bims-noxint 2019-06-30 papers

Issue of 2019–06–30
two papers selected by
Laia Caja Puigsubira, Uppsala University

Front Oncol. 2019 ;9 480

Breast Cancer Subtypes Present a Differential Production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Susceptibility to Antioxidant Treatment.

Fabiola Lilí Sarmiento-Salinas, Alam Delgado-Magallón, José Benito Montes-Alvarado, Dalia Ramírez-Ramírez, Juan Carlos Flores-Alonso, Paulina Cortés-Hernández, Julio Reyes-Leyva, Irma Herrera-Camacho, Maricruz Anaya-Ruiz, Rosana Pelayo, Lourdes Millán-Pérez-Peña, Paola Maycotte.

Due to their crucial role in cell metabolism and homeostasis, alterations in mitochondrial biology and function have been related to the progression of diverse diseases including cancer. One of the consequences associated to mitochondrial dysfunction is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are known to have a controversial role during cancer initiation and progression and although several studies have tried to manipulate intracellular ROS levels using antioxidants or pro-oxidation conditions, it is not yet clear how to target oxidation for cancer therapy. In this study, we found differences in mitochondrial morphology in breast cancer cells when compared to a non-tumorigenic cell line and differences in mitochondrial function among breast cancer subtypes when exploring gene-expression data from the TCGA tumor dataset. Interestingly, we found increased ROS levels in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and a dependency on ROS for survival since antioxidant treatment induced cell death in TNBC cells but not in an estrogen receptor positive (ER+) cell line. Moreover, we identified the mitochondria as the main source of ROS in TNBC cell lines. Our results indicate a potential use for ROS as a target for therapy in the TNBC subtype which currently has the worst prognosis among all breast cancers and remains as the only breast cancer subtype which lacks a targeted therapy.

Keywords: ROS; breast cancer; mitochondria; mitochondrial ROS; mitochondrial morphology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2019.00480

Redox Biol. 2019 Jun 06. pii: S2213-2317(19)30580-4. [Epub ahead of print]26 101247

RedoxiBase: A database for ROS homeostasis regulated proteins.

Bruno Savelli, Qiang Li, Mark Webber, Achraf Mohamed Jemmat, Alexis Robitaille, Marcel Zamocky, Catherine Mathé, Christophe Dunand.

We present a new database, specifically devoted to ROS homeostasis regulated proteins. This database replaced our previous database, the PeroxiBase, which was focused only on various peroxidase families. The addition of 20 new protein families related with ROS homeostasis justifies the new name for this more complex and comprehensive database as RedoxiBase. Besides enlarging the focus of the database, new analysis tools and functionalities have been developed and integrated through the web interface, with which the users can now directly access to orthologous sequences and see the chromosomal localization of sequences when available. OrthoMCL tool, completed with a post-treatment process, provides precise predictions of orthologous gene groups for the sequences present in this database. In order to explore and analyse orthogroups results, taxonomic visualization of organisms containing sequence of a specific orthogroup as well as chromosomal distribution of the orthogroup with one or two organisms have been included.

Keywords: Catalase; Multigenic family; Oxido-reductases; Peroxidases; ROS homeostasis

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2019.101247