bims-metalz 2024-06-02 papers

Issue of 2024–06–02
three papers selected by
Mikaila Chetty, Goa University

J Adv Res. 2024 May 29. pii: S2090-1232(24)00213-3. [Epub ahead of print]

The biomedical application of inorganic metal nanoparticles in aging and aging-associated diseases.

Yuqing Meng, Junzhe Zhang, Yanqing Liu, Yongping Zhu, Haining Lv, Fei Xia, Qiuyan Guo, Qianli Shi, Chong Qiu, Jigang Wang.

Aging and aging-associated diseases (AAD), including neurodegenerative disease, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, are inevitable process. With the gradual improvement of life style, life expectancy is gradually extended. However, the extended lifespan has not reduced the incidence of disease, and most elderly people are in ill-health state in their later years. Hence, understanding aging and AAD are significant for reducing the burden of the elderly. Inorganic metal nanoparticles (IMNPs) predominantly include gold, silver, iron, zinc, titanium, thallium, platinum, cerium, copper NPs, which has been widely used to prevent and treat aging and AAD due to their superior properties (essential metal ions for human body, easily synthesis and modification, magnetism). Therefore, a systematic review of common morphological alternations of senescent cells, altered genes and signal pathways in aging and AAD, and biomedical applications of IMNPs in aging and AAD is crucial for the further research and development of IMNPs in aging and AAD. This review focus on the existing research on cellular senescence, aging and AAD, as well as the applications of IMNPs in aging and AAD in the past decade. This review aims to provide cutting-edge knowledge involved with aging and AAD, the application of IMNPs in aging and AAD to promote the biomedical application of IMNPs in aging and AAD.

Keywords: Aging and aging-associated diseases; Biomedical application; Inorganic metal nanoparticles

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.023

J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2024 Jun;38(6): e23741

Heavy metals toxicity on epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Dhivya Venkatesan, Sindduja Muthukumar, Mahalaxmi Iyer, Harysh Winster Suresh Babu, Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan, Mukesh Kumar Yadav, Balachandar Vellingiri.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive decline in cognitive ability and behavior which eventually disrupts daily activities. AD has no cure and the progression rate varies unlikely. Among various causative factors, heavy metals are reported to be a significant hazard in AD pathogenesis. Metal-induced neurodegeneration has been focused globally with thorough research to unravel the mechanistic insights in AD. Recently, heavy metals suggested to play an important role in epigenetic alterations which might provide evidential results on AD pathology. Epigenetic modifications are known to play towards novel therapeutic approaches in treating AD. Though many studies focus on epigenetics and heavy metal implications in AD, there is a lack of research on heavy metal influence on epigenetic toxicity in neurological disorders. The current review aims to elucidate the plausible role of cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), and lithium (Li) metals on epigenetic factors and the increase in amyloid beta and tau phosphorylation in AD. Also, the review discusses the common methods of heavy metal detection to implicate in AD pathogenesis. Hence, from this review, we can extend the need for future research on identifying the mechanistic behavior of heavy metals on epigenetic toxicity and to develop diagnostic and therapeutic markers in AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease (AD); epigenetic modifications; heavy metals; neurotoxicity; therapeutic approach

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.23741

Food Funct. 2024 May 31.

Olive oil tyrosols reduce α-synuclein aggregation in vitro and in vivo after ingestion in a Caenorhabditis elegans Parkinson's model.

Samanta Hernández-García, Beatriz García-Cano, Pedro Martínez-Rodríguez, Paula Henarejos-Escudero, Fernando Gandía-Herrero.

Parkinson's disease is the neurodegenerative motor disorder with the highest incidence worldwide. Among other factors, Parkinson's disease is caused by the accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates in a patient's brain. In this work, five molecules present in the diet are proposed as possible nutraceuticals to prevent and/or reduce the formation of α-synuclein oligomers that lead to Parkinson's disease. The olive oil polyphenols tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol (HT), hydroxytyrosol acetate (HTA) and dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) besides vitamin C were tested using a cellular model of α-synuclein aggregation and a Caenorhabditis elegans Parkinson's disease animal model. Levodopa was included in the assays as the main drug prescribed to treat the disease as well as dopamine, its direct metabolite. HTA and DOPAC completely hindered α-synuclein aggregation in vitro, while dopamine reduced the aggregation by 28.7%. The Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (PAMPA) showed that HTA had the highest permeability through brain lipids among the compounds tested. Furthermore, the C. elegans Parkinson's disease model made it possible to assess the chosen compounds in vivo. The more effective substances in vivo were DOPAC and HTA which reduced the αS aggregation inside the animals by 79.2% and 76.2%, respectively. Moreover, dopamine also reduced the aggregates by 67.4% in the in vivo experiment. Thus, the results reveal the potential of olive oil tyrosols as nutraceuticals against α-synuclein aggregation.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo01663g