bims-librar 2023-10-15 papers

bims-librar

Biomed News

on Biomedical librarianship

Issue of 2023–10–15
28 papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society

An Assessment of the Quality and Reliability of Gastric Botox Information Videos on YouTube.
Evaluation of YouTube Videos as a Source of Information on Hepatosteatosis.
The efficacy and reliability of English YouTube videos as a source of information for pregnant rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Youtube is an unreliable source of information about delayed ejaculation treatment.
Readability and reliability of online patient education materials about statins.
Content and quality of YouTube regarding women's health: a scoping review.
A Comparison of the Quality and Reliability of YouTube Videos Uploaded by Healthcare Professionals About Scoliosis in the Past Decade.
An examination of the content of diabetes websites targeting Arabic speakers.
Readability, accountability, and quality of burns first aid information available online.
An overview of the capabilities of ChatGPT for medical writing and its implications for academic integrity.
Qualitative Assessment of Vulvovaginal Health Information on Social Media.
Quality Assessment of Online Resources for Gender-affirming Surgery.
Readability and Content Gaps in Online Epilepsy Surgery Materials as Potential Health Literacy and Shared-Decision Making Barriers.
An infodemiology study on exploring the quality and reliability of colorectal cancer immunotherapy information.
Rhinoplasty and YouTube: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Quality, Dependability, and Reliability of Videos on Rhinoplasty.
Information quality of videos related to Helicobacter pylori infection on TikTok: Cross-sectional study.
The preferred IT sources and tools of Iranian people for accessing health information.
ASO Visual Abstract: Evaluation of Content Quality for Patients Searching YouTube for Videos on Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Peritoneal Chemotherapy.
Online for On Call: A Study Assessing the Use of Internet Resources Including ChatGPT among On-Call Radiology Residents in India.
Letter Regarding: Assessing the Readability of Online Education Resources Related to Neophallus Reconstruction.
Popular Contraception Videos on TikTok: An Assessment of Content Topics.
Retracted: Development Strategy of Intelligent Digital Library without Human Service in the Era of "Internet +".
Are paid tools worth the cost? A prospective cross-over study to find the right tool for plagiarism detection.
Verwendung und Nutzen des Internets als Informationsquelle für Erkrankungen und Therapien in der Dermatologie: Usage and benefit of the Internet as a source of information on disease and therapy in dermatology.
Erratum to "A documentary analysis of Victorian Government health information assets' websites to identify availability of documentation for data sharing and reuse in Australia".
De-contextual communication: Factors influencing usage intentions of metaverse technology in digital library services.
Large language models: Are artificial intelligence-based chatbots a reliable source of patient information for spinal surgery?
Impact of strategies to mitigate misinformation in diverse settings and populations: a protocol for a living evidence synthesis.

Cureus. 2023 Sep;15(9): e44747

An Assessment of the Quality and Reliability of Gastric Botox Information Videos on YouTube.

Suleyman Caglar Ertekin.

  Background and objective Intragastric botulinum toxin (Botox) applications have emerged as a novel endoscopic intervention method to treat obesity. YouTube stands out as one of the primary online platforms frequently utilized for accessing health-related information. In light of this, this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of informational videos about gastric Botox on YouTube. Materials and methods In July 2023, a comprehensive evaluation of gastric Botox information videos on YouTube was conducted by querying "Gastric Botox" on YouTube. A total of 70 videos were initially reviewed and 48 videos were meticulously analyzed by a general surgeon. Videos were categorized based on their sources and attributes and evaluated using standard scales like the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) score, modified DISCERN, and the Global Quality Scale (GQS). Results A total of 48 videos were assessed. Of these, 2.1% originated from academic institutions, 20.8% from private hospitals/organizations, and 52.1% from physicians. Videos by other healthcare professionals accounted for 2.1%, health information websites 12.5%, and independent users 10.4%. Video durations varied significantly across sources (p<0.001). Independent user videos had the highest likes/views. JAMA scores (p=0.009) and DISCERN scores (p=0.045) showed significant differences among sources. Academic institution videos had a median JAMA score of 4; independent users scored 1. As for DISCERN, academic videos scored the highest at 5, while independent users scored the lowest at 1.8. Conclusions YouTube is filled with healthcare information videos today. Although the quality and reliability scores based on conventional assessment methods might be moderate, we advise utilizing videos from academic institutions and reputable health information websites as primary sources to educate patients about gastric Botox.

Keywords:  discern score; gastric botox; jama score; obesity; youtube videos

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44747
Cureus. 2023 Oct;15(10): e46843

Evaluation of YouTube Videos as a Source of Information on Hepatosteatosis.

Duygu Tutan, Muhammed Kaya.

  Introduction Individuals frequently turn to YouTube as a source of information about their medical conditions and potential treatment options. Among the common ailments affecting the general population, hepatosteatosis stands out due to its severe consequences in the absence of proper treatment. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of hepatosteatosis-related videos available on the YouTube platform, and the secondary objective is to determine if there is a difference in video quality between videos uploaded by medical professionals and other sources. Methods The process of selecting videos for this study involved evaluating their relevance after conducting a search using the keywords "hepatosteatosis," "fatty liver," and "hepatic steatosis" on YouTube. This search was conducted on August 18, 2023. From the search results, we identified and selected the top 50 most-watched videos in the English language. These selected videos were then rigorously assessed for their relevance and content by three independent medical professionals. Additionally, various descriptive attributes of each video, such as the upload date, subscriber count, view count, likes, dislikes, and comments, were meticulously recorded in the dataset. To determine the quality of these videos, we utilized three evaluation tools: the DISCERN Score, the Global Quality Score (GQS), and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) rating scales. We have used the median±interquartile range (IQR), mean±standard deviation (SD), and the range of minimum to maximum values to convey descriptive statistics. The distribution was evaluated with the Shapiro-Wilks test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to identify relationships between variables. The association between quality indicators and data was examined using multiple regression analysis. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine significant differences between groups. A statistical significance level of 0.05 was considered significant. Results Our study revealed notable statistical differences in DISCERN scores when comparing videos uploaded by medical doctors to those uploaded by individuals without medical qualifications (p < 0.001). Likewise, in the comparisons between these two groups, videos created by healthcare professionals consistently demonstrated significantly higher quality scores in both the JAMA and GQS evaluations (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). This suggests that videos uploaded by medical professionals tend to provide higher-quality information on the topic of hepatosteatosis compared to those uploaded by non-medical individuals. Video length and comment counts were also found to be significant in the multivariate linear regression analysis and were predictive of the DISCERN score (p = 0.047 and p = 0.037, respectively). Conclusions The quality of information related to hepatosteatosis on YouTube varies significantly. Surprisingly, there is no noticeable difference in terms of views and popularity between helpful and potentially misleading videos. For individuals seeking reliable information, it is advisable to prioritize videos uploaded by medical professionals. Paying attention to the qualifications of the content creator rather than the video's popularity or view count is crucial when seeking accurate and trustworthy information on hepatosteatosis.

Keywords:  gastroenterology; hepatosteatosis; internal medicine; video quality; youtube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.46843
Clin Rheumatol. 2023 Oct 09.

The efficacy and reliability of English YouTube videos as a source of information for pregnant rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Burcu Yagiz, Belkis Nihan Coskun, Esra Yunus Halil, Ediz Dalkilic, Yavuz Pehlivan.

   OBJECTIVES: Online platforms are used by many patients to access health care information, but the quality and accuracy of information on these platforms are unknown. Our goal was to assess the quality and reliability of YouTube video content for pregnant rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.
METHODS: YouTube was searched on January 13, 2022, using the keywords "rheumatoid arthritis pregnancy," "rheumatoid arthritis conception," "rheumatoid arthritis fertility" and "rheumatoid arthritis breastfeeding". The top 200 videos were viewed. Two rheumatologists then categorized the videos into useful and misleading groups. Videos were excluded if they were irrelevant or duplicates. To assess the reliability and quality of the videos, a modified DISCERN tool and the Global Quality Score (GQS) were applied. Patient interaction was assessed using predictors of video popularity such as the like ratio, view ratio, and video power index scales.
RESULTS: A total of 54 videos were examined; the majority (51.8%) of them were uploaded by health information websites. A total of 94.4% of the videos were useful, and 5.5% were misleading. All three misleading videos were uploaded by patients. The GQS, the modified DISCERN score, and usefulness differed significantly by uploader source (p < 0.001 for both). According to the GQS evaluation, health information websites were the source of high-quality videos with more useful information and higher modified DISCERN scores. The GQS and modified DISCERN score had moderately negative (r = -.526, r = -.548, respectively) and very significant (p < 0.001 for both) correlations with the assessment of usefulness.
CONCLUSION: Almost all YouTube videos for pregnant RA patients were educational and useful. Similar patient interactions in videos with misleading and useful information showed that patients were unable to differentiate between videos based on video quality. Patients should be informed about the importance of video sources when viewing YouTube videos. Key Points • Most YouTube videos for pregnant RA patients were useful, were uploaded by health information websites and had physicians as the speakers • All misleading YouTube videos were uploaded by patients using their own accounts • In terms of patient interactions, there was no noticeable difference between useful and misleading videos • When dealing with a sensitive topic such as pregnancy, patients should be educated on the importance of video sources.

Keywords:  Breastfeeding; Fertility; Pregnancy; Rheumatoid arthritis; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-023-06780-9
Urologia. 2023 Oct 11. 3915603231204077

Youtube is an unreliable source of information about delayed ejaculation treatment.

Aykut Demirci, Halil Başar.

   BACKGROUND: Social platforms such as YouTube have become sources of information about diseases as they can be easily and rapidly accessed. However, this also has the risk of ill-intentioned content and misleading information.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability of YouTube video content about delayed ejaculation treatment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: YouTube videos were searched using the terms "delayed ejaculation," "retarded ejaculation," "inhibited ejaculation," and "anejaculation." Videos were excluded if they were not in English, were not related to the subject, or did not have audio and visual content. In accordance with the scientifically proven accurate information, the videos were separated as reliable (Group 2, n: 112) and unreliable videos (Group 1, n: 94). The groups were compared in respect of the video characteristics, and the scores obtained in the DISCERN-5, Global Quality Scale, the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool Audiovisual, and the Journal of the American Medical Association scales. Intraclass correlation test was used to evaluate the level of agreement between the two investigators.
RESULTS: Of the 1200 videos, 994 were excluded. No significant difference was determined between the Group 1 and Group 2 in respect of the median number of views [1672 (4555) vs 1547 (28,559), p = 0.63] and likes [10 (42) vs 17 (255), p = 0.07]. There was a greater number of videos in the Group 2 (54.4%) and the points obtained on the scoring scales were significantly higher than the Group 1 (p < 0.001). The videos originating from universities/professional organizations/non-profit physician/physician group were comprised the majority of the reliable videos (55.3%) and the unreliable videos had more content related to treatment (71.4%) (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Although there was a greater number of reliable videos related to the problem of delayed ejaculation, the content could be misleading and should be avoided by patients seeking treatment without consulting a physician.

Keywords:  Delayed ejaculation; Internet; YouTube; sexual dysfunction; treatment

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/03915603231204077
Am J Prev Cardiol. 2023 Dec;16 100594

Readability and reliability of online patient education materials about statins.

Summer Ngo, Roshini Asirvatham, Grayson L Baird, Ashish Sarraju, David J Maron, Fatima Rodriguez.

   Objective: Statins are the cornerstone for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Patients often consult online patient education materials (OPEMs) to inform medical decision-making. We therefore aimed to assess the readability and reliability of OPEMs related to statins.
Methods: A total of 17 statin-related terms were queried using an online search engine to identify the top 20 search results for each statin-related term. Each OPEM was then grouped into the following categories based on 2 independent reviewers: government OPEMs (national, state, or local government agencies); healthcare/nonprofit OPEMs (major health systems and nonprofit organizations with a specific cardiovascular health focus); industry/commercial OPEMs (pharmaceutical manufacturers and online pharmacies); lay press OPEMs (healthcare-oriented news organizations); and dictionary/encyclopedia OPEMs. Grade-level readability for each OPEM was calculated using 5 standard readability metrics and compared with AMA-recommended readability recommendations. Reliability of each OPEM was evaluated using the JAMA benchmark criteria for online health information and certification from Health on the Net (HONCode).
Results: A total of 340 websites were identified across the 17 statin search terms. There were 211 statin OPEMs after excluding non-OPEM results; 172 OPEMs had unique content. Statin OPEM readability exceeded the recommended 6th grade AMA reading level (average reading grade level of 10.9). The average JAMA benchmark criteria score was 2.13 (on a scale of 0-4, with higher scores indicating higher reliability), and only 60% of statin OPEMs were HONCode-certified. There was an inverse association between readability and reliability. The most readable results were from industry and commercial sources, while the most reliable sites were from lay press sources.
Conclusions: Statin OPEMs are written at an overall averaging reading grade level of 10.9. There was an inverse association between readability and reliability. Lack of accessible, high-quality online health information may contribute to statin nonadherence.

Keywords:  Health education; Health literacy; Online patient education material; Readability; Reliability; Statins

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2023.100594
Korean J Women Health Nurs. 2023 Sep;29(3): 179-189

Content and quality of YouTube regarding women's health: a scoping review.

Jin Hyeon Kim, Hyun Kyoung Kim.

   PURPOSE: This scoping review investigated the content and quality of YouTube videos on women's health.
METHODS: A literature search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, ERIC, and RISS databases was performed using the keywords "('youtube'/exp OR youtube OR 'social media'/ exp OR 'social media' OR (('social'/exp OR social) AND ('media'/exp OR media))) AND ('female health care' OR (('female'/exp OR female) AND ('health'/exp OR health) AND ('care'/exp OR care)))" from February 21 to 27, 2023. Peer-reviewed analytic studies in English or Korean that focused on women's health using YouTube were included.
RESULTS: The review identified 21 articles that covered various themes related to women's health, such as breast cancer, urinary disease, sexual health, pelvic organ prolapse, the human papillomavirus vaccine, Papanikolaou smears, contraception, women's health information during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, obstetric epidural anesthesia, and placenta accreta. However, the overall quality of the content was low, inaccurate, unreliable, and misleading.
CONCLUSION: This scoping review demonstrated that YouTube videos on women's health covered diverse topics, but the quality of the content needed improvement. More reliable and high-quality videos produced by academic institutes and healthcare professionals specializing in women's health are needed for social media to be usable as a reliable source of women's health information. The high number of views and shares received by the videos underscores the importance of providing accurate and reliable information on women's health.

Keywords:   Review; Social networking; Women’s health; Information sources

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2023.08.19
Cureus. 2023 Sep;15(9): e44830

A Comparison of the Quality and Reliability of YouTube Videos Uploaded by Healthcare Professionals About Scoliosis in the Past Decade.

Cigdem Cinar.

   INTRODUCTION: Internet-based medical education plays a crucial role in bolstering public health awareness and the competence of medical professionals; however, it must be dependable. We aimed to examine the quality and reliability of the videos uploaded to YouTube (YouTube, LLC, San Bruno, California, United States) by professional healthcare professionals about scoliosis from 2014 to 2023.
METHODS: The study was performed between August 1 and August 15, 2023. The keywords 'scoliosis', 'scoliosis-kyphosis brace', 'scoliosis exercises', 'scoliosis surgeries', and 'scoliosis-kyphosis exercises' were searched on YouTube. Only YouTube videos uploaded by healthcare professionals between January 1, 2014, and July 31, 2023, and only videos in the English language were examined. Video characteristics were evaluated and recorded for all videos. The quality and reliability of videos were assessed with two different questionnaire scales including the modified DISCERN score and the Global Quality Score (GQS).
RESULTS: The mean number of views per video was 3778 in videos uploaded between 2014 and 2018, and 3120 in videos uploaded between 2019 and 2023 (p= 0.004). Video length and number of likes were statistically significantly lower in the videos of the last five years (p=0.001, and p=0.001). Thirty-one percent of the professional videos uploaded between 2014 and 2018 were directed at healthcare professionals. This rate was 12% in the last five years and was statistically significantly lower (p=0.001). The DISCERN score average was 3.7 between 2014 and 2018 and it was 3.2 between 2019 and 2023 (p=0.001). Similarly, the mean GQS was statistically significantly higher in the last five years compared to the five years prior (3.8 vs. 3.3, p=0.001).
CONCLUSION: The present study determined that the quality and reliability of YouTube videos about scoliosis significantly increased in the last five years compared to the previous five years with a significant decrease in video duration. Also, among videos uploaded in the last five years, the number of videos for the patient was significantly higher. In contrast, the 'like' and 'view' numbers were significantly lower in YouTube videos about scoliosis in the last five years.

Keywords:  discern score; gqs; scoliosis; videos; youtube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44830
Int J Med Inform. 2023 Oct 04. pii: S1386-5056(23)00260-5. [Epub ahead of print]179 105242

An examination of the content of diabetes websites targeting Arabic speakers.

Obead Alhadreti.

   BACKGROUND: There has been an increase in the numbers of people in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region seeking online information about diabetes, as the Internet is considered a helpful tool for finding information about disease prevention and treatment. It is important that the sources available are reliable, trustworthy and easily accessible. However, the quality and readability of such information is questionable. This study examines the content of Arabic diabetes websites and offers recommendations to improve engagement and access to health information.
METHODS: This study employed a cross-sectional analysis approach to assess diabetes websites targeting Arabic speakers in the MENA countries. Google trends was utilized to reveal the top searched topics across the MENA region, which were used as search terms to identify the websites in search engines, resulting in the examination of 26 websites. The analysis combined automated tools with expert evaluation methods and involved five dimensions: quality, readability, engagement, popularity, and availability.
RESULTS: Overall, the majority of the websites performed poorly in the five dimensions and thus require careful reassessment of their content, design, and readability; no website performed well in all dimensions. Only two websites (7.6%) were HONcode certified, and none of the websites achieved a high score in the DISCERN analysis. The readability scores indicated that most websites were above the recommended level of reading. The results also revealed that all websites had poor engagement. Half of the websites had good ranking, and 58% of the websites covered all of the target topics. Of the websites examined, the non-commercial and non-professional sites (classified as "others") seem to have greater readability, higher bounce rates and longer visit duration than the commercial sites.
CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study show a need for improving the content of diabetes information websites available to Arabic speakers. In order to develop websites that contain easy-to-read and understand high-quality information, collaboration between multiple stakeholders is necessary.

Keywords:  Arabic; Content evaluation; Diabetes websites

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105242
Burns. 2023 Mar 11. pii: S0305-4179(23)00041-4. [Epub ahead of print]

Readability, accountability, and quality of burns first aid information available online.

Alexander J Baldwin.

   AIM: To assess the readability, accountability, and quality of burns first aid information available online.
METHODS: The top 50 English language webpages containing burns first aid information were compiled and categorised. Readability was measured using five validated tools. Accountability was assessed using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks. Quality was evaluated using a scale based on previous literature.
RESULTS: Two (4%) webpages were judged to be at the target reading level using all tools. Median grade ranged from 4.6 to 9.6 (M = 6.9, SD = 1.1). One-sample one-tailed t-test determined that median grade was not significantly below the target grade of ≤ 6.9 (p = 0.314). Only seven (14%) webpages satisfied all the JAMA accountability benchmarks. No webpages fulfilled all 15 quality criteria. Mean quality score was 9.8 (SD = 2.4). Only 27 (54%) advised 20 min of cooling. One-way analysis of variance demonstrated that accountability was influenced by source (p = 0.01). Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed that accountability and quality had a positive correlation (r = 0.32, p = 0.02).
CONCLUSION: Much of the burns first aid information available online is written above the recommended reading level and fails to meet standards of accountability or quality.

Keywords:  Burns; First aid; Health literacy; Internet; Public health; Readability

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2023.03.002
Health Info Libr J. 2023 Oct 08.

An overview of the capabilities of ChatGPT for medical writing and its implications for academic integrity.

Huihui Liu, Mehreen Azam, Salman Bin Naeem, Anthony Faiola.

  The artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT, which is based on a large language model (LLM), is gaining popularity in academic institutions, notably in the medical field. This article provides a brief overview of the capabilities of ChatGPT for medical writing and its implications for academic integrity. It provides a list of AI generative tools, common use of AI generative tools for medical writing, and provides a list of AI generative text detection tools. It also provides recommendations for policymakers, information professionals, and medical faculty for the constructive use of AI generative tools and related technology. It also highlights the role of health sciences librarians and educators in protecting students from generating text through ChatGPT in their academic work.

Keywords:  artificial intelligence (AI); librarians, health science; libraries, academic; plagiarism; students, medical

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12509
J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2023 Oct 09. pii: S1083-3188(23)00403-5. [Epub ahead of print]

Qualitative Assessment of Vulvovaginal Health Information on Social Media.

Julia Bhuiyan, Jessica Addison, Areej Hassan.

   STUDY OBJECTIVE: Adolescents and young adults use vulvovaginal hygiene practices, products, and treatments. Access to social media platforms allows health information, including gynecologic care, to be easily disseminated and more accessible. Our objective was to characterize and assess vulvovaginal health information available on a popular video-sharing social media platform.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional analysis study, search terms related to vulvovaginal health were included to assess the top videos appearing on June 15, 2022. Descriptive statistics, uploader demographics, and content characteristics were recorded for each video. Information quality was evaluated using the DISCERN instrument.
RESULTS: 164 videos met study criteria with a combined total of over 500 million views, over 1.5 million shares, and nearly 60 million likes. Over 90% of videos consisted of educational content or product advertisements and nearly 70% of videos provided information on general vulvovaginal hygiene and health. 75% of videos were uploaded by private companies and non-medical individuals. The mean DISCERN score was 1.6 out of 5. Medical providers scored significantly better than other uploaders on 12 of 16 DISCERN items, and mean overall publication quality scores were significantly higher for videos created by medical providers than non-medical individuals and private companies (P<0.0001).
CONCLUSION: Social media platforms are a popular medium for vulvovaginal health information, accumulating over half a billion views within a short timeframe. Although medical providers had fewer shortcomings in their videos, the overall quality of health information shared was low with serious or extensive shortcomings.

Keywords:  Adolescent; Advertising; Consumer Health Information; Hygiene; Social Media; Vaginal Douching

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2023.09.005
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2023 Oct;11(10): e5306

Quality Assessment of Online Resources for Gender-affirming Surgery.

Charlotte E Berry, Alexander Z Fazilat, Andrew A Churukian, Darren B Abbas, Michelle Griffin, Mauricio Downer, Micheal Januszyk, Arash Momeni, Shane D Morrison, Derrick C Wan.

Background: As visibility of the transgender patient population and utilization of online resources increases, it is imperative that web-based gender-affirming surgery (GAS) materials for patients are readable, accessible, and of high quality.
Methods: A search trends analysis was performed to determine frequency of GAS-related searches over time. The top 100 most common results for GAS-related terms were analyzed using six readability formulas. Accessibility of patient-facing GAS sources was determined by categorizing types of search results. Frequency of article types was compared in low- and high-population dense areas. Quality was assigned to GAS web-based sources using the DISCERN score.
Results: Search engine trend data demonstrates increasing occurrence of searches related to GAS. Readability scores of the top 100 online sources for GAS were discovered to exceed recommended levels for patient proficiency. Availability of patient-facing online information related to GAS was found to be 60%, followed by information provided by insurance companies (17%). Differences in availability of online resources in varying dense cities were found to be minimal. The average quality of sources determined by the DISCERN score was found to be 3, indicating "potential important shortcomings."
Conclusions: Despite increasing demand for web-based GAS information, the readability of online resources related to GAS was found to be significantly greater than the grade level of proficiency recommended for patients. A high number of nonpatient-facing search results appear in response to GAS search terms. Quality sources are still difficult for patients to find, as search results have a high incidence of low-quality resources.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000005306
Epilepsia Open. 2023 Oct 07.

Readability and Content Gaps in Online Epilepsy Surgery Materials as Potential Health Literacy and Shared-Decision Making Barriers.

Namal U Seneviratne, Sophey Y Ho, Alexis Boro, Daniel J Correa.

OBJECTIVE: Epilepsy surgery is an effective albeit underused treatment for refractory epilepsy, and online materials are vital to patient understanding of the complex process. Our goal is to analyze readability and content inclusion of online patient health education materials designed for epilepsy surgery.
METHODS: A private browser setting was used on Google and Bing to identify the top 100 search results for the terms "epilepsy+surgery". Scientific papers, insurance pages, pay-wall access sites, and non-text content were excluded. The website text was re-formatted to exclude graphics, contact information, links, and headers. Readability metrics were calculated using an online tool. Text content was analyzed for inclusion of important concepts (pre-surgical evaluation, complications, risks of continued seizures, types of surgery, complimentary diagrams/audiovisual material). Comparison of readability and content inclusion were performed as a function of organization types (epilepsy center, community health organization, pediatric-specific) and location (region, country).
RESULTS: Browser search yielded 82 distinct websites with information regarding epilepsy surgery, with 98.7% of websites exceeding the recommended 6th-grade reading level for health information. Epilepsy centers had significantly worse readability (Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) p<0.01 and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) p<0.05). Content analysis showed that only 37% of websites discuss surgical side effects and only 23% mention the risks of continued seizures. Epilepsy centers were less likely to report information on surgical side effects (p<0.001). UK-based websites had better readability (FKGL p<0.01 and FRE p<0.01) and were more likely to discuss side effects (p=0.01) compared to US-based websites.
SIGNIFICANCE: The majority of online health content is overly complex and relatively incomplete in multiple key areas important to health literacy and understanding of surgical candidacy. Our findings suggest academic organizations, including level 4 epilepsy centers, need to simplify and broaden online education resources. More comprehensive, publicly accessible, and readable information may lead to better shared decision-making.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/epi4.12842
Digit Health. 2023 Jan-Dec;9:9 20552076231205286

An infodemiology study on exploring the quality and reliability of colorectal cancer immunotherapy information.

Hind Mohamed, Laura O'Malley, Dervla Kelly.

   Background: Immunotherapy is a new treatment modality which promises hope for advanced colorectal cancer patients. To our knowledge, no previous studies have evaluated the quality of patient information available on this topic online.
Objective: This study will explore the quality and reliability of colorectal cancer immunotherapy information using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) and DISCERN tools.
Methods: Design thinking methodology was integrated with systematic scoping reviews framework to inform our descriptive observational media analysis study. Google Chrome was used to run four searches using prespecified search terms selected according to the top patient concerns about immunotherapy. The first 20 relevant results were identified (n = 80) and then duplicates were removed. Descriptive narrative univariate and bivariate analysis was done for the relevant variables.
Results: The total of included websites was 17. Most websites score <3 points on JAMA and fair/poor on DISCERN. Most of the websites that score ≥3 points on JAMA and excellent/good on DISCERN have a charity affiliation. A total of 58.8% of the websites present the date, 41.2% demonstrate authorship, and sources are mentioned in 29.4% of the websites. Lack of content was noticed in providing the prognosis of patients if no treatment is given, clear aim and the effect of treatments on patient's quality of life.
Conclusion: Assessing the reliability of information about cancer treatments online remains a challenge. Further research is required to understand the patient perceptions and use of online information and whether it has an impact on their behavioural health outcomes.

Keywords:  Colorectal cancer immunotherapy; bowel cancer immunotherapy outcomes; colorectal cancer immunotherapy side effects; colorectal cancer immunotherapy treatment

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231205286
Cureus. 2023 Sep;15(9): e44804

Rhinoplasty and YouTube: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Quality, Dependability, and Reliability of Videos on Rhinoplasty.

Nadia Djahanshahi, Keval B Patel, Helen A O Popoola-Samuel, Faris Fayyaz, Akash R.

   INTRODUCTION: Rhinoplasty, also referred to as a nose job or a reconstruction of the nose, is a surgical procedure that alters and reconstructs the nose for aesthetic or functional purposes. With the emergence of social media and modern internet accessibility, YouTube has gained popularity among users of all ages. Despite this, the accuracy and credibility of these videos and the information they include could be cause for concern.
AIMS: This study intends to assess the competence, quality, and dependability of the information in the videos related to "Rhinoplasty surgery" on YouTube.
METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional observational study that analyzes rhinoplasty information on YouTube. A Google Forms questionnaire was used to collect the data. The Global Quality Score (GQS), reliability score, and Video Power Index (VPI) were used to assess quality and reliability, and statistical analysis was performed using IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. The inclusion criteria were videos ranging from 1 minute to 20 minutes in duration, pertinent to the topic of rhinoplasty surgery, and in either English or Hindi.
RESULTS: A total of 71 videos were analyzed, and 70 videos were included. A comparison of GQS, reliability score, and VPI based on the type of uploader was done by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The association between VPI, GQS, and reliability score with that of the uploader of the video was found to be statistically insignificant (p<0.05). Videos uploaded by healthcare organizations, news outlets, patients, or other relevant groups have the most GQS (4.5), whereas videos uploaded by hospitals have the lowest.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the type of uploader, videos have no statistically significant changes in quality, reliability, or video power, implying that the type of uploader does not necessarily impact the overall quality or reliability of the information presented in the investigated YouTube videos. While the majority of the videos addressed the indications of rhinoplasty and provided information about the etiology, there were gaps in discussing pre-procedural investigations and preventive measures. Due to our limitations, expanding the number of accounts used for search and increasing the number of videos might overcome the search algorithm.

Keywords:  rhinoplasty; rhinoplasty before and after; rhinoplasty journey; surgery; youtube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44804
Helicobacter. 2023 Oct 12. e13029

Information quality of videos related to Helicobacter pylori infection on TikTok: Cross-sectional study.

Wei Tan, Yilong Liu, Zhiwen Shi, Bainan Zheng, Lingmei Feng, Jian Wang, Xiaohang Wang, Zongli Yuan.

   BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) poses serious threats to human health. TikTok (Douyin in Chinese), a major social media platform focused on sharing short videos, has demonstrated great potential in spreading health information, including information related to H. pylori infection. This study aims to evaluate the content and quality of the information shared in TikTok videos about H. pylori infection in mainland China.
METHODS: We collected a sample of 116 videos in Chinese related to H. pylori infection from TikTok. Video contents were evaluated by the coding schema proposed by Goobie et al., and the Hexagonal Radar Schema was used to intuitively display the spotlight and weight of each aspect of the videos. The DISCERN questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of the videos.
RESULTS: We identified two major sources of videos related to H. pylori: individual users (n = 89) and organizational users (n = 27). Regarding content, the Hexagonal Radar Charts showed that more than 35% of the videos delivered moderate to high quality content (>1 point) in terms of definition, symptoms and management of the disease, whereas risk factors, evaluation and outcomes of the disease were less discussed. The DISCERN classification data showed that 0.9% of the videos were "very poor," 5.2% "poor," 68.7% "fair," 20.0% "good," and only 5.2% "excellent". Regarding total DISCERN scores, videos published by nonprofit organizations had the highest scores, followed by videos uploaded by health professionals.
CONCLUSION: Although the overall quality of TikTok videos related to H. pylori infection was medium, users should be careful when obtaining information related to H. pylori infection on TikTok and opt for videos uploaded by nonprofit organizations and health professionals.

Keywords:   Helicobacter pylori ; DISCERN; TikTok; information quality; social media

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13029
BMC Public Health. 2023 Oct 12. 23(1): 1986

The preferred IT sources and tools of Iranian people for accessing health information.

Farzad Salmanizadeh, Nazanin Jannati, Leila Ahmadian, Yunes Jahani, Mohsen Balouchi, Reza Khajouei.

   INTRODUCTION: People need health information to maintain their health. Despite the variety of sources and tools for providing health information, there is little evidence about Iranian people's preferences in using these sources and tools. The objective of this study was to identify the preferred health information sources, tools, and methods for presenting health information in these tools.
METHODS: This national survey was conducted among a sample of 4000 Iranian people between April and September 2021. The data was collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire (α = 0.86) consisting of four sections: participants' demographic information, current sources of obtaining health information, preferred information technology (IT) tools for accessing health information, and the method of presenting this information. Linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between demographic factors and other questions.
RESULTS: The participants received health information mostly from the "Internet" (3.62), "family or friends" (3.43), "social networks" (3.41), "specific websites" (3.41), and "mobile apps" (3.27). "Social networks" (3.67), Internet "websites" (3.56), and "mobile apps" (3.50) were the most suitable tools for receiving health information. The participants preferred the presentation of health information in the form of "Images" (3.85), "educational videos" (3.69), and "texts" (3.53). Age, education, and marital status had a significant relationship with most of the preferred information sources, tools, and information presentation methods (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that Iranian people are more active information seekers than passive ones compared to a decade ago. The preferred sources and tools identified in this research can be used by healthcare planners and policy-makers in Iran and other developing countries to design and develop IT interventions that meet people's needs. Improving access to the Internet, social networks, and mobile apps and providing health information via images, educational videos, and texts on these platforms enhance access to the information people need.

Keywords:  Health information needs; Health information seeking; Information sources; Information technology

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16334-y
Ann Surg Oncol. 2023 Oct 10.

ASO Visual Abstract: Evaluation of Content Quality for Patients Searching YouTube for Videos on Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Peritoneal Chemotherapy.

Huda A Muhammad, Haaris Kadri, Raja R Narayan, Byrne Lee.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-023-14369-4
Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2023 Oct;33(4): 440-449

Online for On Call: A Study Assessing the Use of Internet Resources Including ChatGPT among On-Call Radiology Residents in India.

Humsheer Singh Sethi, Satya Mohapatra, Chayasmita Mali, Roopak Dubey.

  Background The information-seeking behavior of the radiology residents on call has undergone modernization in the recent times given the advent of easy to access, reliable online resources, and robust artificial intelligence chatbots such as Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT). Purpose The aim of this study was to conduct a baseline analysis among the residents to understand the best way to meet information needs in the future, spread awareness about the existing resources, and narrow down to the most preferred online resource. Methods and Materials A prospective, descriptive study was performed using an online survey instrument and was conducted among radiology residents in India. They were questioned on their demographics, frequency of on call, fatigue experienced on call, and preferred information resources and reasons for choosing them. Results A total of 286 residents participated in the survey. All residents had used the Internet radiology resources during on-call duties. The most preferred resource material was Radiopaedia followed by Radiology Assistant. IMAIOS e-Anatomy was the most preferred anatomy resource. There was significant ( p < 0.05) difference in relation to the use of closed edit peer-reviewed literature among the two batches with it being used almost exclusively by third year residents. In the artificial intelligence-aided ChatGPT section, 61.8% had used the software at least once while being on call, of them 57.6% responded that the information was inaccurate, 67.2% responded that the information was insufficient to aid in diagnosis, 100% felt that the lack of images in the software made it an unlikely resource that would be used by them in the future, and 85.8% agreed that they would use it for providing reporting templates in the future. In the suggestions for upcoming versions, 100% responded that images should be included in the description provide by the chatbot, and 74.5% felt that references for the information being provided should be included as it reaffirms the reliability of the information. Conclusions Presently, we find that Radiopaedia met most of the requirements as an ideal online radiology resource according to the residents. In the present-day scenario, ChatGPT is not considered as an important on-call radiology education resource first because it lacks images which is quintessential for a budding radiologist, and second, it does not have any reference or proof for the information that it is providing. However, it may be of help to nonmedical professionals who need to understand radiology in layman's terms and to radiologists for patient report preparation and research writing.

Keywords:  ChatGPT; artificial intelligence; on-call radiology; resident education

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772465
J Surg Res. 2023 Oct 09. pii: S0022-4804(23)00438-9. [Epub ahead of print]

Letter Regarding: Assessing the Readability of Online Education Resources Related to Neophallus Reconstruction.

Georgios Karamitros.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2023.08.042
Contraception. 2023 Oct 04. pii: S0010-7824(23)00406-7. [Epub ahead of print] 110300

Popular Contraception Videos on TikTok: An Assessment of Content Topics.

Rachel E Stoddard, Andrea Pelletier, Emily N Sundquist, Maetal E Haas-Kogan, Bina Kassamali, Melody Huang, Natasha R Johnson, Deborah Bartz.

   OBJECTIVE: To explore the contraception content topics on the highly popular social media platform TikTok to understand this influential information source patients may bring into birth control counseling visits.
STUDY DESIGN: Utilizing a snapshot method, we collected the 100 most popular TikTok English-language videos for each of eight contraception-specific search terms. We abstracted video content topics addressed and creator attributes. Two independent abstractors coded each video with high agreement, with a third coder adjudicating discrepancies.
RESULTS: The final dataset included 700 unique videos with a total of 1.18 billion views, 131 million likes, 1.5 million comments, and 4.1 million shares. In these videos, the most common topics addressed were patient experience (n=365, 52.1%) and logistics of use (n=351, 50.1%). Health care professionals created only 19.3% of videos (n=135) but these videos accounted for a larger portion of the total video views (41.3%). Health care professionals largely made educational videos (92.6%) compared to 22.5% of videos coded as educational videos when made by perceived non-health care professionals. A small number of prolific video creators developed the majority of videos made by healthcare professionals, with 91 (67.4%) made by six TikTok creators.
CONCLUSION: TikTok contains highly accessible contraception content, which garners high viewership, especially when created by healthcare providers. Clinicians should be aware of TikTok's potential to influence patients prior to contraceptive counseling visits and recognize this platform as a public health instrument to disseminate contraceptive information to a key demographic.

Keywords:  TikTok; adolescents; birth control; contraception; health information; social media

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2023.110300
Comput Intell Neurosci. 2023 ;2023 9757085

Retracted: Development Strategy of Intelligent Digital Library without Human Service in the Era of "Internet +".

Computational Intelligence And Neuroscience.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/7892738.].

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9757085
Heliyon. 2023 Sep;9(9): e19194

Are paid tools worth the cost? A prospective cross-over study to find the right tool for plagiarism detection.

Abhishek Anil, Aswini Saravanan, Surjit Singh, Muhammad Aaqib Shamim, Krishna Tiwari, Hina Lal, Shanmugapriya Seshatri, Simi Bridjit Gomaz, Thoyyib P Karat, Pradeep Dwivedi, Shoban Babu Varthya, Rimple Jeet Kaur, Prakasini Satapathy, Bijaya Kumar Padhi, Shilpa Gaidhane, Manoj Patil, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Joshuan J Barboza, Ranjit Sah.

   Background: The increasing pressure to publish research has led to a rise in plagiarism incidents, creating a need for effective plagiarism detection software. The importance of this study lies in the high cost variation amongst the available options for plagiarism detection. By uncovering the advantages of these low-cost or free alternatives, researchers could access the appropriate tools for plagiarism detection. This is the first study to compare four plagiarism detection tools and assess factors impacting their effectiveness in identifying plagiarism in AI-generated articles.
Methodology: A prospective cross-over study was conducted with the primary objective to compare Overall Similarity Index(OSI) of four plagiarism detection software(iThenticate, Grammarly, Small SEO Tools, and DupliChecker) on AI-generated articles. ChatGPT was used to generate 100 articles, ten from each of ten general domains affecting various aspects of life. These were run through four software, recording the OSI. Flesch Reading Ease Score(FRES), Gunning Fog Index(GFI), and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level(FKGL) were used to assess how factors, such as article length and language complexity, impact plagiarism detection.
Results: The study found significant variation in OSI(p < 0.001) among the four software, with Grammarly having the highest mean rank(3.56) and Small SEO Tools having the lowest(1.67). Pairwise analyses revealed significant differences(p < 0.001) between all pairs except for Small SEO Tools-DupliChecker. Number of words showed a significant correlation with OSI for iThenticate(p < 0.05) but not for the other three. FRES had a positive correlation, and GFI had a negative correlation with OSI by DupliChecker. FKGL negatively correlated with OSI by Small SEO Tools and DupliChecker.
Conclusion: Grammarly is unexpectedly most effective in detecting plagiarism in AI-generated articles compared to the other tools. This could be due to different softwares using diverse data sources. This highlights the potential for lower-cost plagiarism detection tools to be utilized by researchers.

Keywords:  DupliChecker; Grammarly; Overall similarity index; Plagiarism; Small SEO tools; iThenticate

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19194
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2023 Oct 09.

Verwendung und Nutzen des Internets als Informationsquelle für Erkrankungen und Therapien in der Dermatologie: Usage and benefit of the Internet as a source of information on disease and therapy in dermatology.

Katja Grossschaedl, Christina Vallant, Marie-Therese Dernoscheg, Markus Richtig, Angela Öllinger, Galina Balakirski, Dagmar Wilsmann-Theis, Van Anh Nguyen, Georg Weinlich, Aikaterini Tsiogka, Peter Koelblinger, Joerg Scheffel, Erika Richtig, Georg Richtig.



Keywords:  Internet; patient education; survey

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/ddg.15199_g
Health Inf Manag. 2023 Oct 10. 18333583231208191

Erratum to "A documentary analysis of Victorian Government health information assets' websites to identify availability of documentation for data sharing and reuse in Australia".

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/18333583231208191
Heliyon. 2023 Oct;9(10): e20388

De-contextual communication: Factors influencing usage intentions of metaverse technology in digital library services.

Sri Sediyaningsih, Mohammad Pandu Ristiyono, Kani Launggu, Peter Ochieng Juma.

  This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the usage intentions of metaverse technology in digital library services within higher learning institutions, using the unified system information theory. To achieve this, an online survey was conducted among university staff and students, utilizing a link-scale measurement. Various factors affecting the usage intention of metaverse technology in library services were computed through transformation models such as UTAUT, DM, ISS, and TTF. Subsequently, the model parameters were empirically tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to identify the significant factors influencing the usage intention of metaverse technology. The results of the study reveal that users' intentions to use metaverse technology in digital library systems are influenced by perceptions of system use, perceived interaction, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. Notably, these influences vary depending on the user's intended task. These findings provide valuable insights into the factors that affect the adoption and usage intentions of metaverse technology in the context of digital library services in higher learning institutions. This research contributes to enhancing understanding and guiding future strategies for leveraging metaverse technology effectively in educational environments.

Keywords:  De-contextual communication; Digital library services; Metaverse technology; PLS-SEM; Unified system information theory

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20388
Eur Spine J. 2023 Oct 11.

Large language models: Are artificial intelligence-based chatbots a reliable source of patient information for spinal surgery?

Anna Stroop, Tabea Stroop, Samer Zawy Alsofy, Makoto Nakamura, Frank Möllmann, Christoph Greiner, Ralf Stroop.

   PURPOSE: Large language models (LLM) have recently attracted attention because of their enormous performance. Based on artificial intelligence, LLM enable dialogic communication using quasi-natural language that approximates the quality of human communication. Thus, LLM could play an important role for patients to become informed. To evaluate the validity of an LLM in providing medical information, we used one of the first high-performance LLM (ChatGPT) on the clinical example of acute lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
METHODS: Twenty-four spinal surgeons experienced in LDH surgery directed questions to ChatGPT about the clinical picture of LDH from a patient's perspective. They evaluated the quality of ChatGPT responses and its potential use in medical communication. The responses were compared with the information content of a standard informed consent form.
RESULTS: ChatGPT provided good results in terms of comprehensibility, specificity, and satisfaction of responses and in terms of medical accuracy and completeness. ChatGPT was not able to provide all the information that was provided in the informed consent form, but did communicate information that was not listed there. In some cases, albeit minor, ChatGPT made medically inaccurate claims, such as listing kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty as surgical options for LDH.
CONCLUSION: With the incipient use of artificial intelligence in communication, LLM will certainly become increasingly important to patients. Even if LLM are unlikely to play a role in clinical communication between physicians and patients at the moment, the opportunities-but also the risks-of this novel technology should be alertly monitored.

Keywords:  ChatGPT; Large language model; Patient information; Spinal surgery

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-07975-z
BMJ Open. 2023 Oct 12. 13(10): e076672

Impact of strategies to mitigate misinformation in diverse settings and populations: a protocol for a living evidence synthesis.

Misinformation Living Evidence Synthesis Team

   INTRODUCTION: Misinformation refers to inadvertent misleading information that the public may be exposed and share without intent to cause harm, and can delay or prevent effective care, affect mental health, lead to misallocation of health resources and/or create or exacerbate public-health crises. There are many strategies to address misinformation, but there is a need to evaluate their effects. Our objective is to synthesise and routinely update evidence to assess the impact of strategies to mitigate health-related misinformation in diverse settings, and populations.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search seven databases in May 2023 with planned updates at 6 and 9 months, which will be supplemented with searches for grey literature and reference lists of included studies and contacting experts. Two reviewers will independently screen all search results for studies that evaluate one or more approaches to addressing health-related misinformation. One researcher will conduct data extraction and risk of bias assessments, which will be reviewed by a second reviewer for accuracy. We will include experimental, quasi-experimental and observational studies for any populations, settings and diseases without language or publication restrictions. We will conduct quantitative analysis if meta-analytical pooling is possible. If pooling is not possible, we will synthesise quantitative data according to outcomes and interventions addressed, and present a narrative summary of findings disaggregated by sex and/or gender, irrespective of whether differences were found.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: There are no individuals or protected health information involved and no safety issues identified. Results will be published through the Global Commission on Evidence and COVID-END websites, in a peer-reviewed journal, as well as through plain-language materials.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023421149.

Keywords:  COVID-19; Decision Making; Health policy; Systematic Review

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076672