bims-plasge Biomed News
on Plastid genes
Issue of 2021‒05‒16
two papers selected by
Vera S. Bogdanova
Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
  1. Fine-mapping and candidate gene analysis for the foxglove aphid resistance gene Raso2 from wild soybean PI 366121.
  2. A synthetic RNA editing factor edits its target site in chloroplasts and bacteria.
  1. Theor Appl Genet. 2021 May 11.
    Fine-mapping and candidate gene analysis for the foxglove aphid resistance gene Raso2 from wild soybean PI 366121.
    Ki-Seung Kim, Ji-Min Kim, Jiyeong Jung, Ilseob Shin, Sumin Park, Ju Seok Lee, Soon-Chun Jeong, Jeong-Dong Lee, Jin Kyo Jung, Bo-Keun Ha, Sungtaeg Kang.
      KEY MESSAGE: The foxglove aphid resistance gene Raso2 from PI 366121 was fine-mapped to 77 Kb region, and one candidate gene was identified. The foxglove aphid (FA: Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach) is an important insect pest that causes serious yield losses in soybean. The FA resistance gene Raso2 from wild soybean PI 366121 was previously mapped to a 13 cM interval on soybean chromosome 7. However, fine-mapping of Raso2 was needed to improve the effectiveness of marker-assisted selection (MAS) and to eventually clone it. The objectives of this study were to fine-map Raso2 from PI 366121 using Axiom® 180 K SoyaSNP array, to confirm the resistance and inheritance of Raso2 in a different background, and to identify candidate gene(s). The 105 F4:8 recombinant inbred lines were used to fine-map the gene and to test antibiosis and antixenosis of Raso2 to FA. These efforts resulted in the mapping of Raso2 on 1 cM interval which corresponds to 77 Kb containing eight annotated genes based on the Williams 82 reference genome assembly (Wm82.a2.v1). Interestingly, all nonsynonymous substitutions were in Glyma.07g077700 which encodes the disease resistance protein containing LRR domain and expression of the gene in PI 366121 was significantly higher than that in Williams 82. In addition, distinct SNPs within Glyma.07g077700 that can distinguish PI 366121 and diverse FA-susceptible soybeans were identified. We also confirmed that Raso2 presented the resistance to FA and the Mendelian inheritance for single dominant gene in a different background. The results of this study would provide fundamental information on MAS for development of FA-resistant cultivars as well as functional study and cloning of the candidate gene in soybean.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03853-8
  2. Commun Biol. 2021 May 10. 4(1): 545
    A synthetic RNA editing factor edits its target site in chloroplasts and bacteria.
    Santana Royan, Bernard Gutmann, Catherine Colas des Francs-Small, Suvi Honkanen, Jason Schmidberger, Ashley Soet, Yueming Kelly Sun, Lilian Vincis Pereira Sanglard, Charles S Bond, Ian Small.
      Members of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein family act as specificity factors in C-to-U RNA editing. The expansion of the PPR superfamily in plants provides the sequence variation required for design of consensus-based RNA-binding proteins. We used this approach to design a synthetic RNA editing factor to target one of the sites in the Arabidopsis chloroplast transcriptome recognised by the natural editing factor CHLOROPLAST BIOGENESIS 19 (CLB19). We show that our synthetic editing factor specifically recognises the target sequence in in vitro binding assays. The designed factor is equally specific for the target rpoA site when expressed in chloroplasts and in the bacterium E. coli. This study serves as a successful pilot into the design and application of programmable RNA editing factors based on plant PPR proteins.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02062-9
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