bims-minfam 2023-05-14 papers

J Nutr Health Aging. 2023 ;27(4): 291-300

The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Epigenetics and the Aging Process.

S Abudahab, E T Price, M G Dozmorov, L S Deshpande, J L McClay.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor, classically associated with the regulation of xenobiotic metabolism in response to environmental toxins. In recent years, transgenic rodent models have implicated AhR in aging and longevity. Moreover, several AhR ligands, such as resveratrol and quercetin, are compounds proven to extend the lifespan of model organisms. In this paper, we first review AhR biology with a focus on aging and highlight several AhR ligands with potential anti-aging properties. We outline how AhR-driven expression of xenobiotic metabolism genes into old age may be a key mechanism through which moderate induction of AhR elicits positive benefits on longevity and healthspan. Furthermore, via integration of publicly available datasets, we show that liver-specific AhR target genes are enriched among genes subject to epigenetic aging. Changes to epigenetic states can profoundly affect transcription factor binding and are a hallmark of the aging process. We suggest that the interplay between AhR and epigenetic aging should be the subject of future research and outline several key gaps in the current literature. Finally, we recommend that a broad range of non-toxic AhR ligands should be investigated for their potential to promote healthspan and longevity.

Keywords: AhR ligands; TCDD; Xenobiotic metabolism; quercetin; resveratrol

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-023-1908-1

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 ;14 1203755

Editorial: Molecular crosstalk between endocrine factors, paracrine signals, and the immune system during aging.

Durai Sellegounder, Luigi Ferrucci, Rajakumar Anbazhagan, Nathan Basisty.

Keywords: aging; endocrinology; hormones; immune system; metabolism & endocrinology; paracrine signal; senescence

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1203755

Gerontology. 2023 Apr 25.

Blood Biomarkers for Healthy Aging.

Ceereena Ubaida-Mohien, Toshiko Tanaka, Qu Tian, Zenobia Moore, Ruin Moaddel, Nathan Basisty, Eleanor M Simonsick, Luigi Ferrucci.

Measuring the abundance of biological molecules and their chemical modifications in blood and tissues has been the cornerstone of research and medical diagnoses for decades. Although the number and variety of molecules that can be measured have expanded exponentially, the blood biomarkers routinely assessed in medical practice remain limited to a few dozen, which have not substantially changed over the last 30-40 years. The discovery of novel biomarkers would allow, for example, risk stratification or monitoring of disease progression or the effectiveness of treatments and interventions, improving clinical practice in myriad ways. In this review, we combine the biomarker discovery concept with geroscience. Geroscience bridges aging research and translation to clinical applications by combining the framework of medical gerontology with high-technology medical research. With the development of geroscience and the rise of blood biomarkers, there has been a paradigm shift from disease prevention and cure to promoting health and healthy aging. New -omic technologies have played a role in the development of blood biomarkers, including epigenetic, proteomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic markers, which have emerged as correlates or predictors of health status, from disease and exceptional health.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000530795

Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2023 May 10.

Copper clampdown alleviates inflammation.

Katie Kingwell.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41573-023-00075-z

Nat Rev Cardiol. 2023 May 11.

Clonal haematopoiesis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Herra Ahmad, Siddhartha Jaiswal.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-023-00882-2

Leuk Res. 2023 May 05. pii: S0145-2126(23)00571-4. [Epub ahead of print]130 107306

Acute myeloid leukemia in the medically unfit elderly patients.

Joseph Edmund, Liz Joemon Thaliath, Kapil Meleveedu.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia is a clonal proliferative disorder whose incidence increases with age. While studies have shown that the elderly medically unfit patients have poorer outcomes with intensive chemotherapy, a vast majority of them are deemed ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Multiple studies have also shown that poor performance status prior to treatment initiation affects the prognosis. An accurate comprehensive assessment is hence vital to the selection of such patients. The chemotherapy agents that have been used for AML in the medically unfit patients have also changed significantly in the past few years. In this review we focus on the importance of comprehensive geriatric assessment prior to chemotherapy initiation among patients who are 75 years and older and the treatment approaches available for the medically unfit, Acute Myeloid Leukemia patients.

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Comorbidities; Elderly; Geriatric assessment; New agents; Treatment

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107306