bims-librar 2024-05-05 papers

bims-librar

Biomed News

on Biomedical librarianship

Issue of 2024–05–05
twenty-one papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society

The historical development and current landscape of health library standards: A critical review.
Public libraries to promote public health and wellbeing: a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults.
Screening Automation in Systematic Reviews: Analysis of Tools and Their Machine Learning Capabilities.
Beyond disclaimers: The need for a curation-based model of PubMed.
How reliable is this research? Tool flags papers discussed on PubPeer.
Walking forward or on hold: Could the ChatGPT be applied for seeking health information in neurosurgical settings?
Letter to the Editor: How Does ChatGPT Use Source Information Compared With Google? A Text Network Analysis of Online Health Information.
Readability of Trauma-related Patient Education Materials From the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and Orthopaedic Trauma Association Websites.
How artificial intelligence can provide information about subdural hematoma: Assessment of readability, reliability, and quality of ChatGPT, BARD, and perplexity responses.
Investigation of the quality and health literacy demand of online information on pelvic floor exercises to reduce stress urinary incontinence.
Evaluation of the Quality and Readability of Online Information about Alzheimer's Disease in China.
Readability of Online Information for Parents Concerning Paediatric In-Toeing: An Analysis of the Most Popular Online Public Sources.
Does the Internet Provide Quality Information on Metoidioplasty? Using the Modified Ensuring Quality Information for Patients Tool to Evaluate Artificial Intelligence-Generated and Online Information on Metoidioplasty.
YouTube as a Source of Information on Air Pollution: Significance for Community Health.
YouTube as a source of information for cryptococcal infection: A cross-sectional study.
The Reliability and Quality of YouTube Videos About Isotretinoin Treatment and Suicide.
Myopia information on TikTok: analysis factors that impact video quality and audience engagement.
Evaluation of TikTok videos on acute pancreatitis: content quality and reliability analysis.
Exploring Digital Dermatology: An Analysis of Ichthyosis Content on TikTok.
Evaluating the Distribution, Quality, and Educational Value of Videos Related to Knee Instability Exercises on the Social Media Platform TikTok.
Instructional videos for parents/guardians of children with lip and palate clefts: integrative literature review.

Health Info Libr J. 2024 Apr 29.

The historical development and current landscape of health library standards: A critical review.

Marta De-la-Mano.

   BACKGROUND: Since the emergence of the first health library standards, a large body of literature has been published in this field, most often focusing on a particular standard, or set of standards. In the case of literature reviews, they have been usually partial and integrated into a broader study.
OBJECTIVE: Identify and analyse national health library standards developed in different countries worldwide over the past 70 years, tracing their historical development and current status.
METHOD: A comprehensive search of published literature was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, LISA, and Google Scholar up to May 2023. The reference lists and citations of retrieved papers were reviewed. After screening and eligibility, a total of 112 papers were included in the final selection.
RESULTS: More than 40 national hospital library standards published by a group of Anglo-Saxon and European countries were identified. In a chronological approach, the standards have been arranged by decades, from the 1950s to the present day, and the context of their appearance, their main contributions, and the relationships between them have been analysed. The major trends that have marked their evolution and development over time have also been established.
CONCLUSION: Standards have a key role to play in the important challenge facing health libraries today to demonstrate the high impact and value of their services in the functioning of their organisations and in improving patient care.

Keywords:  libraries, health science; libraries, hospital; libraries, medical; review, critical; standards

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12530
BMC Public Health. 2024 May 03. 24(1): 1226

Public libraries to promote public health and wellbeing: a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults.

Manisha Karki, Marie Line El Asmar, Eva Riboli Sasco, Austen El-Osta.

   BACKGROUND: Libraries in the UK have evolved from traditional book-lending institutions into dynamic community hubs, This study aims to explore the potential of libraries to act as community hubs to promote mental and physical health and wellbeing of community-dwelling adults, drawing on insights from both library users and library staff in England.
DESIGN: A mixed-method, cross-sectional study using online survey and interviews with community-dwelling adults and library staff.
METHODS: We collected data using a 14-item electronic survey and interviews with library users and staff to gauge perceptions. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to identify key trends and emergent themes.
RESULTS: We included 605 respondents from the survey and interviewed 12 library users and staff. Libraries remain popular and are considered a 'safe place by members of the community, regardless of their frequency of service usage irrespective of whether they are frequent users of services. However, a lack of awareness among library users about community-facing services could act as a hurdle to improving community health and wellbeing. Targeted engagement with residents is needed to increase awareness of libraries' services, including community interventions to help tackle loneliness and inequalities in digital and health literacy. Library staff often did not feel involved in important decision-making. Various barriers, drivers and practical recommendations were identified to leverage libraries as hubs to promote community health and wellbeing.
CONCLUSION: Libraries already offer a variety of resources that directly or indirectly support the health and wellbeing of community-dwelling adults and young people. However, public awareness of these services is limited. As we navigate post-pandemic recovery, libraries can serve as platforms for community engagement, fostering resilience, mental health support and reducing social isolation. Recognising libraries' untapped potential can lead to healthier communities and improved wellbeing.

Keywords:  Community development; Health; Libraries; Library staff; Loneliness; Prevention; Public engagement; Self-care; Wellbeing

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18535-5
Stud Health Technol Inform. 2024 Apr 26. 313 179-185

Screening Automation in Systematic Reviews: Analysis of Tools and Their Machine Learning Capabilities.

Elias Sandner, Christian Gütl, Igor Jakovljevic, Andreas Wagner.

  Systematic reviews provide robust evidence but require significant human labor, a challenge that can be mitigated with digital tools. This paper focuses on machine learning (ML) support for the title and abstract screening phase, the most time-intensive aspect of the systematic review process. The existing literature was systematically reviewed and five promising tools were analyzed, focusing on their ability to reduce human workload and their application of ML. This paper details the current state of automation capabilities and highlights significant research findings that point towards further improvements in the field. Directions for future research in this evolving field are outlined, with an emphasis on the need for a cautious application of existing systems.

Keywords:  Machine Learning; Research Tool; Systematic Review Automation; Text Classification; Title and Abstract Screening

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI240034
Curr Med Res Opin. 2024 May 03. 1-12

Beyond disclaimers: The need for a curation-based model of PubMed.

Jaime A Teixeira da Silva, Helmar Bornemann-Cimenti, Timothy Daly, Jens C Türp.

  According to its own description, the biomedical meta-database PubMed exists "with the aim of improving health-both globally and personally." Unfortunately, PubMed contains an increasing amount of low-quality research that may detract from this goal. Currently, PubMed warns its users and protects itself from such problems with a disclaimer stating that the presence of any article, book, or document in PubMed does not imply an endorsement of, or concurrence with, its contents by the NLM, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), or the U.S. Federal Government. However, we are critical of a "disclaimer-only" stance and encourage PubMed to take further action against low-quality research being found and indexed in its database, and thus available for use. To address this problem, we offer two lines of reasoning to argue that PubMed should not function merely as a passive index of health-related research. Instead, we first argue that only trustworthy published research is able to further PubMed's goal of health improvement. Secondly, on the basis of surveys, we argue that researchers place a high level of trust in articles that are referenced in this meta-database. We cannot expect any one set of actors to ensure trustworthy content on PubMed, which requires collective responsibility among authors, peer reviewers, editors, and indexers alike. Instead, we propose a curation-based model that incorporates three mechanisms of collaborative content curation: open expert feedback on indexed content, journal auditing, and constant transparent reassessment of indexed entities.

Keywords:  accountability; content curation; errors; publishing quality; responsibility; transparency

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2024.2350612
Nature. 2024 Apr 29.

How reliable is this research? Tool flags papers discussed on PubPeer.

Dalmeet Singh Chawla.



Keywords:  Publishing; Scientific community

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-01247-6
Ibrain. 2024 ;10(1): 111-115

Walking forward or on hold: Could the ChatGPT be applied for seeking health information in neurosurgical settings?

Si-Yu Yan, Yi-Fan Liu, Lu Ma, Ling-Long Xiao, Xin Hu, Rui Guo, Chao You, Rui Tian.

  Self-management is important for patients suffering from cerebrovascular events after neurosurgical procedures. An increasing number of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted tools have been used in postoperative health management. ChatGPT is a new trend dialog-based chatbot that could be used as a supplemental tool for seeking health information. Responses from ChatGPT version 3.5 and 4.0 toward 13 questions raised by experienced neurosurgeons were evaluated in this exploratory study for their consistency and appropriateness blindly by the other three neurosurgeons. The readability of response text was investigated quantitively by word count and the Gunning Fog and Flesch-Kincaid indices. Results showed that the chatbot could provide relatively stable output between the two versions on consistency and appropriateness (χ² = 0.348). As for readability, there was a higher demand for readers to comprehend the output text in the 4.0 version (more counts of words; lower Flesch-Kincaid reading ease score; and higher Flesch-Kincaid grade level). In general, the capacity of ChatGPT to deliver effective health information is still under debate.

Keywords:  artificial intelligence; cerebrovascular disorders; health education

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/ibra.12149
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2024 Apr 26.

Letter to the Editor: How Does ChatGPT Use Source Information Compared With Google? A Text Network Analysis of Online Health Information.

Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/CORR.0000000000003101
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2024 Apr 25.

Readability of Trauma-related Patient Education Materials From the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and Orthopaedic Trauma Association Websites.

Diane Ghanem, Oscar Covarrubias, Ridge Maxson, Samir Sabharwal, Babar Shafiq.

INTRODUCTION: Web-based resources serve as a fundamental educational platform for orthopaedic trauma patients; however, they are frequently written above the recommended sixth-grade reading level, and previous studies have demonstrated this for the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) web-based articles. In this study, we perform an updated assessment of the readability of AAOS trauma-related educational articles as compared with injury-matched education materials developed by the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA).
METHODS: All 46 AAOS trauma-related web-based (https://www.orthoinfo.org/) patient education articles were analyzed for readability. Two independent reviewers used (1) the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and (2) the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) algorithms to calculate the readability level. Mean readability scores were compared across body part categories. A one-sample t-test was done to compare mean FKGL with the recommended sixth-grade readability level and the average American adult reading level. A two-sample t-test was used to compare the readability scores of the AAOS trauma-related articles with those of the OTA.
RESULTS: The average (SD) FKGL and FRE for the AAOS articles were 8.9 (0.74) and 57.2 (5.8), respectively. All articles were written above the sixth-grade reading level. The average readability of the AAOS articles was significantly greater than the recommended sixth-grade reading level (P < 0.001). The average FKGL and FRE for all AAOS articles were significantly higher compared with those of the OTA articles (8.9 ± 0.74 versus 8.1 ± 1.14, P < 0.001 and 57.2 ± 5.8 versus 65.6 ± 6.6, P < 0.001, respectively). Excellent agreement was observed between raters for the FKGL 0.956 (95% confidence interval, 0.922 to 0.975) and FRE 0.993 (95% confidence interval, 0.987 to 0.996).
DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that after almost a decade, the readability of the AAOS trauma-related articles remains unchanged. The AAOS and OTA trauma patient education materials have high readability levels and may be too difficult for patient comprehension. A need remains to improve the readability of these commonly used trauma education materials.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOS-D-23-00449
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 May 03. 103(18): e38009

How artificial intelligence can provide information about subdural hematoma: Assessment of readability, reliability, and quality of ChatGPT, BARD, and perplexity responses.

Şanser Gül, İsmail Erdemir, Volkan Hanci, Evren Aydoğmuş, Yavuz Selim Erkoç.

Subdural hematoma is defined as blood collection in the subdural space between the dura mater and arachnoid. Subdural hematoma is a condition that neurosurgeons frequently encounter and has acute, subacute and chronic forms. The incidence in adults is reported to be 1.72-20.60/100.000 people annually. Our study aimed to evaluate the quality, reliability and readability of the answers to questions asked to ChatGPT, Bard, and perplexity about "Subdural Hematoma." In this observational and cross-sectional study, we asked ChatGPT, Bard, and perplexity to provide the 100 most frequently asked questions about "Subdural Hematoma" separately. Responses from both chatbots were analyzed separately for readability, quality, reliability and adequacy. When the median readability scores of ChatGPT, Bard, and perplexity answers were compared with the sixth-grade reading level, a statistically significant difference was observed in all formulas (P < .001). All 3 chatbot responses were found to be difficult to read. Bard responses were more readable than ChatGPT's (P < .001) and perplexity's (P < .001) responses for all scores evaluated. Although there were differences between the results of the evaluated calculators, perplexity's answers were determined to be more readable than ChatGPT's answers (P < .05). Bard answers were determined to have the best GQS scores (P < .001). Perplexity responses had the best Journal of American Medical Association and modified DISCERN scores (P < .001). ChatGPT, Bard, and perplexity's current capabilities are inadequate in terms of quality and readability of "Subdural Hematoma" related text content. The readability standard for patient education materials as determined by the American Medical Association, National Institutes of Health, and the United States Department of Health and Human Services is at or below grade 6. The readability levels of the responses of artificial intelligence applications such as ChatGPT, Bard, and perplexity are significantly higher than the recommended 6th grade level.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000038009
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2024 Apr 30.

Investigation of the quality and health literacy demand of online information on pelvic floor exercises to reduce stress urinary incontinence.

Brydie Willburger, Zhuoran Chen, Kylie J Mansfield.

   BACKGROUND: Many women are embarrassed to discuss pelvic floor exercises with health professionals during pregnancy; instead they search the internet for information on pelvic floor exercises.
AIMS: This project investigated the quality and health literacy demand in terms of readability, understandability and actionability of information available on the internet relating to pelvic floor exercises.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analysis was conducted on 150 websites and 43 videos obtained from three consecutive Google searches relating to pelvic floor exercises. Websites were assessed for Health on the Net certification. Readability was assessed using a readability calculator, and understandability/actionability of website and video information was assessed using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) for Print or Audiovisual Materials.
RESULTS: Less than one-third (24%) of the websites were certified for quality. The median readability score for the websites was grade 9 and the websites and videos both rated highly for understandability and actionability. The median understandability score for the website information was 87%, and the median actionability score was 71%. The median understandability score of the video information was 95.5% and the median actionability score was 100%. The understandability and actionability of video information was also significantly greater than that for website information (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Clinicians could consider directing patients to video-based resources when advising online pelvic floor exercise resources for women during pregnancy, especially those with lower health literacy.

Keywords:  actionability; health literacy demand; internet information; pelvic floor exercises; understandability

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13830
J Alzheimers Dis. 2024 Apr 21.

Evaluation of the Quality and Readability of Online Information about Alzheimer's Disease in China.

Yili Chu, Qihui Xie, Rongrong Meng, Bing Leng, Zhenxiang Cao.

   Background: With the increasing popularity of the internet, a growing number of patients and their companions are actively seeking health-related information online.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the quality and readability of online information about Alzheimer's disease (AD) in China.
Methods: A total of 263 qualified AD-related web pages from different businesses, governments, and hospitals were obtained. The quality of the web pages was assessed using the DISCERN tool, and the readability of the web pages was assessed using a readability measurement website suitable for the Chinese language. The differences in readability and quality between different types of web pages were investigated, and the correlation between quality and readability was analyzed.
Results: The mean overall DISCERN score was 40.93±7.5. The government group scored significantly higher than the commercial and hospital groups. The mean readability score was 12.74±1.27, and the commercial group had the lowest readability score. There was a positive correlation between DISCERN scores and readability scores.
Conclusions: This study presents an evaluation of the quality and readability of health information pertaining to AD in China. The findings indicate that there is a need to enhance the quality and readability of web pages about AD in China. Recommendations for improvement are proposed in light of these findings.

Keywords:  Alzheimer’s disease; internet; quality evaluation; readability evaluation

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-231339
Cureus. 2024 Mar;16(3): e57268

Readability of Online Information for Parents Concerning Paediatric In-Toeing: An Analysis of the Most Popular Online Public Sources.

Sahil S Shet, Ben Murphy, Sinead Boran, Colm Taylor.

  Background Parents often access online resources to educate themselves on their child's condition. In-toeing, also referred to as pigeon toeing, is a common paediatric condition that has a variety of causes and is often a cause of concern for parents. With the increasing usage of the internet, parents of children with this condition may look to the web for answers. However, to be understood by the average adult, online health information must be written at an elementary school reading level. We hypothesised that currently available online resources regarding in-toeing would score poorly on objective measures of readability and understandability. Methods Patient education materials were identified via three commonly used online search engines (Google.com, Yahoo.com, and Bing.com). The terms "intoeing" and "pigeon toeing" were used for the search. From the top 50 search results, websites were included if directed at educating patients and their families regarding in-toeing. News articles, non-text material (video), industry websites, and articles not related to in-toeing were excluded. The readability was analysed using a specialised website www.readable.com to produce the following three scores: Gunning Fog Index (GFI), Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), and Flesch-Kincaid Grade (FKG). Understandability was calculated using the 19-point Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT). Results After removing duplicates, 84 unique websites were assessed for inclusion. A total of 48 websites and articles (57.14%) met the inclusion criteria. Of note, 23 articles out of 84 (27.38%) were excluded as they were intended for healthcare professionals. The means for the FRE, FKG, and GFI were 57.92 (±12.26), 7.92 (±1.91), and 9.35 (±2.36), respectively. Less than half of online resources had an FRE score at or higher than the recommended reading level for the general population. Mean understandability scores were 69.63% (±11.55%), with only 45.83% of articles being greater than the 70% requirement of adequate understandability. Conclusion Overall, online in-toeing educational materials scored poorly with respect to readability and understandability. Given the popularity of online resources in patient education, we should seek to improve this situation. Articles that are easier to read are thus more accessible to the general public and will aid in the shared decision-making process. Improved patient and parent satisfaction and overall standard of care can be expected.

Keywords:  femoral anteversion; in-toeing; metatarsus adductus; pigeon toeing; readability

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.57268
Ann Plast Surg. 2024 May 01. 92(5S Suppl 3): S361-S365

Does the Internet Provide Quality Information on Metoidioplasty? Using the Modified Ensuring Quality Information for Patients Tool to Evaluate Artificial Intelligence-Generated and Online Information on Metoidioplasty.

Milan M Hirpara, Luv Amin, Toni Aloyan, Najla Shilleh, Priya Lewis.

BACKGROUND: Public interest in gender affirmation surgery has surged over the last decade. This spike in interest, combined with extensive free online medical knowledge, has led many to the Internet for more information on this complicated procedure. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of online information on metoidioplasty.
METHODS: Google Trends in searches on "metoidioplasty" from 2004 to present were assessed. "metoidioplasty" was searched on three popular search engines (Google, Yahoo, and Bing), and the first 100 websites from each search were extracted for inclusion (Fig. 1). Exclusion criteria included duplicates, websites requiring fees, photo libraries, and irrelevant websites. Websites were assigned a score (out of 36) using the modified Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) instrument, which grades patient materials based on content (18), identification (6), and structure (12). ChatGPT was also queried for metoidioplasty-related information and responses were analyzed using EQIP.
RESULTS: Google Trends analysis indicated relative search interest in "metoidioplasty" has more than quadrupled since 2013(Fig. 2). Of the 93 websites included, only 2 received an EQIP score greater than 27 (6%). Website scores ranged from 7 to 33, with a mean of 18.6 ± 4.8. Mean scores were highest for websites made by health departments (22.3) and lowest for those made by encyclopedias and academic institutions (16.0). Websites with the highest frequency were research articles, web portals, hospital websites, and private practice sites, which averaged scores of 18.2, 19.7, 19.0, and 17.8, respectively. Health department sites averaged the highest content points (11.25), and academic institutions averaged the lowest (5.5). The average content point across all websites was 7.9 of 18. ChatGPT scored a total score of 29: 17 content, 2 identification, and 10 structures. The artificial intelligence chatbot scored the second highest score among all included online resources.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the continued use of search engines, the quality of online information on metoidioplasty remains exceptionally poor across most website developers. This study demonstrates the need to improve these resources, especially as interest in gender-affirming surgery continues to grow. ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence chatbots may be efficient and reliable alternatives for those seeking to understand complex medical information.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000003797
J Community Health. 2024 Apr 27.

YouTube as a Source of Information on Air Pollution: Significance for Community Health.

Corey H Basch, Helen Yousaf, Joseph Fera, Charles E Basch.

  Air pollution is a pervasive global public health threat. The purpose of this study was to assess the content of 100 widely viewed English language YouTube videos on air pollution using the search term 'air pollution.' Content categories were created using comprehensive fact sheets and were coded as being present or not in each video. Cumulatively, the 100 videos sampled received 32,826,294 views and 303,692 likes, with averages of 328,263 and 3,068 respectively. The majority of videos (n = 72) were created by broadcast or internet-based news, 12 of the videos were created by professionals, 7 were created by a consumer and 9 were created by others. Three kinds of content were featured in a majority (> 50%) of the videos: "sources of pollution," "environmental impacts," and "solutions offered" and the videos covering each of these topics collectively garnered more than 26 million views and 249,000 likes. Independent one-tailed t-tests (α = 0.05) showed an association between covering sources of pollution and the number of views and likes. For both, videos featuring this content had a higher average number of views (467,391.08 vs. 80,924.03, p = .0383) and likes (4,450.78 vs. 647.03, p = .0383). Additionally, videos showing environmental impacts received more views than those that did not (547,901.49 vs. 80,585.43, p = .0373). This research can serve as a starting point to describe information being conveyed about an important global public health problem. Future research is needed to improve understanding about ways to utilize YouTube and other social media for public health education and advocacy to increase consumers' awareness and facilitate the informed decision-making process.

Keywords:  Air Pollution; Community Health; Social media; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-024-01360-7
Digit Health. 2024 Jan-Dec;10:10 20552076241249668

YouTube as a source of information for cryptococcal infection: A cross-sectional study.

Kaijun Liao, Zhiqiang Feng, Dongli Lu, Jianping Xia, Zhaochun Wu, Zhenghua Jiang, Kun Chen, Hongqiang Qiu.

   Objective: Immunocompromised individuals, particularly HIV patients, worldwide are at risk from cryptococcal infection. There are a number of videos of cryptococcal infection and more and more individuals may search these videos, but the quality of videos on YouTube is unclear. This study set out to assess the content and quality of YouTube videos regarding cryptococcal infection.
Methods: The keywords "Cryptococcus," "Cryptococcosis" and "Cryptococcal infection" were searched on YouTube. The videos were evaluated and graded by two impartial raters. A 14-point content score was used to categorize videos as bad, good or exceptional. The reliability and quality were evaluated utilizing the DISCERN instrument and a 5-point global quality score. Videos were then divided into groups based on uploading sources and content types.
Results: A total of 46 videos were located, and the ratings provided by the two raters were identical. Our scoring algorithm determined that 54.3% (n = 25), 32.6% (n = 15) and 13.0% (n = 6) of the videos were poor, decent and exceptional, respectively. Regarding quality, no difference was identified between the various video categories. The global quality scale, number of views, days posted, content score and DISCERN showed a significant positive relationship.
Conclusions: Professional individuals or healthcare organizations should be encouraged to submit high-quality videos for the expanding internet population, as only a small proportion of available videos had exceptional quality.

Keywords:  Cryptococcal infection; Internet; YouTube videos; cross-sectional study; healthcare information

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241249668
Clin Exp Dermatol. 2024 May 03. pii: llae166. [Epub ahead of print]

The Reliability and Quality of YouTube Videos About Isotretinoin Treatment and Suicide.

Sezin Ünlü Açıkel, Ahmet Kağan Özdemir, Selma Emre.

BACKGROUND: Seeking health information online has drastically increased. Isotretinoin is one of the agents used to treat acne.
OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to investigate the reliability and quality of YouTube videos related to acne treatment, which have been misconception to increase suicide.
METHODS: We used the terms "isotretinoin suicide" and "acne treatment suicide" to search YouTube videos. Videos that were not in English, irrelevant, or devoid of audio were not included. The information in the videos was primarily categorized as reliable or unreliable based on its scientific validation. DISCERN and the Global Quality Score were used to evaluate the videos' overall quality.
RESULTS: 200 videos in total were examined. 112 videos were included in the study. 39 videos (34.8 %) were found to be reliable, and 73 videos (65.2%) were found to be unreliable. DISCERN values of videos uploaded by physicians or professional organizations and health information websites were found to be significantly higher. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between DISCERN score and video length and the length of time the video was on YOUTUBE, while a positive correlation was observed between DISCERN score and subscriber.
CONCLUSION: Although videos created by dermatologists have become widespread in recent years, it is still insufficient. Patient experience videos mostly contain information which does not reflect the reality and emphasize that isotretinoin increases the risk of suicide without evidence. As the number of dermatologists posting videos on YouTube increases, the chances of people accessing correct information will increase.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llae166
BMC Public Health. 2024 Apr 29. 24(1): 1194

Myopia information on TikTok: analysis factors that impact video quality and audience engagement.

Shuai Ming, Jie Han, Xi Yao, Xiaohong Guo, Qingge Guo, Bo Lei.

   BACKGROUND: TikTok is emerging as a vital platform for health information dissemination. Despite myopia being a global public health issue, the high-quality myopia information shared by health educators often fails to go viral. It is imperative to analyze the factors influencing video quality and popularity, especially from diverse perspectives of researchers, health educators, and audiences.
METHODS: TikTok myopia-related videos were retrieved using TikTok's default comprehensive search (DCS) and most liked search (MLS) strategies. Venn diagrams were employed to illustrate the relationships and commonalities between the two strategies across four sample sizes (top 200, 150, 100, and 50). Video metadata, including details such as creator information, production properties, upload time, video duration, and viewer engagement, were collected. Video quality was assessed using the DISCERN tool. Video content covering six aspects of myopia were evaluated. The impact of search strategies, video sample sizes, production properties, and myopia content on video quality and audience engagement was analyzed through single-factor or multi-factor analysis.
RESULTS: DCS and MLS retrieval strategies, as well as varying sample sizes, resulted in differences in audience engagement for myopia videos (P < 0.039), while The DISCERN quality scores remained comparable (P > 0.221). Videos published by healthcare professionals (HCPs) and non-profit organizations (NPOs) were associated with high-quality (P ≤ 0.014) but comparatively lower popularity (P < 0.033). Videos that reported contents of risk factors, management, and outcomes showed high popularity (P < 0.018), while longer video duration (> 60s) exhibited the opposite trend (P < 0.032). Content on myopia evaluation (P ≤ 0.001) and management (P ≤ 0.022) and video duration were positively correlated with higher DISCERN quality.
CONCLUSION: Videos created by HCPs and NPOs deserve greater attention. Rather than pursuing entertaining effects, professional educators should emphasize producing concise, and high-quality myopia content that readily resonates with the audience and has the potential to go viral on the platform.

Keywords:  Audience engagement; Information quality; Myopia; Public education; Social media; TikTok

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18687-4
BMC Public Health. 2024 May 02. 24(1): 1216

Evaluation of TikTok videos on acute pancreatitis: content quality and reliability analysis.

Tianyang Mao, Xin Zhao, Kangyi Jiang, Jie Yang, Qingyun Xie, Jinqiang Fu, Bo Du, Zehua Lei, Fengwei Gao.

   BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute digestive system disorder, with patients often turning to TikTok for AP-related information. However, the platform's video quality on AP has not been thoroughly investigated.
OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of videos about AP on TikTok, and the secondary purpose is to study the related factors of video quality.
METHODS: This study involved retrieving AP-related videos from TikTok, determining, and analyzing them based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted and compiled for evaluation. Video quality was scored using the DISCERN instrument and the Health on the Net (HONcode) score, complemented by introducing the Acute Pancreatitis Content Score (APCS). Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between video quality scores and user engagement metrics such as likes, comments, favorites, retweets, and video duration.
RESULTS: A total of 111 TikTok videos were included for analysis, and video publishers were composed of physicians (89.18%), news media organizations (13.51%), individual users (5.41%), and medical institutions (0.9%). The majority of videos focused on AP-related educational content (64.87%), followed by physicians' diagnostic and treatment records (15.32%), and personal experiences (19.81%). The mean scores for DISCERN, HONcode, and APCS were 33.05 ± 7.87, 3.09 ± 0.93, and 1.86 ± 1.30, respectively. The highest video scores were those posted by physicians (35.17 ± 7.02 for DISCERN, 3.31 ± 0.56 for HONcode, and 1.94 ± 1.34 for APCS, respectively). According to the APCS, the main contents focused on etiology (n = 55, 49.5%) and clinical presentations (n = 36, 32.4%), followed by treatment (n = 24, 21.6%), severity (n = 20, 18.0%), prevention (n = 19, 17.1%), pathophysiology (n = 17, 15.3%), definitions (n = 13, 11.7%), examinations (n = 10, 9%), and other related content. There was no correlation between the scores of the three evaluation tools and the number of followers, likes, comments, favorites, and retweets of the video. However, DISCERN (r = 0.309) and APCS (r = 0.407) showed a significant positive correlation with video duration, while HONcode showed no correlation with the duration of the video.
CONCLUSIONS: The general quality of TikTok videos related to AP is poor; however, the content posted by medical professionals shows relatively higher quality, predominantly focusing on clinical presentations and etiologies. There is a discernible correlation between video duration and quality ratings, indicating that a combined approach incorporating the guideline can comprehensively evaluate AP-related content on TikTok.

Keywords:  Acute pancreatitis; DISCERN; HONcode; Online health information; Public safety; Social media; TikTok; Video platform

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18708-2
Cureus. 2024 Apr;16(4): e57401

Exploring Digital Dermatology: An Analysis of Ichthyosis Content on TikTok.

Magda S Wojtara, Therese M Guinto, Dorcas K Adebogun, Olivier Uwishema.

  Background TikTok is among the most popular social media sites, and its utilization for health information is growing each day. The present study assesses the popularity and quality of the top 100 most-liked videos on TikTok tagged with "#ichthyosis." This study aims to do so by assessing contributions from physician, and nonphysician sources (such as from patients) to guide healthcare professionals interested in leveraging this platform for public health. Methodology A cross-sectional analysis of the top 100 most-liked videos tagged with "#ichythosis" on TikTok as of January 3, 2024, was conducted. The parameters assessed for this study include observable characteristics, content type, and whether the creator was a physician or nonphysician. The quality of the content was measured using the DISCERN scale. Results Based on these results, 14 of the top 100 videos were posted by physicians with 1,912,975 as the mean number of views. There were 86 videos posted by nonphysician creators averaging 2,675,341 views. Videos posted by nonphysician creators had a higher average number of views, number of likes, and number of comments but less average saves. Videos made by physicians and educational content had the highest average DISCERN scores, whereas nonphysician, awareness, and personal experience content had the lowest average DISCERN scores. Conclusions Physicians are deemed trustworthy, reliable sources of healthcare-related information on TikTok. This study emphasizes the importance of physicians continuing to provide reliable, evidence-based health information on social media platforms such as TikTok.

Keywords:  ichthyosis; patient-centered; skin disease/dermatology; social media education; tiktok

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.57401
Cureus. 2024 Mar;16(3): e57104

Evaluating the Distribution, Quality, and Educational Value of Videos Related to Knee Instability Exercises on the Social Media Platform TikTok.

Brandon D Rust, Elie Christoforides, Ambika Singh, Simon Wahba, Jashkumar Choudhari, Jackson Copper, Aidan Kaspari, Vijay Patel, Santiago Ortiz, Desiree E Ojo, Khavir A Sharieff.

  Introduction TikTok, a globally popular short-form video platform, offers a unique space for healthcare professionals to share advice, particularly under common conditions such as knee pain or instability. Despite its popularity, doubts persist regarding the reliability of medical information disseminated on TikTok. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of TikTok videos as a source of patient information on knee instability, recognizing the need for a comprehensive assessment of potential misinformation on this influential social media platform. Methods A search for "knee stability exercises" on TikTok yielded 448 videos, of which 187 met the inclusion criteria. These videos were categorized by source and evaluated using the Knee Exercise Education Scoring Tool (KEEST) and an information analysis questionnaire, DISCERN. Results General user videos (69.84%) had notably lower DISCERN scores than healthcare professional videos (29.1%) across all categories (P < 0.001, P = 0.282, P = 0.131, and P = 0.010). The DISCERN scores were inversely linked to video metrics (views, likes, comments, favorites, and shares). General user videos were largely of poor quality (66.4%), whereas healthcare professional videos spanned poor (61.8%), fair (28.2%), good (9.1%), and excellent (1.8%) categories. Both general users (12.31/25) and healthcare professionals (12.18/25) exhibited average quality according to KEEST standards (P = 0.809), with an intriguing inverse correlation between video popularity and DISCERN score. Conclusion Healthcare professionals demonstrated superior evidence-based content (DISCERN), whereas both groups were comparatively educated on treatment plans and effects (KEEST). TikTok's prevalent knee instability videos lack quality, proper sourcing, treatment risk information, and explanation. Moreover, popularity is inversely correlated with quality, and healthcare professionals appear to offer better evidence-based content. TikTok's role in healthcare highlights the importance of ensuring accurate information and implementing content quality regulations.

Keywords:  knee instability; orthopedic sports medicine; patient education; social media; tiktok

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.57104
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2024 Apr 25. pii: S0021-7557(24)00045-7. [Epub ahead of print]

Instructional videos for parents/guardians of children with lip and palate clefts: integrative literature review.

Débora Letícia Moreira Mendes, Lucas Gabriel Nunes Andrade, Davide Carlos Joaquim, Francisco Cezanildo Silva Benedito, Ana Caroline Rocha de Melo Leite, Virgínia Cláudia Carneiro Girão-Carmona.

   OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review literature from the past five years, focusing on the use of educational videos as a guidance tool for parents and guardians of children with lip and palate clefts.
SOURCE OF DATA: Conducted between April and July 2022, this integrative literature review was framed around the question: 'What is the evidence regarding the use of videos in health education for parents/guardians of children with cleft lip and palate? PICO strategy was used to develop the research. A literature search was undertaken across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Virtual Health Library databases. Of the eight articles included in this review, four were sourced from the PubMed database, with three published in 2021.
SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: The findings indicated that YouTube videos were moderately satisfactory and met the needs of parents or legal guardians to a partial extent. The majority of the videos analyzed in this review were characterized by a moderate level of informational content. One study particularly underscored that the content of these videos only partially satisfies the requirements of the parents or legal guardians of the children.
CONCLUSIONS: Nevertheless, such videos are considered viable alternatives for health education, offering numerous benefits yet facing challenges, primarily due to the scarcity of information on orofacial malformations.

Keywords:  Health education; Lip and palate clefts; Parents or guardians; Videos

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2024.02.004