bims-librar 2024-12-08 papers

bims-librar

Biomed News

on Biomedical librarianship

Issue of 2024–12–08
twenty papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society

Using Glittr.org to find, compare and re-use online materials for training and education.
A Visit to the Cushing Library.
The centre for health informatics: a novel approach to accelerating the field of health data science.
Can people with epilepsy trust AI chatbots for information on physical exercise?
Evaluation of Responses to Questions About Keratoconus Using ChatGPT-4.0, Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot: A Comparative Study of Large Language Models on Keratoconus.
Quality of Information Provided by Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Surrounding the Reconstructive Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer: A Comparative Analysis Between ChatGPT4 and Claude2.
Use and application of geographical restrictions in systematic reviews with the aim of including studies about Germany: An update of a methodological review.
Reliability and quality of information provided by artificial intelligence chatbots on post-contrast acute kidney injury: an evaluation of diagnostic, preventive, and treatment guidance.
Analysis of internet educational websites on tobacco cessation: A content analysis.
Ensuring quality information for patients tool to assess patient information on CABG websites: Systemic search and evaluation.
An Evaluation of the Usage of Internet Resources by Patients with Lung Cancer.
A multimetric health literacy analysis of phalloplasty techniques: Comparing artificial intelligence and online resources.
The quality, reliability and educational values of YouTube videos for low vision patients.
Occlusal device therapy for sleep bruxism: Analysis of educational value, clarity, reliability, understandability, and actionability of information of content on YouTube.
Quality of Information on Lip Tie in YouTube Videos: A Content Analysis.
Evaluating Online YouTube Videos for Cervical Cancer Brachytherapy Patient Education.
YouTube as a Source of Knowledge for Childhood Glaucoma.
Comparative analysis of NAFLD-related health videos on TikTok: a cross-language study in the USA and China.
TikTok as a Medium for Health Information for Facial Paralysis: A Social Media Analysis.
Social norms and maternal health information-seeking behavior among adolescent girls: A qualitative study in a slum of Bangladesh.

PLoS One. 2024 ;19(12): e0308729

Using Glittr.org to find, compare and re-use online materials for training and education.

Geert van Geest, Yann Haefliger, Monique Zahn-Zabal, Patricia M Palagi.

A wealth of excellent training and educational materials for the computational life sciences are scattered around the Internet, but they can be hard to find. Many materials reside in public Git repositories that are hosted on platforms such as GitHub and GitLab. Glittr.org is a manually curated database of Git repositories, which enables users to find educational materials that would otherwise be hard to identify. With the application, users can search and compare educational materials based on topic and author, but also on engagement metrics such as stargazers (bookmarks) and recency (days since last commit). Glittr.org currently contains 664 entries, which are assigned to six different categories within the domain of computational life sciences. By analysing the database, we reveal insights in the availability of materials per topic, collaboration patterns of developers, and licensing practices. This knowledge helps to understand in which areas open educational materials are scant, the importance of Git for collaboration on educational materials and how licensing can be improved to enhance sharing and reuse. Taken together, we show that Glittr.org contains a wealth of connected and openly available metadata. Therefore, it enhances adherence to the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles, which benefits learners, teachers and trainers in the entire life sciences community and beyond.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308729
Neurosurgery. 2024 Dec 01. 95(6): 1209-1210

A Visit to the Cushing Library.

Douglas Kondziolka.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003232
Int J Popul Data Sci. 2024 ;9(1): 2368

The centre for health informatics: a novel approach to accelerating the field of health data science.

Danielle A Southern, Cathy A Eastwood, Erin O'Connor, Chelsea Doktorchik, Marcello Tonelli, Jon Meddings, Hude Quan, Tyler S Williamson.

  Precision Medicine and Precision Public Health are approaches to improve population health. Achieving these goals requires innovation in health informatics. The Centre for Health Informatics (CHI) within the Cumming School of Medicine (CSM) at the University of Calgary (UC), Canada, was created to respond to this need by fostering multidisciplinary collaborations, building capacity by recruiting and training outstanding faculty and students, and harnessing Alberta's rich health data to advance health informatics. To establish CHI as a health informatics leader, CHI has struck partnerships with stakeholders, including Alberta Health Services (AHS), Alberta Health (AH), and the Alberta Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Unit (AbSPORU) among others. Through these close relationships, the CHI intake team facilitates access to Alberta's rich health data sources and educates researchers on the available health data in Alberta. The concept of a "One Stop Shop" for CSM and UC researchers encourages multidisciplinary collaboration, helps investigators access a wide range of datasets, and receive analytical support. Population-based data sets enable the development of methods to turn raw data into health information, improve health data collection, linkage, analysis, and quality, and applied studies creating clinical decision-support tools, prognostic tools, improved health surveillance methods, and health system performance indicators. CHI's ecosystem of diverse research expertise, cutting-edge technology, and embedded AHS analysts to support data access via a wide-ranging network of partnerships allows our provincial researchers, national and international collaborators tremendous opportunities for empirical research. It paves the way for implementing Precision Medicine in the real world.

Keywords:  Precision Health; Precision Medicine; data science; health data; health informatics

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v9i1.2368
Epilepsy Behav. 2024 Dec 04. pii: S1525-5050(24)00575-4. [Epub ahead of print]163 110193

Can people with epilepsy trust AI chatbots for information on physical exercise?

Rizia Rocha-Silva, Bráulio Evangelista de Lima, Thalles Guilarducci Costa, Naiane Silva Morais, Geovana José, Douglas Farias Cordeiro, Alexandre Aparecido de Almeida, Glauber Menezes Lopim, Ricardo Borges Viana, Bolivar Saldanha Sousa, Diego Basile Colugnati, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Marília Santos Andrade, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Ricardo Mario Arida, Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira.

   PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate the similarity, readability, and alignment with current scientific knowledge of responses from AI-based chatbots to common questions about epilepsy and physical exercise.
METHODS: Four AI chatbots (ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT 4, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot) were evaluated. Fourteen questions on epilepsy and physical exercise were designed to compare the platforms. Lexical similarity, response patterns, and thematic content were analyzed. Readability was measured using the Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level scores. Seven experts rated the quality of responses on a Likert scale from "very poor" to "very good."
RESULTS: The responses showed lexical similarity, with approaches to physical exercise ranging from conservative to holistic. Microsoft Copilot scored the highest on the Flesch Reading Ease scale (48.42 ± 13.71), while ChatGPT-3.5 scored the lowest (23.84 ± 8.19). All responses were generally rated as difficult to read. Quality ratings ranged from "Good" to "Acceptable," with ChatGPT 4 being the preferred platform, chosen by 48.98 % of reviewers.
CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the potential of AI chatbots as useful sources of information on epilepsy and physical exercise. However, simplifying language and tailoring content to user's needs is essential to enhance their effectiveness.

Keywords:  AI Chatbots; Artificial Intelligence; Epilepsy; Health Information; Physical Exercise

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110193
Eye Contact Lens. 2024 Dec 04.

Evaluation of Responses to Questions About Keratoconus Using ChatGPT-4.0, Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot: A Comparative Study of Large Language Models on Keratoconus.

Suleyman Demir.

OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used today and are becoming increasingly important for providing accurate clinical information to patients and physicians. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of generative pre-trained transforme-4.0 (ChatGPT-4.0), Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot LLMs in responding to patient questions regarding keratoconus.
METHODS: The LLMs' responses to the 25 most common questions about keratoconus asked by real-life patients were blindly rated by two ophthalmologists using a 5-point Likert scale. In addition, the DISCERN scale was used to evaluate the responses of the language models in terms of reliability, and the Flesch reading ease and Flesch-Kincaid grade level indices were used to determine readability.
RESULTS: ChatGPT-4.0 provided more detailed and accurate answers to patients' questions about keratoconus than Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot, with 92% of the answers belonging to the "agree" or "strongly agree" categories. Significant differences were observed between all three LLMs on the Likert scale (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Although the answers of ChatGPT-4.0 to questions about keratoconus were more complex for patients than those of other language programs, the information provided was reliable and accurate.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000001158
Clin Otolaryngol. 2024 Dec 04.

Quality of Information Provided by Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Surrounding the Reconstructive Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer: A Comparative Analysis Between ChatGPT4 and Claude2.

Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Alberto Vito Marcuzzo, Chiara Lazzarin, Fabiola Giudici, Jerry Polesel, Marco Stellin, Andrea Pettorelli, Giacomo Spinato, Giancarlo Ottaviano, Marco Ferrari, Daniele Borsetto, Simone Zucchini, Franco Trabalzini, Egidio Sia, Nicoletta Gardenal, Roberto Baruca, Alfonso Fortunati, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Giancarlo Tirelli.

   INTRODUCTION: Artificial Intelligences (AIs) are changing the way information is accessed and consumed globally. This study aims to evaluate the information quality provided by AIs ChatGPT4 and Claude2 concerning reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancer.
METHODS: Thirty questions on reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancer were directed to both AIs and 16 head and neck surgeons assessed the responses using the QAMAI questionnaire. A 5-point Likert scale was used to assess accuracy, clarity, relevance, completeness, sources, and usefulness. Questions were categorised into those suitable for patients (group 1) and those for surgeons (group 2). AI responses were compared using t-Student and McNemar tests. Surgeon score agreement was measured with intraclass correlation coefficient, and readability was assessed with Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL).
RESULTS: ChatGPT4 and Claude2 had similar overall mean scores of accuracy, clarity, relevance, completeness and usefulness, while Claude2 outperformed ChatGPT4 in sources (110.0 vs. 92.1, p < 0.001). Considering the group 2, Claude2 showed significantly lower accuracy and completeness scores compared to ChatGPT4 (p = 0.003 and p = 0.002, respectively). Regarding readability, ChatGPT4 presented lower complexity than Claude2 (FKGL mean score 4.57 vs. 6.05, p < 0.001) requiring an easy-fairly easy English in 93% of cases.
CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that neither chatbot exhibits a decisive superiority in all aspects. Nonetheless, ChatGPT4 demonstrates greater accuracy and comprehensiveness for specific types of questions and the simpler language used may aid patient inquiries. However, many evaluators disagree with chatbot information, highlighting that AI systems cannot serve as a substitute for advice from medical professionals.

Keywords:  AI; ChatGPT4; Claude2; artificial intelligence; head and neck Cancer; reconstructive surgery

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.14261
Health Info Libr J. 2024 Dec 05.

Use and application of geographical restrictions in systematic reviews with the aim of including studies about Germany: An update of a methodological review.

Catharina Muente, Alexander Pachanov, Julian Hirt, Falk Hoffmann, Rebecca Palm, Silvan Munschek, Dawid Pieper.

   BACKGROUND: In systematic reviews (SRs), geographical limitations in literature searches can aid in focussing research efforts. A methodological review published in 2016 examined the approaches SR authors use to identify studies about Germany, analysing 36 SRs.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to update the original review.
METHODS: We conducted a literature search on PubMed for SRs synthesising evidence from studies about Germany published between 22 January 2016 and 7 June 2022. Two reviewers independently performed study selection and data extraction. We evaluated the application of search syntax for restricting studies to those about Germany using the peer review of electronic search strategies criteria. The updated findings were reported and summarised alongside those of the original review.
RESULTS: Thirty-two additional SRs were newly included (total = 68). Geographic restrictions were applied in 57 SRs, representing 72% in the original review and increasing to 97% in the newly included SRs. Moreover, there was an increased use of truncations and field tags.
CONCLUSION: Although geographical restriction methods are increasingly utilised, additional tools are necessary to enhance the robustness of search strategies. The development of a dedicated geographical search filter would facilitate the identification of studies about Germany.

Keywords:  Europe, central; database searching; indexing; literature searching; recall; review, systematic; review, systematic ‐ as topic; search strategies

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12555
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2024 ;pii: S0104-42302024001100614. [Epub ahead of print]70(11): e20240891

Reliability and quality of information provided by artificial intelligence chatbots on post-contrast acute kidney injury: an evaluation of diagnostic, preventive, and treatment guidance.

Seray Gizem Gur Ozcan, Merve Erkan.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and quality of information provided by artificial intelligence chatbots regarding the diagnosis, preventive methods, and treatment of contrast-associated acute kidney injury, while also discussing their benefits and drawbacks.
METHODS: The most frequently asked questions regarding contrast-associated acute kidney injury on Google Trends between January 2022 and January 2024 were posed to four artificial intelligence chatbots: ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and Perplexity. The responses were evaluated based on the DISCERN score, the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials score, the Web Resource Rating scale, the Coleman-Liau index, and a Likert scale.
RESULTS: As per the DISCERN score, the quality of information provided by Perplexity received a rating of "good", while the quality of information acquired by ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot was scored as "average." Based on the Coleman-Liau index, the readability of the responses was greater than 11 for all artificial intelligence chatbots, suggesting a high level of complexity requiring a university-level education. Similarly, the understandability and applicability scores on the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials and the Web Resource Rating scale were low for all artificial intelligence programs. In consideration of the Likert score, all artificial intelligence chatbots received favorable ratings.
CONCLUSIONS: While patients increasingly utilize artificial intelligence chatbots to acquire information about contrast-associated acute kidney injury, the readability and understandability of the information provided may be low.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20240891
F1000Res. 2024 ;13 822

Analysis of internet educational websites on tobacco cessation: A content analysis.

B R Avinash, Kaveri Chengappa, Ramya Shenoy, Ashwini Rao, Mithun Pai, G Rajesh.

   Background: There have been significant changes in the lifestyles of individuals in the past few decades, which has led to increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Both smoking and chewing forms of tobacco are highly prevalent, especially in India, and are implicated as causes of diseases, including oropharyngeal carcinomas. Effective tobacco cessation techniques and sources can help overcome addiction and reduce the disease burden in society. The aim was to evaluate the quality and readability of contents of various sources on an internet website about tobacco cessation.
Objectives: i) To evaluate the readability of internet content (Google) regarding tobacco cessation using Flesch-Kincaid readability tests and the quality of internet content (Google) by using the JAMA benchmark, HONcode and DISCERN questionnaire.
Methods: A content review was employed to screen the content of the Google search engine for educational tobacco cessation websites, and the top 50 websites were selected according to criteria and reviewed by two reviewers. The readability of the internet content (Google) regarding tobacco cessation was evaluated using Flesch-Kincaid readability tests. The quality of the screened sites was evaluated by using the JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association) benchmark, HONcode (The Health on the Net Code of Conduct) and DISCERN (Discerning the Quality of Information for Choosing Treatments) questionnaire, and the readability and quality of the screened websites were correlated using the above instruments.
Results: FK readability ease was found to be 49% standard and 30% easy. The FK grade test found that 33% of the content could be easily understood by < 5 th grade. All 4 JAMA benchmarks were met by 23% of websites, and authorship was the least fulfilled criterion. Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between FK ease score and FK grade score.
Conclusions: The Read-ability Ease and Read-ability Grade Levels of the websites related to tobacco cessation were not standard, and few websites fulfilled the JAMA benchmarks and had HONcode certification.

Keywords:  Online resources; Oral cancer; Oral health; Smokeless tobacco; Tobacco cessation; readability tests

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.146843.2
Perfusion. 2024 Dec 03. 2676591241303842

Ensuring quality information for patients tool to assess patient information on CABG websites: Systemic search and evaluation.

Chun Wai Tai, Lam Wing Kwan, Jeremy Chan, Gianni D Angelini.

   BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is the most common cardiac surgical procedure worldwide. The Internet is often the first place for patients to obtain medical information and may influence their health-seeking behaviour. This study aimed to assess the quality of online CABG information for patients.
METHODS: A review was conducted on the available CABG information online using four search terms in Google: "coronary artery bypass grafting", "CABG", "bypass surgery", and "coronary surgery". Websites on the first three pages of each search term were assessed by two independent assessors using the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) tool (score 0-36).
RESULTS: 71 websites in total were eligible for the evaluation. Most websites originated from the USA and the UK (35% for both). The median EQIP score was 16.5. Most websites used everyday language (94%) in short sentences (83%). More than half (60%) of the websites addressed qualitative complications and risks of surgery. Only 1/3 of the websites described treatment alternatives, precautions before surgery, and warning signs after surgery. Only about 1/10 of websites could address quality-of-life issues and resolution of complications.
CONCLUSION: Most online sites concerning CABG scores were low in EQIP tool assessment in terms of quality and readability with insufficient sources. Minimal information is provided regarding the quantitative risks and complications. Enhancement of the credibility and informativeness of websites is needed to reduce patients' anxiety about surgical procedures and help with treatment options for coronary artery disease. Education and investigation on the consistency of high-quality websites may help patient identify high quality medical information.

Keywords:  CABG; EQIP; cardiac surgery; patient information; quality of information

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/02676591241303842
J Cancer Educ. 2024 Dec 03.

An Evaluation of the Usage of Internet Resources by Patients with Lung Cancer.

Sandy Lum-Wang, Paris-Ann Ingledew, Hannah Carolan, Emma M Dunne, Elisa Chan, Ying Wang, Mitchell Liu, Brandon S Chai.

  Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality. Meanwhile, the Internet remains a remarkably popular source of health information. This study characterizes how patients with lung cancer utilize online resources including social media and examines how this online health information-seeking behaviour (HISB) influences their healthcare journeys. From September 2022 to August 2023, a survey of 38 open- and close-ended questions was distributed to patients with lung cancer at a tertiary cancer centre. Quantitative data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, and qualitative data was evaluated using a grounded-theory approach. A total of 74 surveys were distributed, with 54 responses. Eighty-nine percent of respondents reported online HISB. Of this subgroup, only 29% searched social media for health information, and 77% used a search engine. Eighty-nine percent of the search engine users utilized Google, selecting top hits (57%) and/or websites from sources they considered reputable (57%). Participants who did not use search engines directly accessed websites recommended by trusted sources such as physicians, friends, and family. Treatment was the most frequently sought topic (70%). While most respondents engaging in online HISB considered the Internet to be useful (79%), less than half found it influential for their treatment decisions (45%). Most respondents in this study searched the Internet for lung cancer information. Our data highlights the Internet as complementary to clinical discussions with trusted medical professionals. Physicians should recognize the widespread adoption of online HISB, guide patients to evaluate the credibility of online health information, and contextualize it within the patients' unique healthcare journey.

Keywords:  Digital Health Information; HISB; Lung Cancer; Online Health Information; Online Health Information-Seeking Behaviour; Patient Education; Physician-Patient Communication; Social Media; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-024-02537-3
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2024 Nov 26. pii: S1748-6815(24)00726-5. [Epub ahead of print]100 166-169

A multimetric health literacy analysis of phalloplasty techniques: Comparing artificial intelligence and online resources.

Tricia Mae Raquepo, Micaela J Tobin, Macie Gettings, Mohammed Yamin, Bernard T Lee, Ryan P Cauley.

   BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare the informational quality of online and artificial intelligence (AI) - sources on different phalloplasty donor sites to assess reliability and accessibility.
METHODS: A deidentified Google search was conducted using search phrases for forearm, thigh, back, and abdomen phalloplasty. The first ten websites for each donor site were included. The same search phrases were entered into three AI platforms: ChatGPT-4o mini, Google Gemini, and MetaAI. The Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Patient Education and Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT), and the DISCERN tool to evaluate readability, understandability and actionability, and quality, respectively.
RESULTS: Website readability was higher than AI platforms, though not statistically significant (p=0.10). All means exceeded the eighth-grade reading level, with AI outperforming websites in understandability and actionability (p<0.0001 and p=0.006). While websites were deemed understandable, they lacked actionable content. AI scores averaged 51.9, categorized as "good quality," whereas websites averaged 46.9, classified as "fair quality" (p=0.001). No significant differences across donor sites were found (p=0.82).
CONCLUSIONS: Improving the quality of online health resources for phalloplasty donor sites is essential in enabling patients to make informed surgical decisions. The emergence of AI as an educational tool enhances the understandability and quality of online phalloplasty materials, but its overall value warrants further evaluation.

Keywords:  Artificial intelligence; Gender-affirming; Health literacy; Patient education

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2024.11.031
Clin Exp Optom. 2024 Dec 05. 1-6

The quality, reliability and educational values of YouTube videos for low vision patients.

Luis Pérez-Mañá, Bernat Sunyer-Grau, Abina Dhital, Marc Argilés.

   CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Access to high-quality educational resources is essential for patients with low vision. Providing curated recommendations for reliable materials can help ensure patients receive accurate information for effective visual health management.
BACKGROUND: Visual impairment is a global issue affecting millions. The internet serves as a significant source of information, but the quality and reliability of this information can vary greatly.
METHODS: An online search on YouTube was conducted using keywords such as 'Low Vision', 'Vision Impairment', 'Low Vision Aids', and 'Low Vision Rehabilitation'. Videos were screened based on inclusion criteria, and those that did not meet these criteria were excluded. The selected videos were assessed using three evaluation tools: modified DISCERN criteria (mDISCERN), JAMA benchmark criteria, and Global Quality Score (GQS). Three low-vision optometrists independently performed the assessments, and video popularity was measured using the video power index (VPI).
RESULTS: A total of 116 videos were included in the analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test indicated significant differences between the results of the three video evaluation tools and video quality (p < .001). The comparison between videos produced by universities vs. professional organisations vs. private companies showed no significant differences between groups and VPI (p = .522), but a significant difference was found with mDISCERN (p < .001), JAMA (p < .001), and GQS (p = .014). No significant differences in quality were found in gender analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: YouTube can be a valuable source of information for low vision patients, but healthcare providers need to guide patients towards high-quality resources while ensuring oversight of the content.

Keywords:  Educational quality; YouTube; low vision; online videos

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2435514
J Prosthet Dent. 2024 Dec 03. pii: S0022-3913(24)00716-9. [Epub ahead of print]

Occlusal device therapy for sleep bruxism: Analysis of educational value, clarity, reliability, understandability, and actionability of information of content on YouTube.

Tay Xiao Thong, Jennese Moo Wann Wai, Smita Nimbalkar, Pravinkumar G Patil.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Sleep bruxism, characterized by teeth grinding during sleep, is often managed with an occlusal device. Despite the abundance of YouTube videos discussing occlusal device therapy, their educational quality remains unclear.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this process-based audit was to assess the educational value (EV), clarity (COI), reliability (ROI), understandability (UOI), and actionability (AOI) of information regarding occlusal device therapy for sleep bruxism in YouTube videos provided by dental professionals.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: YouTube was searched systematically using 4 search terms. A total of 19 videos were identified using predetermined criteria. EV was assessed using a 4-point scoring system across 10 predetermined domains. A 3-point scoring system was applied to evaluate COI. Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria was applied to evaluate ROI. Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for audio-visual material (PEMAT-A/V) was used to determine UOI and AOI. Descriptive statistics, interrater and intrarater reliability tests were conducted using a statistical software program.
RESULTS: Most videos had been uploaded by general dental practitioners (95%) followed by orthodontists (5%). The mean number of reported domains was 4.68 ±2.73 (out of 10), with the highest scoring domain being "Indications of occlusal device" (1.24 ±0.87), and the lowest being "Cost of occlusal device" (0.00 ±0.00). Overall, the EV score per video was 5.61 ±5.10 (out of 30), while the COI score was 0.55 ±0.50 (out of 2). The ROI averaged 1.95 ±0.40 (out of 4), with "Attribution" scoring lowest (0.026 ±0.11) and "Currency" highest (1). Overall, the videos had a mean understandability of 66.6% and actionability of 45.6%.
CONCLUSIONS: Videos uploaded by dental professionals lack sufficient educational value pertaining to the cost of occlusal devices. The videos demonstrated low reliability regarding the credibility of sources and poor understandability and actionability.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.10.022
Cureus. 2024 Nov;16(11): e73005

Quality of Information on Lip Tie in YouTube Videos: A Content Analysis.

Maya Raghavan, Erin M Gawel, Arunima Vijay, Michele M Carr.

  Objective "Lip tie" is a term that has become commonly used to refer to a prominent or short maxillary frenulum and is controversially associated with difficulties in breastfeeding. There has been a rise in the popularity of lip tie division without clear expert agreement on the indications and benefits of treatment. Our study aims to determine the quality of information on YouTube about lip ties. Methods A YouTube search for "lip tie" was performed in February 2023, and the top 50 English language results were viewed and evaluated. Viewer interest parameters, such as the number of video views, likes, and page subscribers, were recorded at the time of viewing. Information about video content was also recorded. The included videos were analyzed by two independent reviewers for quality using modified DISCERN criteria and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) scoring. Results There was a median of 12779 (IQR: 3129-31318) views, 86 (IQR: 17-262) likes, and 1950 (IQR: 462-38300) subscribers. Videos were available online for a mean of 3.72 years. Video authors consisted of 21 (42%) dentists, six (12%) United States (US)-based otolaryngologists, 12 (24%) YouTube influencers, four (8%) US-based MD/DO non-otolaryngologists, four (8%) lactation consultants, two (4%) laser companies, two (4%) myo-functional therapists, and one (2%) chiropractor. The total mean modified DISCERN score was 2.2 ± 1.0 out of 5, and the mean JAMA score was 1.8 ± 0.5 out of 4. Otolaryngologists had the highest modified DISCERN score, followed by dentists and non-otolaryngologist physicians. Non-otolaryngologist physicians had the highest mean JAMA score. Educational videos had a significantly higher mean modified DISCERN score than testimonials (p=0.007). Conclusions When parents refer to YouTube for information about lip ties, search results yield low-quality information overall. Most videos are from dentists and YouTube influencers in support of frenotomy, and this information may lead parents to seek unnecessary surgery for their children.

Keywords:  labial frenulum; lip tie; pediatric otolaryngology; quality assessment; social media

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.73005
J Cancer Educ. 2024 Dec 02.

Evaluating Online YouTube Videos for Cervical Cancer Brachytherapy Patient Education.

Sarah Keyes, Brandon Chai, Paris-Ann Ingledew.

  Cervical cancer remains the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, with brachytherapy an important modality of treatment. Patients often rely on YouTube for cancer-related information, yet few studies have evaluated these videos. This study aims to describe and evaluate YouTube videos available to patients relating to cervical cancer brachytherapy. YouTube was searched using pre-defined cervical cancer brachytherapy search terms in January, 2023. Videos were sorted by relevance and the first 50 videos from each search were collected. Duplicates were removed and exclusion criteria applied. Videos were evaluated for general parameters, source information, and content. Descriptive analyses were carried out. 47 unique videos were included in the analysis. Around half of videos were published within 3 years of the search date. Median video length was 4 min and 42 s. Commonly, videos were published in the USA (55%). Two-thirds of videos were aimed towards a patient audience. Overall, the content of 40% of videos related to cervical cancer, 94% related to radiation therapy including brachytherapy, and 51% directly related to the use of brachytherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer. Only 15% of videos overviewed the patient-relevant information of brachytherapy side effects. Some videos (13%) were advertisements and few (4%) contained grossly inaccurate information. Videos collectively presented an overview of the treatments for cervical cancer including brachytherapy, although few included pertinent patient-relevant information and some contained inaccurate information. Overall, this highlights the need for more clear, accurate, and patient education-focused online resources.

Keywords:  Brachytherapy videos; Cervical cancer; Patient education; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-024-02546-2
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2024 Dec 02. 1-6

YouTube as a Source of Knowledge for Childhood Glaucoma.

Mohamed M Khodeiry, Qais A Dihan, Taher K Eleiwa, Amr K Hassan, Mohamed A Hassan, Tom Kornhauser, Mohamed S Sayed, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality and reliability of patient-targeted videos about childhood glaucoma on the YouTube platform.
METHODS: On March 1, 2024, a search was performed on YouTube (www.youtube.com) using the keywords "Infantile glaucoma," "childhood glaucoma," "paediatric glaucoma," "congenital glaucoma," "juvenile glaucoma," "buphthalmos," and "pediatric glaucoma." For each video, the time since the upload date (days), duration of the videos (minutes), number of likes, dislikes, and comments, the view ratio (number of views/time since the upload date), like ratio (likes × 100) / (likes+dislikes), view power index ([like ratio × view ratio] / 100), and upload source (whether it was uploaded by medical organization versus uploaded by patients or commercial organization) were recorded. Two independent reviewers blindly evaluated the patient-targeted videos using DISCERN, the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), and the Global Quality Score (GQS) criteria.
RESULTS: Twenty-five videos were analyzed, and 19 (64%) of them were uploaded by physicians or medical organizations. The overall median (interquartile range) scores for DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS criteria were 2.5 (1.8 to 3.0), 2.5 (2.0 to 2.5), and 3.5 (2.5 to 4.0), respectively. No significant differences in scoring were noted between the two reviewers. The duration of the videos was significantly correlated with the GQS; however, no other video parameters were correlated to the quality scorings.
CONCLUSIONS: YouTube videos of patient education about childhood glaucoma were of moderate quality and reliability. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20241105-04
BMC Public Health. 2024 Dec 04. 24(1): 3375

Comparative analysis of NAFLD-related health videos on TikTok: a cross-language study in the USA and China.

Hongyu Wu, Jialun Peng, Shengwei Li, Xiong Ding, Tao Zhong, Qilong Zhai, Changjie Du, Jiajun Yuan, Can Cai, Jinzheng Li.

   BACKGROUND: The incidence of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in China and USA is extremely high and rising. TikTok has become a popular channel for medical information dissemination and we aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of NAFLD related videos on TikTok, in both its USA and Chinese versions.
METHODS: We analyzed the top 100 NAFLD videos on both the USA version and Chinese version of TikTok, a total of 200 videos, from which keywords were extracted and scored using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), modified DISCERN (mDISCERN), and Medical Quality Video Evaluation Tool (MQ-VET). Exploring the relationship between video quality and audience related factors, as well as ranking, through Spearman correlation analysis.
RESULTS: The mDISCERN scores of videos on the USA version of TikTok is higher than that on the Chinese version (P < 0.01), but there is no significant difference in the GQS and MQ-VET scores. The GQS, mDISCERN and MQ-VET scores of videos published by medical practitioners were significantly higher than those of non-medical practitioners (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between video quality and popularity indicators.
CONCLUSION: The quality of NAFLD related short videos on TikTok is acceptable, but the reliability is mediocre, and there is still room for improvement. The videos published by USA medical practitioners are more reliable than those of Chinese medical practitioners. The most concerned topic of both countries is diet. The TikTok recommendation algorithm may limit access to high-quality health videos, and further research on other platforms and languages is necessary.

Keywords:  Cross-sectional study; NAFLD; Social media regulation; TikTok; Videos

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20851-9
Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med. 2024 Dec 05.

TikTok as a Medium for Health Information for Facial Paralysis: A Social Media Analysis.

Grace Zhang, Hannah Kim, Valerie Stichert, Ayush Prasad, Tsung-Yen Hsieh.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/fpsam.2024.0190
PLoS One. 2024 ;19(12): e0315002

Social norms and maternal health information-seeking behavior among adolescent girls: A qualitative study in a slum of Bangladesh.

Md Ashraful Haque, Rabeena Sultana Ananna, Nayeem Hasan, Mst Farhana Aktar, A F M Zakaria.

Adolescent girls of reproductive age who actively seek information on maternal health often tend to have better health-seeking behaviors and maternal health outcomes. Due to scant research on reproductive aged adolescent girls' maternal health information seeking behavior in slum, in connection with social norms, we aimed for this particular study. Adopting an explorative qualitative research approach, we collected data from purposively selected married and unmarried adolescent girls aged 15-19 of different occupation by implying 12 in-depth interviews (IDIs), 2 focus group discussions (FGDs) with the same categories employed for IDIs, and 2 key informant interviews (KIIs) with a traditional birth attendant and a drug seller. Furthermore, the data were subjected to thematic analysis. Care's Social Norms Analysis Plot (SNAP) framework was undertaken as an interpretative tool for data that was emerging rather than serving as the foundation for the study's conduct and design. Thematic analysis was followed to analyze primary data. Findings show that most girls rely on maternal health-related information from unverified sources, including family members, traditional birth attendants, and drug sellers, which increases health risks. The majority reported that adolescent girls need professional healthcare providers in their area who would work according to their work schedule as most of the girls are engaged in income-generating work for about 9-11 hours, and the scope of work (daily wagers) hardly supports 'leave with pay'. Therefore, there is a critical need for professional healthcare services tailored to the girls' work schedules. Social norms and stigma further restrict access to reliable health information, especially for unmarried girls. Socioeconomic disparities also shape health-seeking behaviors, with wealthier adolescents having greater access to formal healthcare services. Addressing these barriers is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes. The results might be useful for informed policy formulation and program design to ensure better health outcomes for marginalized adolescents.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315002