bims-librar 2023-07-09 papers

bims-librar

Biomed News

on Biomedical librarianship

Issue of 2023–07–09
twenty-one papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society

The NYU Data Catalog: a modular, flexible infrastructure for data discovery.
FAIR-Checker: supporting digital resource findability and reuse with Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web standards.
Fabricated References and a Blatant Lie - A Cautionary Tale About Using ChatGPT During Literature Search.
Artificial intelligence in systematic reviews: promising when appropriately used.
Exploring the Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Neurosurgery: Let us be Cautious With ChatGPT.
CAN CHATGPT, AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LANGUAGE MODEL, PROVIDE ACCURATE AND HIGH-QUALITY PATIENT INFORMATION ON PROSTATE CANCER?
Writing strategies for improving the access of medical literature.
Explainable online health information truthfulness in Consumer Health Search.
How Good Is Online Information for Patients on the Treatment for Luminal Gastrointestinal Cancers? A Comprehensive Evaluation in English and Spanish.
Comprehensiveness of online sources for patient education on hereditary hearing impairment.
The quality of online information on Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: can we do better?
The power of YouTube videos for surgical journals.
Is Arabic Information on YouTube About Erectile Dysfunction Based on Scientific Evidence?
'How to stop a nosebleed': a combined objective and subjective assessment of YouTube videos on first-aid management of epistaxis.
Exploration of Skin of Color Dermatology Content on YouTube.
Analysis of patient education materials on TikTok for erectile dysfunction treatment.
Evaluation of YOUTUBE videos on complementary feeding: Content quality and reliability analysis.
Quality and Reliability of Liver Cancer-Related Short Chinese Videos on TikTok and Bilibili: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis Study.
How Reliable and Popular are Trabeculectomy Videos on Youtube?
Exploring associations between eHealth literacy, cyberchondria, online health information seeking and sleep quality among university students: A cross-section study.
Trust and Access: Eye Information Seeking Practices and Preferences among Canadians.

J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2023 Jul 06. pii: ocad125. [Epub ahead of print]

The NYU Data Catalog: a modular, flexible infrastructure for data discovery.

Michelle Yee, Alisa Surkis, Ian Lamb, Nicole Contaxis.

   OBJECTIVE: Researchers at New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine contacted the Health Sciences Library for help with locating large datasets for reuse. In response, the library developed and maintained the NYU Data Catalog, a public-facing data catalog that has supported not only faculty acquisition of data but also the dissemination of the products of their research in various ways.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current NYU Data Catalog is built upon the Symfony framework with a tailored metadata schema reflecting the scope of faculty research areas. The project team curates new resources, including datasets and supporting software code, and conducts quarterly and annual evaluations to assess user interactions with the NYU Data Catalog and opportunities for growth.
RESULTS: Since its launch in 2015, the NYU Data Catalog underwent a number of changes prompted by an increase in the disciplines represented by faculty contributors. The catalog has also utilized faculty feedback to enhance support of data reuse and researcher collaboration through alterations to its schema, layout, and visibility of records.
DISCUSSION: These findings demonstrate the flexibility of data catalogs as a platform for enabling the discovery of disparate sources of data. While not a repository, the NYU Data Catalog is well-positioned to support mandates for data sharing from study sponsors and publishers.
CONCLUSION: The NYU Data Catalog makes the most of the data that researchers share and can be harnessed as a modular and adaptable platform to promote data sharing as a cultural practice.

Keywords:  data discovery; data management; data sharing; information storage and retrieval; medical informatics

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad125
J Biomed Semantics. 2023 Jul 01. 14(1): 7

FAIR-Checker: supporting digital resource findability and reuse with Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web standards.

Alban Gaignard, Thomas Rosnet, Frédéric De Lamotte, Vincent Lefort, Marie-Dominique Devignes.

  The current rise of Open Science and Reproducibility in the Life Sciences requires the creation of rich, machine-actionable metadata in order to better share and reuse biological digital resources such as datasets, bioinformatics tools, training materials, etc. For this purpose, FAIR principles have been defined for both data and metadata and adopted by large communities, leading to the definition of specific metrics. However, automatic FAIRness assessment is still difficult because computational evaluations frequently require technical expertise and can be time-consuming. As a first step to address these issues, we propose FAIR-Checker, a web-based tool to assess the FAIRness of metadata presented by digital resources. FAIR-Checker offers two main facets: a "Check" module providing a thorough metadata evaluation and recommendations, and an "Inspect" module which assists users in improving metadata quality and therefore the FAIRness of their resource. FAIR-Checker leverages Semantic Web standards and technologies such as SPARQL queries and SHACL constraints to automatically assess FAIR metrics. Users are notified of missing, necessary, or recommended metadata for various resource categories. We evaluate FAIR-Checker in the context of improving the FAIRification of individual resources, through better metadata, as well as analyzing the FAIRness of more than 25 thousand bioinformatics software descriptions.

Keywords:  Bioschemas; FAIR; SHACL; SPARQL; Schema.org

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-023-00289-5
J Card Fail. 2023 Jul 03. pii: S1071-9164(23)00231-2. [Epub ahead of print]

Fabricated References and a Blatant Lie - A Cautionary Tale About Using ChatGPT During Literature Search.

Moritz Blum.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.06.015
BMJ Open. 2023 Jul 07. 13(7): e072254

Artificial intelligence in systematic reviews: promising when appropriately used.

Sanne H B van Dijk, Marjolein G J Brusse-Keizer, Charlotte C Bucsán, Job van der Palen, Carine J M Doggen, Anke Lenferink.

   BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews provide a structured overview of the available evidence in medical-scientific research. However, due to the increasing medical-scientific research output, it is a time-consuming task to conduct systematic reviews. To accelerate this process, artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in the review process. In this communication paper, we suggest how to conduct a transparent and reliable systematic review using the AI tool 'ASReview' in the title and abstract screening.
METHODS: Use of the AI tool consisted of several steps. First, the tool required training of its algorithm with several prelabelled articles prior to screening. Next, using a researcher-in-the-loop algorithm, the AI tool proposed the article with the highest probability of being relevant. The reviewer then decided on relevancy of each article proposed. This process was continued until the stopping criterion was reached. All articles labelled relevant by the reviewer were screened on full text.
RESULTS: Considerations to ensure methodological quality when using AI in systematic reviews included: the choice of whether to use AI, the need of both deduplication and checking for inter-reviewer agreement, how to choose a stopping criterion and the quality of reporting. Using the tool in our review resulted in much time saved: only 23% of the articles were assessed by the reviewer.
CONCLUSION: The AI tool is a promising innovation for the current systematic reviewing practice, as long as it is appropriately used and methodological quality can be assured.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022283952.

Keywords:  information technology; statistics & research methods; systematic review

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072254
Neurosurgery. 2023 Jul 07.

Exploring the Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Neurosurgery: Let us be Cautious With ChatGPT.

Akash Mishra, Sabrina L Begley, Adrian Chen, Moontahinaz Rob, Isabelle Pelcher, Max Ward, Michael Schulder.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: ChatGPT is a novel natural language processing artificial intelligence (AI) module where users enter any question or command and receive a single text response within seconds. As AI becomes more accessible, patients may begin to use it as a resource for medical information and advice. This is the first study to assess the neurosurgical information that is provided by ChatGPT.
METHODS: ChatGPT was accessed in January 2023, and prompts were created requesting treatment information for 40 common neurosurgical conditions. Quantitative characteristics were collected, and four independent reviewers evaluated the responses using the DISCERN tool. Prompts were compared against the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) "For Patients" webpages.
RESULTS: ChatGPT returned text organized in paragraph and bullet-point lists. ChatGPT responses were shorter (mean 270.1 ± 41.9 words; AANS webpage 1634.5 ± 891.3 words) but more difficult to read (mean Flesch-Kincaid score 32.4 ± 6.7; AANS webpage 37.1 ± 7.0). ChatGPT output was found to be of "fair" quality (mean DISCERN score 44.2 ± 4.1) and significantly inferior to the "good" overall quality of the AANS patient website (57.7 ± 4.4). ChatGPT was poor in providing references/resources and describing treatment risks. ChatGPT provided 177 references, of which 68.9% were inaccurate and 33.9% were completely falsified.
CONCLUSION: ChatGPT is an adaptive resource for neurosurgical information but has shortcomings that limit the quality of its responses, including poor readability, lack of references, and failure to fully describe treatment options. Hence, patients and providers should remain wary of the provided content. As ChatGPT or other AI search algorithms continue to improve, they may become a reliable alternative for medical information.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000002598
Urology. 2023 Jul 03. pii: S0090-4295(23)00570-8. [Epub ahead of print]

CAN CHATGPT, AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LANGUAGE MODEL, PROVIDE ACCURATE AND HIGH-QUALITY PATIENT INFORMATION ON PROSTATE CANCER?

Burhan Coskun, Gokhan Ocakoglu, Melih Yetemen, Onur Kaygisiz.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence language model, in providing patient information on prostate cancer, and to compare the accuracy, similarity, and quality of the information to a reference source.
METHODS: Patient information material on prostate cancer was used as a reference source from the website of the European Association of Urology Patient Information. This was used to generate 59 queries. The accuracy of the model's content was determined with F1, precision, and recall scores. The similarity was assessed with cosine similarity, and the quality was evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale named General Quality Score (GQS).
RESULTS: ChatGPT was able to respond to all prostate cancer-related queries. The average F1 score was 0.426 (range: 0-1), precision score was 0.349 (range: 0-1), recall score was 0.549 (range: 0-1), and cosine similarity was 0.609 (range: 0-1). The average GQS was 3.62 ± 0.49 (range: 1-5), with no answers achieving the maximum GQS of 5. While ChatGPT produced a larger amount of information compared to the reference, the accuracy and quality of the content were not optimal, with all scores indicating need for improvement in the model's performance.
CONCLUSION: Caution should be exercised when using ChatGPT as a patient information source for prostate cancer due to limitations in its performance, which may lead to inaccuracies and potential misunderstandings. Further studies, using different topics and language models, are needed to fully understand the capabilities and limitations of AI-generated patient information.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2023.05.040
World J Exp Med. 2023 Jun 20. 13(3): 50-58

Writing strategies for improving the access of medical literature.

Pratishtha B Chaudhari, Akshat Banga.

  When conducting a literature review, medical authors typically search for relevant keywords in bibliographic databases or on search engines like Google. After selecting the most pertinent article based on the title's relevance and the abstract's content, they download or purchase the article and cite it in their manuscript. Three major elements influence whether an article will be cited in future manuscripts: the keywords, the title, and the abstract. This indicates that these elements are the "key dissemination tools" for research papers. If these three elements are not determined judiciously by authors, it may adversely affect the manuscript's retrievability, readability, and citation index, which can negatively impact both the author and the journal. In this article, we share our informed perspective on writing strategies to enhance the searchability and citation of medical articles. These strategies are adopted from the principles of search engine optimization, but they do not aim to cheat or manipulate the search engine. Instead, they adopt a reader-centric content writing methodology that targets well-researched keywords to the readers who are searching for them. Reputable journals, such as Nature and the British Medical Journal, emphasize "online searchability" in their author guidelines. We hope that this article will encourage medical authors to approach manuscript drafting from the perspective of "looking inside-out." In other words, they should not only draft manuscripts around what they want to convey to fellow researchers but also integrate what the readers want to discover. It is a call-to-action to better understand and engage search engine algorithms, so they yield information in a desired and self-learning manner because the "Cloud" is the new stakeholder.

Keywords:  Access; Citation; Impact factor; Key words; Medical Subject Headings; Search engine optimization

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5493/wjem.v13.i3.50
Front Artif Intell. 2023 ;6 1184851

Explainable online health information truthfulness in Consumer Health Search.

Rishabh Upadhyay, Petr Knoth, Gabriella Pasi, Marco Viviani.

   Introduction: People are today increasingly relying on health information they find online to make decisions that may impact both their physical and mental wellbeing. Therefore, there is a growing need for systems that can assess the truthfulness of such health information. Most of the current literature solutions use machine learning or knowledge-based approaches treating the problem as a binary classification task, discriminating between correct information and misinformation. Such solutions present several problems with regard to user decision making, among which: (i) the binary classification task provides users with just two predetermined possibilities with respect to the truthfulness of the information, which users should take for granted; indeed, (ii) the processes by which the results were obtained are often opaque and the results themselves have little or no interpretation.
Methods: To address these issues, we approach the problem as an ad hoc retrieval task rather than a classification task, with reference, in particular, to the Consumer Health Search task. To do this, a previously proposed Information Retrieval model, which considers information truthfulness as a dimension of relevance, is used to obtain a ranked list of both topically-relevant and truthful documents. The novelty of this work concerns the extension of such a model with a solution for the explainability of the results obtained, by relying on a knowledge base consisting of scientific evidence in the form of medical journal articles.
Results and discussion: We evaluate the proposed solution both quantitatively, as a standard classification task, and qualitatively, through a user study to examine the "explained" ranked list of documents. The results obtained illustrate the solution's effectiveness and usefulness in making the retrieved results more interpretable by Consumer Health Searchers, both with respect to topical relevance and truthfulness.

Keywords:  consumer health search; explainable artificial intelligence; explainable information retrieval; health misinformation; information credibility; information retrieval; information truthfulness; online health information

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1184851
J Cancer Educ. 2023 Jul 02.

How Good Is Online Information for Patients on the Treatment for Luminal Gastrointestinal Cancers? A Comprehensive Evaluation in English and Spanish.

Renato Beas, Cielo Cabanillas-Ramirez, Diego Izquierdo-Veraza, Andres Chapoñan-Lavalle, Dalton Norwood, Karina Sato-Espinoza, Adrian Riva-Moscoso, Isabella Ribaudo, Mirian Ramirez-Rojas, Azizullah Beran, Eleazar E Montalvan-Sanchez.

  The internet has become a necessary communication platform for health information. The quality of online material for patients varies significantly, and this is not different for material on gastrointestinal cancers. We aimed to assess English and Spanish online patient information addressing esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer treatment. Six independent Google searches were conducted using the terms: esophageal cancer treatment, gastric cancer treatment, colorectal cancer treatment, and their translations in Spanish. Websites were included in the top 50 results for each search. Readability was assessed using two validated tests for each language. Understandability/actionability, quality, and cultural sensitivity were assessed using Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT), DISCERN, and Cultural Sensitivity Assessment Tool (CSAT), respectively. Pearson's chi-squared was used for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank-sum (2 groups) or Kruskal-Wallis (> 2 groups) for continuous. One hundred twelve websites were analyzed. Readability levels were high in both languages (between 11th grade and university level) and significantly higher in English. Mean quality scores for English and Spanish were consistent with good quality. CSAT scores met the cultural acceptability with lower CSAT scores for gastric cancer treatment in English. Higher actionability scores were found in English for colorectal cancer. Also, there was a clear trend for higher cultural sensitivity and quality of Spanish material for gastric cancer treatment. Online patient information on esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer treatment, in English and Spanish, were at a readability level above the average literacy level and even significantly higher in English. Initiatives to improve online information on gastrointestinal cancer treatments are warranted.

Keywords:  Colorectal cancer; Esophageal cancer; Gastric cancer; Online health information; Quality; Readability; Understandability

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-023-02335-3
Front Pediatr. 2023 ;11 1147207

Comprehensiveness of online sources for patient education on hereditary hearing impairment.

Yaşar Kemal Duymaz, Ahmet M Tekin, Patrick D'Haese, Şamil Şahin, Burak Erkmen, Ahmet Adnan Cırık, Vedat Topsakal.

   Introduction: The present study aimed at investigating the readability of online sources on hereditary hearing impairment (HHI).
Methods: In August 2022, the search terms "hereditary hearing impairment", "genetic deafness", hereditary hearing loss", and "sensorineural hearing loss of genetic origin" were entered into the Google search engine and educational materials were determined. The first 50 websites were determined for each search. The double hits were removed and websites with only graphics or tables were excluded. Websites were categorized into either a professional society, a clinical practice or a general health information website. The readability tests to evaluate the websites included: Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid grade level, Gunning-Fog Index, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, Coleman-Liau Index, Automated Readability Index.
Results: Twentynine websites were included and categorized as from 4 professional societies, 11 from clinical practices and 14 providing general information. All analyzed websites required higher reading levels than sixth grade. On average 12-16 years of education is required to read and understand the websites focused on HHI. Although general health information websites have better readability, the difference was not statistically significant.
Discussion: The readability scores of every type of online educational materials on HHI are above the recommended level indicating that not all patients and parents can comprehend the information they seek for on these websites.

Keywords:  genetic deafness; hereditary hearing impairment; hereditary hearing loss; patient education material; readability assessment; sensorineural hearing loss

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1147207
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2023 Jul 06.

The quality of online information on Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: can we do better?

James A Nassur, Linsen T Samuel, Alexander J Acuña, Bridget Ellsworth, Atul F Kamath.

   INTRODUCTION: As patients increasingly utilize the Internet to obtain health-related information, the accuracy and usability of information prove critical, especially for patients and parents seeking care for relatively common orthopedic childhood disorders such as Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate available online health information regarding LCP disease. The study specifically seeks to (1) examine the accessibility, usability, reliability, and readability of online information, (2) compare the quality of sites from different sources, and (3) determine whether Health on the Net Foundation Code (HON-code) certification guarantees higher quality of information.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Websites from a query of both Google and Bing were compiled and scored using the Minervalidation tool (LIDA), an appraisal tool quantifying website quality, along with the Flesch-Kinkaid (FK) analysis, a metric assessing readability of content. All sites were organized based on source category [academic, private physician/physician group, governmental/non-profit organization (NPO), commercial, and unspecified] and HON-code certification.
RESULTS: Physician-based and governmental/NPO sites had the highest accessibility, the unspecified site group were the most reliable and usable, and the physician-based group was found to require the least education to comprehend. Unspecified sites had a significantly higher rating of reliability than physician sites (p = 0.0164) and academic sites (p < 0.0001). HON-code-certified sites were found to have greater scores across quality domains along with being easier to read compared to sites without certification, with significantly higher reliability scoring (p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: As a whole, information on the Internet regarding LCP disease is of poor quality. However, our findings also encourage patients to utilize HON-code-certified websites due to their significantly higher reliability. Future studies should analyze methods of improving this publicly available information. Additionally, future analyses should examine methods for patients to better identify reliable websites, as well as the best mediums for optimized patient access and comprehension.

Keywords:  Flesch–Kinkaid (FK) grade level; Health on the Net Foundation Code; Health-related information; Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease; Minervalidation (LIDA) tool; Perthes disease; Quality

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-023-04974-z
Surgery. 2023 Jul 05. pii: S0039-6060(23)00337-9. [Epub ahead of print]

The power of YouTube videos for surgical journals.

Ameera J M S AlHasan.

Surgical journals use videos for educational and promotional purposes. YouTube is a suitable social media platform for sharing videos of journal content. The Surgery journal experience on YouTube can be used to learn important information on the nature of video content, the measurement of performance, and the benefits and challenges of using YouTube to disseminate journal content. Video content can be created to deliver information and infotainment. The online performance of videos can be measured using various metrics on YouTube Analytics, including content views and engagement metrics. There are several benefits to the use of YouTube videos by surgical journals, including the dissemination of reliable information, language versatility and diversity, open access and portability, increased visibility for authors and journals, and the humanization of the journal interface. However, challenges also need to be overcome, including viewer discretion where graphic content is concerned, copyright protection, limitations of Internet connection bandwidth, algorithmic barriers imposed by YouTube itself, and violations of biomedical ethics.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2023.05.042
Res Rep Urol. 2023 ;15 261-272

Is Arabic Information on YouTube About Erectile Dysfunction Based on Scientific Evidence?

Meshari A Alzahrani, Muhammad Anwar Khan, Basel O Hakami, Abdulaziz Alahmadi, Mohammed Alzahrani, Faisal Alsaleh, Muath Almurayyi, Omar Safar, Mohammad Shakil Ahmad.

   Background: Online medical education is critical for public health literacy and physician efficacy, but it must be trustworthy. Although it has the potential to be a useful resource for medical education, users must be able to identify reliable content.
Objective: To assess the scientific quality of Arabic-language video content related to erectile dysfunction that is available on YouTube to learn what information our patients can handle online.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of the YouTube database was carried out to identify videos related to erectile dysfunction published in Arabic. The search was conducted using the following keywords: "Erectile dysfunction", "Sexual dysfunction" and "Impotence". Without a time, limit, the search was carried out until January 1, 2023. The quality assessment of the videos was done using the Kappa score.
Results: The videos in our sample had up to one million views (average 2,627,485.6), and the kappa index was 0.86 (p <0.001). Of these videos, 16% were considered scientific evidence-based (SEB), and 84% were considered not scientific evidence-based (NSEB) (p <0.001). The NSEB group addressed details concerning natural remedies, the Psychosocial sphere, and lifestyle, whereas the SEB group tended to be more concerned with physiopathology, etiology, endothelial dysfunction, diagnosis, psychosocial treatment, oral treatment, injections, or prosthesis.
Conclusion: On social media, misleading or incorrect information about erectile dysfunction is widely disseminated. This research may support urological and technical oversight and emphasizes guiding patients to the best men's health options.

Keywords:  Arabic language; YouTube; erectile dysfunction; internet; social media; videos

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S410127
J Laryngol Otol. 2023 Jul 06. 1-20

'How to stop a nosebleed': a combined objective and subjective assessment of YouTube videos on first-aid management of epistaxis.

Haran Devakumar, Bhavesh V Tailor, Victoria Perkins, Dimitris Ioannidis.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215123001184
J Drugs Dermatol. 2023 Jul 01. 22(7): 678-684

Exploration of Skin of Color Dermatology Content on YouTube.

Jason Patel, Ann Carol Braswell, Victoria S Jiminez, Michayla B Brown, Corey L Hartman.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of diversity in dermatology regarding skin of color-related content. This has negative implications for patients of color and continues to be a hurdle to providing proper care to these patient populations. As patients increasingly look to the internet as a resource to gain insight on dermatologic conditions and potential treatment options, the information presented must be accurate and informational. The goals of this study included identifying and analyzing skin of color-related dermatology content found on YouTube, characterizing the content creators, and comparing board-certified dermatologists’ content to that created by other YouTubers.
METHODS: A total of 23 dermatology terms associated with skin of color were searched on YouTube. The top 9 relevant videos for each search term were analyzed for views, comments, likes, and content creator classification. Each video was also labeled as being promotional or educational. The content creator and the content subject were also analyzed. Content created by board-certified dermatologists as well as physicians was then compared to content created by non-physicians. Statistical comparison was done using Mann-Whitney U tests and Pearson’s Chi-squared test where appropriate.
RESULTS: The most popular search term was dandruff while the least popular search terms were dermatosis papulose nigra, eczema, and central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. Of the total 207 videos analyzed (Figure 1), the majority of video profiles consisted of medical interest groups (77, 37.2%), whereas the majority of video subjects consisted of board-certified dermatologists (50, 24.2%). In contrast, the least common video profiles belonged to patients (2, 1%), and the least common video subjects were news media (2, 1%). When comparing board-certified dermatologists to all other classifications of content creators, there was a significant difference in views, comments, and likes (views P=0.0477, comments P=0.0324, likes P=0.0203). When comparing all physicians to all other content creators, there was a similar trend (views P=0.0009, comments P<0.0001, likes P<0.0001). Physicians were significantly less likely to include promotional content in their videos when compared to other content creators (P=0.0170).
CONCLUSION: Although skin of color-related dermatology content on YouTube is primarily educational, board-certified dermatologists are underrepresented as content creators on YouTube. It is pertinent that physicians continue to make content on YouTube and other social media platforms so that patients can have access to accurate yet salient information about their conditions. Patel J, Braswell AC, Jiminez VS, et al. Exploration of skin of color dermatology content on YouTube. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(7):678-684. doi:10.36849/JDD.6995.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36849/JDD.6995
Int J Impot Res. 2023 Jul 07.

Analysis of patient education materials on TikTok for erectile dysfunction treatment.

Yash B Shah, Jacob Beiriger, Sagar Mehta, Seth D Cohen.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is widely prevalent and has diverse management options which are poorly understood and accessed by patients. This cross-sectional TikTok study aimed to evaluate the quality of ED educational materials and define trends in healthcare provider content development. Three reviewers independently analyzed 50 videos. Variables of interest included author characteristics, viewer engagement, content accuracy, and video quality, understandability, and actionability. Quantitative analysis was performed using the validated PEMAT and DISCERN screening tools. A wide range of treatment options were presented among the 26 healthcare and 24 non-healthcare videos, including behavioral techniques, herbs/ supplements, dietary modifications, pharmacology, and interventions. Healthcare authors tended to focus on pharmacology and intervention, and when they did discuss behavioral, herbal, or dietary options, accuracy significantly exceeded non-healthcare authors (96.2% vs. 12.5%, p < 0.001). Although healthcare-authored videos were superior in accuracy and understandability scores (p < 0.001), they had low actionability and reduced user engagement including likes (1195 vs. 4723, p = 0.050) and bookmarks (114 vs. 839, p = 0.010). Our findings indicate that despite the availability of high-quality ED treatment resources created by healthcare professionals on TikTok, engagement and actionability remain alarmingly low. Furthermore, there is substantial, readily accessible misinformation produced by non-healthcare entities. Modernized medical education paradigms, communications research, and awareness may optimize social media as a public health tool.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-023-00726-0
Appetite. 2023 Jul 04. pii: S0195-6663(23)01746-4. [Epub ahead of print] 106766

Evaluation of YOUTUBE videos on complementary feeding: Content quality and reliability analysis.

Merve Azak, Nihan Korkmaz, Kadriye Şahin, Duygu Gözen.

  YouTube is an online platform that parents frequently use to access information on child health. Parents' watching YouTube videos to have information on complementary feeding requires evaluation of the videos regarding child health. This study which was conducted in descriptive design, aimed to analyze YouTube videos' content quality and reliability on complementary feeding. Searched by matching keywords "starting", "beginning", "introducing", "solid food", and "complementary feeding" through boolean operators in the English language on YouTube, on August 2022. The search identified 528 videos related to complementary feeding. Two independent researchers analyzed the content of 61 videos that met the inclusion criteria. The content quality of the videos was evaluated using the Checklist for Complementary Feeding (CCF), which was prepared by researchers in line with international guidelines, the reliability of the videos was analyzed using the DISCERN, and the content quality was evaluated using the Global Quality Score (GQS). Of the 61 videos included, 38 (62.3%) were informative, and 23 (37.7%) were misleading. The kappa value among independent observers was 0.96. The mean GQS, DISCERN, and CCF scores of the videos grouped as informative were significantly higher than the videos grouped as misleading (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of GQS and DISCERN according to the publication source of the videos (p = 0.033 and p = 0.023, respectively). The GQS and DISCERN mean scores of the Ministrial/Academic/Hospital/Healthcare Institution channel videos were higher than the mean scores of the Individual/Parents content channel videos. Videos on YouTube about complementary feeding have high viewing rates, but also videos that are low in terms of quality and reliability.

Keywords:  Complementary feeding; Infant; Online video; Solid foods; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2023.106766
J Med Internet Res. 2023 07 05. 25 e47210

Quality and Reliability of Liver Cancer-Related Short Chinese Videos on TikTok and Bilibili: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis Study.

Shusen Zheng, Xinyu Tong, Dalong Wan, Chen Hu, Qing Hu, Qinghong Ke.

   BACKGROUND: Liver cancer incidence has been increasing in China in the recent years, leading to increased public concern regarding the burden of this disease. Short videos on liver cancer are disseminated through TikTok and Bilibili apps, which have gained popularity in recent years as an easily accessible source of health information. However, the credibility, quality, and usefulness of the information in these short videos and the professional knowledge of the individuals uploading health information-based videos in these platforms have not yet been evaluated.
OBJECTIVE: Our study aims to assess the quality of the information in Chinese short videos on liver cancer shared on the TikTok and Bilibili short video-sharing platforms.
METHODS: In March 2023, we assessed the top 100 Chinese short videos on liver cancer in TikTok and Bilibili (200 videos in total) for their information quality and reliability by using 2 rating tools, namely, global quality score (GQS) and the DISCERN instrument. Correlation and Poisson regression analyses were applied to discuss the factors that could impact video quality.
RESULTS: Compared to Bilibili, TikTok is more popular, although the length of the videos on TikTok is shorter than that of the videos on Bilibili (P<.001). The quality of the short videos on liver cancer in TikTok and Bilibili was not satisfactory, with median GQS of 3 (IQR 2-4) and 2 (IQR 1-5) and median DISCERN scores of 5 (IQR 4-6) and 4 (IQR 2-7), respectively. In general, the quality of videos sourced from professional institutions and individuals was better than that of those sourced from nonprofessionals, and videos involving disease-related knowledge were of better quality than those covering news and reports. No significant differences were found in the quality of videos uploaded by individuals from different professions, with the exception of those uploaded by traditional Chinese medicine professionals, which demonstrated poorer quality. Only video shares were positively correlated with the GQS (r=0.17, P=.01), and no video variables could predict the video quality.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that the quality of short videos on health information related to liver cancer is poor on Bilibili and TikTok, but videos uploaded by health care professionals can be considered reliable in terms of comprehensiveness and content quality. Thus, short videos providing medical information on TikTok and Bilibili must be carefully considered for scientific soundness by active information seekers before they make decisions on their health care management.

Keywords:  Bilibili; DISCERN; GQS; TikTok; global quality score; information quality; liver cancer; reliability; short videos; social media

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2196/47210
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jul-Sep;29(3):29(3): 141-146

How Reliable and Popular are Trabeculectomy Videos on Youtube?

Saadet G Irgat, Mehmet S Oruç, Fatih Özcura.

   PURPOSE: Evaluating the quality, dependability, and popularity of YouTube videos about trabeculectomy.
METHODS: A simulated user search for trabeculectomy videos on YouTube was conducted using the keywords "trabeculectomy, trabeculectomy surgery for glaucoma, and trabeculectomy surgery." Hundred out of the one hundred and fifty videos met the criteria and were analyzed. To assess quality and reliability, each video was evaluated by two independent reviewers using the DISCERN (scale, 1-5), Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA; scale, 0-4), and Global Quality (GQ; scale, 1-5) criteria. The popularity of the videos was evaluated by Video Power Index (VPI). Videos were further classified into three groups based on the source of their upload.
RESULTS: Of the 100 analyzed videos, 50 were uploaded to the system by doctors, 40 by health institutions and 10 by patients. Fifty-seven percent are videos with surgical content. The mean DISCERN score was 44.84 ± 8.14 the mean JAMA score was 2.08 ± 0.67, and the mean Global Quality score was 2.02 ± 0.72. Although some videos provided adequate information, the majority of the videos were rated as fair. While the DISCERN, JAMA, GQS scores were statistically higher in videos uploaded by doctors than in videos uploaded by patients (P < 0.01), VPI was higher in videos uploaded by patients (P = 0.003). Nonsurgical videos had the highest rate of likes and comments (P < 0.05). No substantial difference in scoring was observed between the 2 independent reviewers (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Videos with high popularity had low information quality and reliability. This situation presupposes video sharing in a more understandable language for patients.

Keywords:  DISCERN; GQS; Journal of the American Medical Association; YouTube; glaucoma; trabeculectomy

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4103/meajo.meajo_86_22
Heliyon. 2023 Jun;9(6): e17521

Exploring associations between eHealth literacy, cyberchondria, online health information seeking and sleep quality among university students: A cross-section study.

Xinhong Zhu, Taoyun Zheng, Linlin Ding, Xiaona Zhang.

   Background: University students are increasingly inclined to use the Internet for health-related purposes, and their sleep problems are becoming increasingly prominent. Currently, the relationship between sleep quality and online health-related searches is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to exam the associations of sleep quality, Internet use, eHealth literacy, online health information seeking and cyberchondria in the sample of Chinese university students.
Methods: A total of 2744 students completed self-reported questionnaires online containing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), eHealth Literacy Scale, Online Health Information Seeking, Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS) and questions regarding sleep duration, Internet use, health status, and demographic information.
Results: The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI >7) among the university students was 19.9% and 15.6% students slept less than 7 h per day. As time spent on online daily and playing phone before bed increased, the prevalence of sleep disturbance gained. Sleep disturbance was significantly associated with cyberchondria (OR = 1.545, p = 0.001), health status [good (OR = 0.625, p = 0.039), poor (OR = 3.128, p = 0.010), and fair (OR = 1.932, p = 0.001)]. Sleep quality, online health information seeking and eHealth literacy positively influenced with cyberchondria. Compared to 7-8 h sleep duration, online health information seeking (OR = 0.750, p = 0.012) was significantly associated with ≥8 h sleep duration.
Conclusion: Our findings highlighted poor health status, too much time spent on online daily and high cyberchondria level might decrease sleep quality in the sample of Chinese university students, further suggesting the need for developing interventions based on online health-related searches for improving sleep quality among university students.

Keywords:  Cyberchondria; Online health information seeking; Sleep; University student; eHealth literacy

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17521
Optom Vis Sci. 2023 Jul 03.

Trust and Access: Eye Information Seeking Practices and Preferences among Canadians.

Marlee M Spafford, Amy H Y Chow, Tammy Labreche, Deborah A Jones, Lisa W T Christian, Nadine M Furtado, Sarah MacIver, Elizabeth L Irving.

SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the value that the public places on obtaining trusted and accessible health-related information and their preference for obtaining it from their healthcare practitioners. Previous research has not been specific to Canadians or vision. Findings can be used to increase eye health literacy and eye care utilization.
PURPOSE: Canadians underutilize eye care and underestimate the occurrence of asymptomatic eye disease. This study explored eye information seeking practices and preferences among a group of Canadians.
METHODS: Using snowball sampling, a 28-item online survey collected respondent perceptions about their eye and health information seeking practices and preferences. Questions examined electronic device access, information source use, and demographics. Two open-ended questions examined information seeking practices and preferences. Respondents were at least 18 years old and living in Canada. Individuals working in eye care were excluded. Response frequencies and Z scores were computed. Written comments were assessed using content analysis.
RESULTS: Respondents searched for less eye than health information (Z scores ≥ 2.25, P < .05). For eye and health information, primary care providers were the used and preferred source, and reliance on internet searches was greater than desired. Trust and access drove information seeking practices. Respondent comments suggested a hierarchy of trust operates across My Health Team, My Network, and My External Sources, with a persistent threat posed by Discredited Sources. Access to information sources appeared mediated by enablers (Convenience and Accessible Features) and barriers (Unreachable Health Team and Absent Systems). Eye information was seen as more specialized and harder to find. There was a high regard for healthcare practitioners who provide their patients with curated trusted information.
CONCLUSIONS: These Canadians value trusted and accessible health-related information. They prefer eye and health information from their healthcare practitioners and value when their health team provides online curated information, particularly regarding eyes.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002038