bims-vitmet 2025-06-15 papers

bims-vitmet

Biomed News

on Vitamin metabolism

Issue of 2025–06–15
nine papers selected by
Onurkan Karabulut, Berkeley City College

Vitamin D in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases.
Do Liposomal Vitamin C Formulations Have Improved Bioavailability? A Scoping Review Identifying Future Research Directions.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of nutraceutical compounds (Curcumin, Quercetin, Epa, Zinc, and Vitamin D) in managing Celiac disease: insights from cellular mechanisms.
The Neurological Sequelae of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Systematic Review and Randomized Controlled Trial.
The vitamin C paradigm: new frontiers in blood transfusion.
Role of Antioxidants in Melasma: A Systematic Review.
Vitamin D in the Transition from Acute to Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review.
From Nutrient to Nanocarrier: The Multifaceted Role of Vitamin B12 in Drug Delivery.
Impact of Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B2 Supplementation on Anxiety, Stress, and Sleep Quality: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 22. pii: 5005. [Epub ahead of print]26(11):

Vitamin D in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases.

Zrinka Bukvić Mokos, Lucija Tomić Krsnik, Kristijan Harak, Danijela Marojević Tomić, Deša Tešanović Perković, Marija Vukojević.

  Vitamin D, a hormone synthesized in the skin through ultraviolet B radiation (UVB), plays a crucial role not only in calcium and phosphate homeostasis but also in regulating skin homeostasis and modulating immune responses. In keratinocytes, vitamin D is converted to its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D), which interacts with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) to regulate gene expression involved in proliferation, differentiation, and antimicrobial defense. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, and hidradenitis suppurativa. These conditions are associated with altered epidermal differentiation, immune imbalance, and microbial interactions, where vitamin D plays a modulatory role by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines, enhancing antimicrobial peptide synthesis, and restoring skin barrier integrity. Topical vitamin D analogues have shown therapeutic benefits in psoriasis, while emerging evidence supports the adjunctive role of vitamin D supplementation in acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, and atopic dermatitis. Despite promising associations between low serum vitamin D levels and disease severity, a causal relationship remains uncertain. This review integrates molecular mechanisms with clinical findings, emphasizing the role of vitamin D in cutaneous physiology and pathology, and highlights the need for further research into targeted supplementation strategies in dermatological disorders.

Keywords:  acne; atopic dermatitis; hidradenitis suppurativa; psoriasis; vitamin D

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26115005
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2025 Jul;137(1): e70067

Do Liposomal Vitamin C Formulations Have Improved Bioavailability? A Scoping Review Identifying Future Research Directions.

Anitra C Carr.

  Due to the essential requirement of vitamin C (ascorbate) by humans, formulation of the vitamin to increase its bioavailability is of relevance, particularly for those with higher requirements for the vitamin. In this scoping review, studies assessing the bioavailability of liposomal versus non-liposomal ascorbate were identified through database and manual searching and relevant pharmacokinetic data were extracted. Of the 321 studies identified, 10 were included in the final review. Seven of the trials used randomised crossover designs, one used parallel groups and two were non-randomised. Vastly different liposomal formulations, ascorbate doses (0.15-10 g) and sample collection durations (4-24 h) were used, thereby making it difficult to directly compare the studies. Nevertheless, nine of the studies showed higher bioavailability of liposomal versus non-liposomal ascorbate: 1.2-5.4-fold higher Cmax and 1.3-7.2-fold higher AUC. However, none of the studies assessed ascorbate elimination; therefore, it is uncertain whether the ratios of liposomal to non-liposomal ascorbate in urine are equivalent to those observed in plasma. Furthermore, only two of the studies assessed in vivo cellular uptake and only two assessed potential biological effects. Thus, future studies should include urinary elimination and cellular uptake kinetics, assess participants with low baseline status and investigate potential biological effects. SUMMARY: Due to the essential requirement of vitamin C by humans, formulations to increase its uptake into the body are of relevance, particularly in those with higher requirements for the vitamin. In this review, studies assessing the uptake of liposomal versus non-liposomal vitamin C were investigated; liposomal vitamin C comprising the vitamin encapsulated within lipids. Ten studies were identified, which administered different liposomal formulations, vitamin C doses (0.15-10 g) and sample collection durations (4-24 h). Nine of the studies showed higher uptake of liposomal vitamin C. Future studies should assess urinary excretion, cellular uptake and biological effects of liposomal vitamin C.

Keywords:  ascorbic acid; bioavailability; leukocytes; liposomal vitamin C; vitamin C

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.70067
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Jun 11. 52(1): 580

Exploring the therapeutic potential of nutraceutical compounds (Curcumin, Quercetin, Epa, Zinc, and Vitamin D) in managing Celiac disease: insights from cellular mechanisms.

Mahtab Jahdkaran, Nastaran Asri, Hamidreza Houri, Kaveh Baghaei, Hadi Esmaily, Anna Sapone, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad.

   BACKGROUND: The primary treatment for Celiac disease (CeD) is a gluten-free diet (GFD), which presents challenges. Studies on the anti-inflammatory properties of Curcumin, Quercetin, Vitamin D, Zinc, and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) offer hope for patients. This study evaluated their effects on immune reactivity in gliadin-stimulated Caco-2 cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Cells were treated with pepsin trypsin-digested gliadin (PT-G) and exposed to these compounds individually and in combinations using the n-1 method. Gene expressions of TNF-α, NF-κB, STAT-3, ZO-1, and Occludin were analyzed via qPCR, while IL-6 and IL-10 protein levels were measured using ELISA. Results showed a significant decrease in NF-κB gene expression for Curcumin (P < 0.01), Quercetin (P < 0.001), Vitamin D (P < 0.01), Zinc (P < 0.01), EPA (P < 0.001), and CQEDZ (P < 0.05). IL-6 levels increased significantly with Curcumin (P < 0.05), EPA (P < 0.01), Vitamin D (P < 0.05), and Zinc (P < 0.05), along with EDZ (P < 0.0001) and DZ (P < 0.01). IL-10 levels also rose following treatments with Curcumin (P < 0.05) and Zinc (P < 0.01). ZO-1 gene expression increased with EPA (P < 0.0001), Curcumin (P < 0.0001), Quercetin (P < 0.05), and Vitamin D (P < 0.01), while it decreased in CQEDZ (P < 0.01) and other combinations.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that nutraceuticals, particularly CQEDZ, CEDZ, EDZ, and ED, may modulate inflammatory pathways in CeD. Further mechanistic and clinical studies are needed to validate these results, supporting the potential of nutraceuticals in managing CeD.

Keywords:  Anti-inflammatory agents; Celiac disease; Dietary supplements; Enterocytes; Gluten

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-025-10679-w
Cureus. 2025 May;17(5): e83668

The Neurological Sequelae of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Systematic Review and Randomized Controlled Trial.

Abir Abdalaal Hamza Ali, Fatima H A Mohamed, Samir Hago, Israa Fathelrahman Elsadig Elgali, Hager Elsir Sherfeldin Mohammed, Rania G Mirghani.

  Vitamin B12 deficiency is a well-recognized cause of neurological complications, including peripheral neuropathy, cognitive decline, and myelopathy. However, the extent of neurological benefits from supplementation, especially in subclinical cases, remains uncertain. This systematic review evaluated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the neurological effects of vitamin B12 supplementation. The review focused on treatment outcomes, route of administration, and population characteristics, along with the methodological quality of included studies. Ten RCTs were included, involving individuals with clinical and subclinical vitamin B12 deficiency. Supplementation improved neurological symptoms in patients with overt deficiency, with oral therapy showing similar efficacy to intramuscular injections, better tolerability, and lower cost. In older adults with subclinical deficiency, supplementation did not significantly improve cognitive or neurological outcomes. In diabetic patients with neuropathy, improvements were noted in symptom scores, but not in objective neurological measures. Although reductions in homocysteine levels were observed, these biochemical changes did not consistently correlate with clinical improvements. Vitamin B12 supplementation is effective for patients with clinical deficiency but shows limited neurological benefit in subclinical cases. Further trials using standardized outcomes and longer follow-up are needed to refine treatment strategies and support biomarker-guided approaches.

Keywords:  cobalamin; neurological sequelae; randomized controlled trials; systematic review; vitamin b12

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.83668
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2025 Jun;87(6): 3310-3326

The vitamin C paradigm: new frontiers in blood transfusion.

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu.

  Vitamin C, a potent antioxidant, is gaining attention in the field of transfusion medicine for its potential to enhance blood transfusion practices. Recent studies suggest that vitamin C can significantly improve erythrocyte preservation by mitigating oxidative damage during storage, thereby maintaining cell membrane integrity and functionality. This preservation is crucial for ensuring the efficacy and safety of transfused blood, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes. In addition to its role in erythrocyte preservation, vitamin C has been shown to modulate immune responses, which can be particularly beneficial in reducing the risks associated with transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM). By influencing both innate and adaptive immunity, vitamin C can help mitigate adverse immune reactions and improve the overall clinical outcomes for transfusion recipients. These immune-modulating properties underscore the potential of vitamin C to address some of the critical challenges in transfusion medicine. Furthermore, clinical trials have demonstrated that the incorporation of vitamin C in transfusion protocols can lead to enhanced recovery rates and reduced incidence of transfusion-related complications. The multifaceted benefits of vitamin C, including its antioxidant defense, immune support, and metabolic regulation, highlight its promise as a transformative agent in blood transfusion practices. As research continues to uncover the optimal use of vitamin C in this context, it is poised to become a pivotal element in improving transfusion efficacy and patient care.

Keywords:  antioxidant therapy; blood storage; erythrocyte preservation; transfusion medicine; vitamin C

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000003018
Indian J Dermatol. 2025 May-Jun;70(3):70(3): 125-134

Role of Antioxidants in Melasma: A Systematic Review.

Rashmi Sarkar, Anjali Sahu.

  Melasma is a common skin disorder characterized by facial hyperpigmentation, often aggravated by sun exposure. Antioxidants are being studied as a treatment option for their potential to reduce oxidative stress and improve skin pigmentation. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed for articles published over the past decade, up to January 31, 2024, on the use of antioxidants in melasma treatment. The systematic review, conducted by two independent investigators, included 30 studies on antioxidants in melasma, covering vitamin C, cysteamine, silymarin, PLE, tomato extract/lycopene, zinc sulfate, melatonin, and other antioxidants. Findings indicated that combining vitamin C with physical therapies, such as peels and lasers, yielded better results. Cysteamine, a naturally occurring aminothiol, showed efficacy comparable to hydroquinone with fewer side effects. Silymarin was effective in reducing melasma severity with minimal adverse effects. PLE showed mixed results but potential as an effective antioxidant when combined with other treatments. Lycopene from tomato extract demonstrated significant improvements in melasma when used as an adjuvant therapy. Zinc sulfate showed some effectiveness but was less potent than hydroquinone. Melatonin had antioxidant capabilities but showed no statistically significant improvement. Glutathione is emerging as a new antioxidant therapy showing efficacy in melasma in combination with other topicals and microneedling. Other antioxidants, including combinations of vitamins C, E, and ferulic acid, showed potential as adjuncts in melasma treatment. These findings highlight the diverse efficacy of antioxidants in managing melasma, suggesting their potential as safe and effective treatments.

Keywords:  Antioxidants; Vitamin C; ascorbic acid; cysteamine; glutathione; lycopene; melasma; melatonin; polypodium leucotomos extract (PLE); silymarin; tomato extract; zinc sulfate

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4103/ijd.ijd_473_24
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 01. pii: 1912. [Epub ahead of print]17(11):

Vitamin D in the Transition from Acute to Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review.

Diana Marisol Abrego-Guandique, Sara Ilari, Saverio Nucera, Lucia Carmela Passacatini, Erika Cione, Roberto Cannataro, Luca Gallelli, Maria Cristina Caroleo, Vincenzo Mollace, Carolina Muscoli.

   BACKGROUND: The transition from acute to chronic pain is an important clinical phenomenon that significantly impacts the healthcare system. Despite decades of research, preventing this transition remains a complex challenge. Many studies have explored the various factors that contribute to the development of chronic pain, but the underlying mechanisms are still largely unclear. In this frame, vitamin D (VD) plays an important role in pain mechanism development, with emerging evidence suggesting it influences pain perception, inflammation, and nerve function.
METHODS: A total of 14 eligible original research articles were identified.
RESULTS: Our qualitative analysis showed that VD did not directly influence the transition from acute to chronic pain, but it affected pain intensity, improving outcomes in patients at risk of developing chronic pain.
CONCLUSIONS: Additional randomized clinical trials, particularly double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, which are regarded as the gold standard in clinical research, are warranted to evaluate the role of vitamin D in the progression from acute to chronic pain.

Keywords:  acute pain; acute to chronic pain transition; chronic pain prevention; vitamin D

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17111912
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 26. pii: 5119. [Epub ahead of print]26(11):

From Nutrient to Nanocarrier: The Multifaceted Role of Vitamin B12 in Drug Delivery.

Nikita A Kuldyushev, Sergey Y Simonenko, Semen I Goreninskii, Tatiana N Pallaeva, Andrey A Zamyatnin, Alessandro Parodi.

  Vitamin B12 (B12), a crucial water-soluble vitamin, plays an essential role in various cellular functions, including DNA synthesis and cellular metabolism. This review explores recent advancements in B12 delivery systems and their potential applications in drug delivery. The unique absorption pathways of B12, which involve specific binding proteins and receptors, are highlighted, emphasizing the vitamin's protective mechanisms that enhance its bioavailability. The review discusses the intricate multi-protein network involved in B12 metabolism and the implications of B12 deficiency, which can lead to significant health issues, including neurological and hematological disorders. Additionally, the potential of B12 as a drug carrier to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of poorly bioavailable medications is examined. The findings suggest that optimizing B12 delivery could enhance therapeutic outcomes in nanomedicine and other clinical applications.

Keywords:  cancer; drug delivery; nanomedicine; nanoparticles; neurological conditions; vitamin B12

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26115119
Nutrients. 2025 May 27. pii: 1821. [Epub ahead of print]17(11):

Impact of Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B2 Supplementation on Anxiety, Stress, and Sleep Quality: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Yingxuan Tao, Murong Wu, Boyao Su, Heng Lin, Qianzi Li, Tian Zhong, Ying Xiao, Xi Yu.

  Background: Anxiety, stress, and sleep disturbances significantly affect overall health. Research suggests that vitamins B1 and B2 may play a role in mood regulation and neuroprotection. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin B1 and B2 supplementation in alleviating anxiety and stress and improving sleep quality. Methods: This study was a parallel randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants (n = 43) were randomized to receive one of the following two interventions: 100 mg of vitamin B1 and 100 mg of vitamin B2 or placebo. Intervention outcomes were assessed at baseline and week four, including SAS (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale), PSS (Perceived Stress Scale), PSQI (Sleep Quality Index), ESS (Sleepiness Scale), and measurement of urinary vitamin B1 and B2 levels. Results: After four weeks, urinary vitamin B1 levels increased from 158 ± 108.9 ng to 1333.1 ± 1204.5 ng (p < 0.01), and urinary vitamin B2 levels increased from 308.0 ± 198.3 ng to 6123.2 ± 4847.2 ng in the supplement group (p < 0.01). The PSS scores decreased significantly in the supplement group from 21.5 ± 4.1 to 15.5 ± 4.5 (p < 0.05), while the placebo group showed a change from 20.3 ± 4.3 to 19.8 ± 5.5. Vitamins B1 and B2 did not have a significant effect on anxiety improvement (p > 0.05). The PSQI scores decreased in the supplement group from 8.0 ± 3.12 to 6.3 ± 2.0 (p < 0.05), while the placebo group worsened from 5.7 ± 2.7 to 7.4 ± 2.9. Meanwhile, the ESS scores in the supplement group decreased from 13.0 ± 3.4 to 9.1 ± 3.9 (p < 0.05), demonstrating a significant improvement compared to the placebo group. Conclusions: The clinical trial findings demonstrated that while vitamin B1 and B2 supplements helped reduce stress, enhance sleep, and reduce sleepiness, they had no discernible impact on reducing anxiety. Future studies should focus on the long-term effects of vitamin B1 and B2 supplements, exploring the combined effects of combined vitamin B1 and B2 medications for the treatment of stress and sleep disorders.

Keywords:  anxiety; mental health; sleep quality; stress; vitamin B1; vitamin B2

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17111821