bims-librar Biomed News
on Biomedical librarianship
Issue of 2023–07–02
eightteen papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society



  1. Int J Semiot Law. 2023 Apr 20. 1-22
      The COVID-19 pandemic has forced libraries to shift their service-delivery model online, infiltrating countless interactions-from storytime to reference questions to social groups-into digital mediation, typically by third-party platforms outside the library's control, generating mineable, persistent digital traces. One community particularly vulnerable to the impacts of surveillance is the queer community, where an outing, at least in the United States, imposes a potential loss of housing and employment and may subject the outed person to violence. Libraries-particularly public and school libraries-have once again become sites of conflict and resistance, with queer people and materials increasingly coming under attack both physically and legally. A primary shield by which libraries try to protect their patrons from such attacks is "privacy." Librarians, as professionals, proclaim a commitment to privacy embedded in such documents as the American Library Association's Library Bill of Rights and the International Federation of Library Associations and Institution's Statement on Privacy in the Library Environment. However, these ideals exist in broader systems-including legal and cultural structures-which constrain and complicate abstract commitments to privacy. This article examines the challenges of queer digital privacy within libraries in the United States, focusing on the polysemous, boundary-crossing nature of queerness, the digital and the material, privacy, and libraries (as both concepts and institutions). In particular, this article demonstrates how binary-bound, individual-rights-oriented legal approaches to privacy have arisen, and been mediated, by cis-heteronormative patriarchal values and how the sociotechnical materialities in which they occurred (such as paper-based recordkeeping) are fundamentally incompatible with queer privacy needs.
    Keywords:  Digital privacy; Libraries; Privacy; Queer; Queer digital privacy
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-023-09994-x
  2. Ann Behav Med. 2023 Jun 30. 57(7): 509-510
      
    Keywords:  access to information; communications media; health communication; information dissemination; public health; publications
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaad027
  3. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr). 2023 May 01. 1-14
      The search for relevant scientific articles is a crucial step in any research project. However, the vast number of articles published and available online in digital databases (Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, etc.) can make this task tedious and negatively impact a researcher's productivity. This article proposes a new method of recommending scientific articles that takes advantage of content-based filtering. The challenge is to target relevant information that meets a researcher's needs, regardless of their research domain. Our recommendation method is based on semantic exploration using latent factors. Our goal is to achieve an optimal topic model that will serve as the basis for the recommendation process. Our experiences confirm our performance expectations, showing relevance and objectivity in the results.
    Keywords:  Latent Dirichlet Allocation; Non-negative Matrix Factorization; Scientific article; Scientific recommendation; Topic modeling
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11817-2
  4. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2023 Jun 29. 305 580-583
      Physicians depend on access to accurate, up-to-date information and knowledge to make decisions and carry out their work. Today, access to online medical information has become easier than ever before. There is a stream of research interested in understanding how online health information intervenes and influences the patient-physician relationship. While many studies have focused on patients' online health information seeking, fewer studies have addressed how physicians seek and use online medical information. In this qualitative study, focus groups using clinical scenarios were conducted to examine why and when resident physicians turn to search engines like Google for medical information seeking at the point of care. The paper provides insights in physicians' perceptions and experiences of using digital tools for information seeking during patient consultations. Specifically, we identify and discuss information-seeking strategies of physicians during the patient consultation, contributing crucial knowledge for improving the quality of healthcare and patient outcomes.
    Keywords:  Digitalization; healthcare; information seeking; residency education
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI230563
  5. Ann Biomed Eng. 2023 Jun 27.
      Recently, the interest in AI-guided ChatGPT has increased day-to-day, and different applications have been explored, including the medical field. The publication number is also increasing. At the same time, people are trying to get medical information from this Chartbot. However, researchers found that ChatGPT also provides partly correct or false information. Therefore, in this article, we urge the researchers to develop an AI-enabled, next-generation, advanced ChatGPT or large language models (LLMs) so that people can get accurate and error-free medical information.
    Keywords:  AI; ChatGPT; Large language models; Medical information
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-023-03297-9
  6. J Med Internet Res. 2023 Jun 30. 25 e47479
       BACKGROUND: ChatGPT-4 is the latest release of a novel artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot able to answer freely formulated and complex questions. In the near future, ChatGPT could become the new standard for health care professionals and patients to access medical information. However, little is known about the quality of medical information provided by the AI.
    OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the reliability of medical information provided by ChatGPT.
    METHODS: Medical information provided by ChatGPT-4 on the 5 hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) conditions with the highest global disease burden was measured with the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) tool. The EQIP tool is used to measure the quality of internet-available information and consists of 36 items that are divided into 3 subsections. In addition, 5 guideline recommendations per analyzed condition were rephrased as questions and input to ChatGPT, and agreement between the guidelines and the AI answer was measured by 2 authors independently. All queries were repeated 3 times to measure the internal consistency of ChatGPT.
    RESULTS: Five conditions were identified (gallstone disease, pancreatitis, liver cirrhosis, pancreatic cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma). The median EQIP score across all conditions was 16 (IQR 14.5-18) for the total of 36 items. Divided by subsection, median scores for content, identification, and structure data were 10 (IQR 9.5-12.5), 1 (IQR 1-1), and 4 (IQR 4-5), respectively. Agreement between guideline recommendations and answers provided by ChatGPT was 60% (15/25). Interrater agreement as measured by the Fleiss κ was 0.78 (P<.001), indicating substantial agreement. Internal consistency of the answers provided by ChatGPT was 100%.
    CONCLUSIONS: ChatGPT provides medical information of comparable quality to available static internet information. Although currently of limited quality, large language models could become the future standard for patients and health care professionals to gather medical information.
    Keywords:  ChatGPT; EQIP tool; artificial intelligence; bile; biliary; chatbot; chatbots; conversational agent; conversational agents; gall; gallstone; hepatic; internal medicine; internet information; liver; medical information; pancreas; pancreatic; pancreatitis; patient information
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2196/47479
  7. Digit Health. 2023 Jan-Dec;9:9 20552076231180438
       Introduction: Healthcare information is increasingly internet-based. Standards require websites to be 'perceivable, operable, understandable and robust' with relevant content for citizens in appropriate language. This study examined UK and international websites offering public healthcare information on advance care planning (ACP) using current recommendations for website accessibility and content and informed by a public engagement exercise.
    Methods: Google searches identified websites in English from health service providers, governmental or third sector organisations based in the UK and internationally. Target keywords that would be used by a member of the public informed the search terms. Data extraction used criterion-based assessment and web content analysis of the first two pages of each search result. Public patient representatives as key members of the multidisciplinary research team guided the development of the evaluation criteria.
    Results: A total of 1158 online searches identified 89 websites, reduced to 29 by inclusion/exclusion criteria. Most sites met international recommendations for knowledge/understanding about ACP. Differences in terminology, lack of information about ACP limitations and non-adherence to recommended reading levels, accessibility standards and translation options were apparent. Sites targeting members of the public used more positive, non-technical language than those for both professional and lay users.
    Conclusions: Some websites met accepted standards required to facilitate understanding and public engagement in ACP. Others could be improved significantly. Website providers have important roles and responsibilities in increasing people's understanding of their health conditions, future care options and ability to take an active role in planning for their health and care.
    Keywords:  Advance care planning; advance directive; anticipatory care planning; digital health; online health information; public involvement in research
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231180438
  8. J Oral Pathol Med. 2023 Jun 26.
       BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews (SRs) have become a popular approach for evidence-based practice, being considered a lens through which evidence is viewed and applied. However, several published studies have been identified as scoping reviews rather than SRs. This methodological error can negatively impact clinical decision-making or new research conceptualization.
    AIM: This letter focuses on the increasing number of SRs in oral pathology and medicine, highlighting the most frequent methodological mistakes.
    RESULTS: We providing general guidance to help researchers conceptualize better their SRs and for the critical evaluation of SRs by scientific journal reviewers.
    CONCLUSION: Clinicians, pathologists, and reviewers, must ensure the quality of the published information.
    Keywords:  oral medicine; oral pathology; peer review; review; systematic review
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.13456
  9. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2023 Jun 15. pii: S0278-2391(23)00529-3. [Epub ahead of print]
       BACKGROUND: Internet technologies have made a wide variety of information available to the public. Social media platforms (SMPs) can also be used as a source of information for patients seeking health care information. However, the quality of health information on SMPs is not clear and standardized.
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the content, reliability, and quality levels of videos reporting on facial trauma on a SMP (YouTube [Google LLC, San Bruno, California]) regarding patients' information.
    STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: This was a cross-sectional study, and the sample is composed of videos found on a SMP based on searching the keyword "facial trauma". English-language videos with acceptable audiovisual quality and content related to facial trauma were included in the study.
    PREDICTOR VARIABLE: The descriptive features such as number of views, number of likes, number of comments, video duration, date of uploading, and the demographic features such as source and uploader were recorded.
    MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLES: The primary outcome variable was content level. Secondary outcome variables were reliability and quality levels measured by DISCERN and Global Quality Scale.
    COVARIATES: The name and uniform resource locator of the videos were recorded as additional data.
    ANALYSES: The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare low-content and high-content videos with a significance level of P < .05. The Kappa test was used to assess the inter-rater reliability.
    RESULTS: The sample was composed of 50 videos that met study's inclusion. The mean total content score for the videos was 2.87 (range: 0 to 7), with 64% of all videos (n = 32) classified as low-content. The reliability and quality levels of videos classified as high-content were significantly superior (P < .001). In addition, the video duration was significantly higher in the high-content videos (P = .045). High-content videos were uploaded by health care professionals with a ratio of 39%, and the sources of these videos were predominantly oral and maxillofacial surgeons; however, low-content videos were mostly uploaded by clinics (75%), with the sources of these videos predominantly laypersons.
    CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Given the generally low content, reliability, and quality of online videos regarding facial trauma, clinicians should be cautious in recommending or referring patients to SMPs.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2023.06.004
  10. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2023 Jun 27. pii: zvad061. [Epub ahead of print]
       AIM: The use of statin therapy is deemed to be controversial by mainstream media. Patients increasingly source medical information from the internet and the use of statins is no exception. This study aims to determine the quality and educational content of statin-focused information on the internet and YouTube.
    METHODS AND RESULTS: "Statin" was searched on Google, Yahoo! , Bing and YouTube. The first 50 results obtained from each search engine and first 20 YouTube videos were screened by two assessors. Websites were assessed using the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) Score, University of Michigan Consumer Health Website Evaluation Checklist and a customized scoring system evaluating statin-focused content for quality. Videos were scored using the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, Global Quality Score (GQS), and the customized scoring system.Websites scored a median FRE score of 57.5 (IQR 52.1-62.3), median Michigan score of 36 (IQR 32-41.5), and median content score was 5 (IQR 3.75-7), Good interobserver agreement was demonstrated (Michigan score ICC = 0.968; content scores ICC = 0.944). Videos scored a median JAMA score of 2, median GQS score of 2.5 and median content score of 2.5. Good interobserver agreement was demonstrated (JAMA ICC = 0.746; GQS ICC = 0.874; content scores ICC = 0.946).
    CONCLUSIONS: Quality and readability of statin-focused online information is poor. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the limitations of the current available sources and design online resources that are accurate and patient friendly.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjcn/zvad061
  11. World Neurosurg. 2023 Jun 22. pii: S1878-8750(23)00827-6. [Epub ahead of print]
       AIM: There is a growing trend among patients and their families to seek medical information online. Among the world's most popular websites, YouTube is ranked second. Our aim was to assess the reliability and quality of YouTube videos on spina bifida.
    METHODS: Researchers searched the YouTube platform using 3 search keywords in February 2022. These were spina bifida, spina bifida treatment, and spina bifida surgery. The content of the first 35 videos for each search term was evaluated using the DISCERN scale. Two independent neurosurgeons with 6 years of experience in pediatric neurosurgery evaluated the content of the videos.
    RESULTS: Of the total 105 videos, 58 met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated. Of these videos, 3 (6.5%) received a score between 3-4. This suggests that the video is reliable but missing important information. Only 1 (2.1%) of the videos had a mean score of >4, which refers to a high-quality source of information. It has been found that the popularity of the video was not correlated with whether it is broadcast by health professionals or whether it has surgical content. The correlation between video popularity and DISCERN score was not significant (p=0.361/0.401 based on the number of views; p=0.459/0.606 based on the number of likes).
    DISCUSSION: Based on the results of this study, patients and their families will generally encounter low-quality educational content on YouTube when searching for information about spina bifida. Since videos on spina bifida are insufficient, we recommend to universities, hospitals, and academic societies publish reliable video education content to support and optimize patient education, in line with approved tools such as DISCERN.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2023.06.058
  12. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2023 Apr 05. 1-7
       Introduction: Current treatment approach aims to achieve greater efficacy with fewer side effects, by targeted cancer therapy as much as possible. Radionuclide therapy is a modality that uses cancer theranostics and is increasingly applied for various cancers as a targeted therapy. YouTube is a preferred tool for obtaining medical information from the internet. This study aims to determine the content quality, level of interaction and usefulness as education material of radionuclide therapy YouTube videos and to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 process on these parameters.
    Materials and Methods: The keywords were searched on YouTube on August 25, 2018, and May 10, 2021. After removing duplicate and excluded videos, all remaining videos were scored and coded.
    Results: Majority of the videos were useful educational material. Most of them were high quality. Popularity markers were unrelated to quality level. After COVID, the power index of videos with high JAMA scores increased. The COVID-19 pandemic did not have a negative effect on video features; the quality of the content increased even more after the pandemic.
    Conclusion: Radionuclide therapy YouTube videos have high-quality content and provide useful education material. The popularity is independent of the content quality. During the pandemic, video quality and usefulness characteristics did not change, while the visibility is increased. We consider YouTube to be an appropriate educational material for patients and healthcare professionals to gain basic knowledge of radionuclide therapy. The Covıd-19 pandemic highlighted the power of radionuclide therapy YouTube videos as an educational material.
    Keywords:  COVID-19; Cancer theranostics; Education material; Radionuclide therapy; Targeted cancer therapy; YouTube
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-023-00799-1
  13. Surgery. 2023 Jun 23. pii: S0039-6060(23)00316-1. [Epub ahead of print]
       BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common laparoscopic procedure performed in the US and a key component of general surgery training. Surgical trainees frequently access YouTube for educational walkthroughs of surgical procedures. This study aims to evaluate the educational quality of YouTube video walkthroughs on laparoscopic cholecystectomy by using the LAParoscopic surgery Video Educational GuidelineS (LAP-VEGaS) video assessment tool.
    METHODS: A YouTube search was conducted using "laparoscopic cholecystectomy." Results were sorted by relevance, and the top 100 videos were gathered. Videos with patient education or concomitant procedures were excluded. Included videos were categorized as Physician (produced by an individual physician), Academic (produced by a university or medical school), Commercial (produced by a surgical company), and Society (produced by a professional surgical society) and were rated by 3 investigators using the LAP-VEGaS video assessment tool (0-18).
    RESULTS: In all, 33 videos met the selection criteria. The average LAP-VEGaS score was 7.96 ± 3.95, and inter-rater reliability was .86. Academic videos demonstrated a significantly higher mean LAP-VEGaS score than Commercial (10.69 ± 3.54 vs 5.25 ± 2.38, P = .033). Most academic videos failed to provide formal case presentations (63%), patient positioning (50%), intraoperative findings (50%), graphic aids (63%), and operative time (75%).
    CONCLUSION: This is the first study to evaluate the quality of YouTube video walkthroughs on LC using the LAP-VEGaS tool. Despite demonstrating higher LAP-VEGaS scores than other categories, video walkthroughs provided by academic institutions still lack several essential educational criteria for this procedure, highlighting areas of improvement for educators.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2023.05.021
  14. Arthroscopy. 2023 Jun 22. pii: S0749-8063(23)00478-4. [Epub ahead of print]
       PURPOSE: The current study evaluates the information quality, accuracy and reliability of YouTube videos regarding relevant postoperative patient information and postoperative rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.
    METHODS: Using The Onion Router software and predefined search terms, 102 videos were assessed. Four scoring systems were used to evaluate included videos: (1) Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria; (2) Global Quality Score (GQS); (3) DISCERN Score; and (4) a newly developed "Rotator Cuff Score" (RCS). The RCS (0-30 points) was built based on latest published evidence and guidelines by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Videos that scored up to 9 points were regarded as of poor quality.
    RESULTS: The majority of the included videos provided poor information quality, accuracy, and reliability. Videos that were uploaded by medically trained professionals showed significantly better results in all scores compared to commercial or personal testimony videos (JAMA benchmark criteria score: p < .001; GQS: p < .001; DISCERN Score: p = .001; RCS: p = .001). Multivariate linear regression showed that medically trained professionals are a significant predictor of better score results in all scores (JAMA benchmark criteria score: β = 1.496, p < .001; GQS: β = 1.105, p < .001; DISCERN- Score: β = 11.234, p < .001;RCS: β = 5.017, p < .001). Surprisingly, the like ratio was significantly higher in videos that were uploaded by not medically trained individuals (p = .041).
    CONCLUSIONS: The average information quality, accuracy, and reliability of YouTube videos regarding relevant postoperative patient information and postoperative rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is poor. Videos from medically trained professionals provide significantly higher information quality; however, even these videos lack important information for a better understanding of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.
    Keywords:  Global Quality Score; JAMA benchmark criteria; Rotator Cuff; Rotator Cuff Repair; YouTube
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2023.05.031
  15. Int J Impot Res. 2023 Jun 28.
      Aesthetic penile augmentation is considered investigational and not shown to be safe or efficacious. This study sought to characterize the quality and reliability of YouTube videos on the topic of penile augmentation. A systematic search identifying the 100 most viewed YouTube videos on penile augmentation was conducted. The videos were then evaluated by two independent urologists for reliability and quality using a modified DISCERN scoring system and Global Quality Scale (GQS). The median total views were 530,612 (range 123,478-32,914,713). The median DISCERN and GQS scores for all 100 videos were generally poor at 1.75 (IQR 1-2.63) and 2.5 (IQR 1.5-3.5), respectively. A little under half of the videos had a physician present (44.7%). DISCERN and GQS scores were significantly higher in videos with physicians compared to those without one (p < 0.001 for both). The majority of videos discussed nonsurgical methods of penile augmentation (65.1%) with penile traction devices being the most frequently discussed (19.2%). Urologists and medical organizations should strive to have more of a presence in this space to ensure patients are appropriately educated and counseled before pursuing potentially ineffective or harmful treatments.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-023-00728-y
  16. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2023 Jun;5(3): e623-e628
       Purpose: To characterize the quality of YouTube total shoulder arthroplasty videos as a source of patient information using the DISCERN instrument.
    Methods: An analysis of the YouTube video library was performed, using a string of 6 search terms related to "total shoulder replacement" and "total shoulder arthroplasty" in the YouTube search engine. The first 20 videos from each search (n = 120) were selected. The top 25 most viewed videos were compiled, screened, and evaluated with the DISCERN score in the final analysis. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to assess the correlation of DISCERN scores and video characteristics. Inter-rater reliability was calculated with the conger kappa score for multiple raters.
    Results: Twenty-five videos met inclusion criteria, 13 (52%) were produced by academic institutions, 7 (28%) by physicians, and 5 (20%) by commercial entities. Median total DISCERN score was 33 out of 80 (IQR: 28-44). The overall total DISCERN scores, showed no correlation with video likes or views and was negatively correlated with video power index (r = -0.75, P = .001). No association between total shoulder arthroscopy video source and DISCERN score could be demonstrated. All videos analyzed scored poorly by the DISCERN instrument.
    Conclusions: The current most popular shoulder replacement videos on YouTube are low-quality patient education resources. Furthermore, our study found no correlation between video popularity, as measured by the number of views and the DISCERN score.
    Clinical Relevance: Successful outcomes following total shoulder arthroplasty may be influenced by the quality of information patients receive.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asmr.2023.03.001
  17. Int J Digit Libr. 2023 Apr 24. 1-22
      Finding relevant publications in the scientific domain can be quite tedious: Accessing large-scale document collections often means to formulate an initial keyword-based query followed by many refinements to retrieve a sufficiently complete, yet manageable set of documents to satisfy one's information need. Since keyword-based search limits researchers to formulating their information needs as a set of unconnected keywords, retrieval systems try to guess each user's intent. In contrast, distilling short narratives of the searchers' information needs into simple, yet precise entity-interaction graph patterns provides all information needed for a precise search. As an additional benefit, such graph patterns may also feature variable nodes to flexibly allow for different substitutions of entities taking a specified role. An evaluation over the PubMed document collection quantifies the gains in precision for our novel entity-interaction-aware search. Moreover, we perform expert interviews and a questionnaire to verify the usefulness of our system in practice. This paper extends our previous work by giving a comprehensive overview about the discovery system to realize narrative query graph retrieval.
    Keywords:  Digital libraries; Graph-based retrieval; Narrative information access; Narrative queries
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-023-00356-3
  18. Data Brief. 2023 Jun;48 109234
      DarNERcorp is a manually annotated named entity recognition (NER) dataset in the Moroccan dialect, also called Darija. The dataset consists of 65,905 tokens and their corresponding tags according to BIO scheme. 13.8% of the tokens are named entities spanning four categories: person, location, organization, and miscellaneous. The data were scraped from the Moroccan Dialect section of Wikipedia and processed and annotated using open-source libraries and tools. The data are useful for the Arabic natural language processing (NLP) community as they address the lack in dialectal Arabic annotated corpora. This dataset can be used to train and evaluate named entity recognition systems in dialectal and mixed Arabic.
    Keywords:  BIO; Corpus; Dialectal Arabic; Named entity recognition; Natural language processing; Text mining
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.109234