bims-librar 2023-02-26 papers

bims-librar

Biomed News

on Biomedical librarianship

Issue of 2023–02–26
twenty papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society

Why do researchers co-author evidence syntheses with librarians? A mixed-methods study.
The NLM indexer assignment dataset: a new large-scale dataset for reviewer assignment research.
Perceptions of employers in South Africa on library and information science graduates' skills, knowledge and competencies on digital scholarship.
Outbreak.info Research Library: a standardized, searchable platform to discover and explore COVID-19 resources.
The Search Between Two Worlds: Motivations for and Consequences of U.S.-Dwelling Chinese's Use of U.S. and Chinese Media for COVID-19 Information.
Coronavirus disease 2019 information-seeking behavior globally: a systematic review.
Patients' perspectives on the quality of online patient education materials: A qualitative study.
Assessing the Functional Accessibility, Actionability, and Quality of Patient Education Materials from Canadian Cancer Agencies.
Generalized Pustular Psoriasis: Quality and Readability of Online Health Information.
Readability and quality of online information on total ankle arthroplasty.
How understandable are the patient education materials about flat foot on the Internet for parents?
Accuracy of prostate cancer screening recommendations for high-risk populations on YouTube and TikTok.
Does YouTube provide adequate information about orthodontic pain?
Popular science and education of cosmetic surgery in China: Quality and reliability evaluation of Douyin short videos.
Assessment of the content and quality of YouTube videos related zygomatic implants: A content-quality analysis.
Evaluation of YouTube Videos on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
The invisible burden of managing COVID-19 for Australian women: Cognitive labor and public health information.
Analysis of types of and language used in online information available to patients with periodontitis.
Most patient education materials on shoulder conditions from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons exceed recommended readability levels.
The quality of informational social support in online health communities: A content analysis of cancer-related discussions.

Res Synth Methods. 2023 Feb 20.

Why do researchers co-author evidence syntheses with librarians? A mixed-methods study.

Judith Logan.

  Librarians and information specialists are experts in designing comprehensive literature searches, such as those needed for Evidence Syntheses (ES). The contributions of these professionals to ES research teams have several documented benefits, especially when they collaborate on the project. However, librarian co-authorship is relatively rare. This study explores researcher motivations for working with librarians at the co-author level through a mixed methods design. Interviews with researchers identified 20 potential motivations that were then tested through an online questionnaire sent to authors of recently published ES. Consistent with previous findings, most respondents did not have a librarian co-author on their ES, though 16% acknowledged one in their manuscript and 10% consulted one but did not document the contribution. Search expertise was the most common motivation both to and not to co-author with librarians. Those that had or were interested in co-authoring stated that they wanted the librarians' search expertise, while those who had not or were not interested stated that they already had the necessary search expertise. Researchers who were motivated by methodological expertise and availability were more likely to have co-authored their ES with a librarian. No motivations were negatively associated with librarian co-authorship. These findings provide an overview of the motivations that influence researchers to bring a librarian into an ES investigatory team. More research is needed to substantiate the validity of these motivations.

Keywords:  evidence syntheses; librarians and information professionals; literature searching; research team composition

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1629
J Assoc Inf Sci Technol. 2023 Feb;74(2): 205-218

The NLM indexer assignment dataset: a new large-scale dataset for reviewer assignment research.

Alastair R Rae, James G Mork, Dina Demner-Fushman.

MEDLINE is the National Library of Medicine's (NLM) journal citation database. It contains over 28 million references to biomedical and life science journal articles, and a key feature of the database is that all articles are indexed with NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The library employs a team of MeSH indexers, and in recent years they have been asked to index close to 1 million articles per year in order to keep MEDLINE up to date. An important part of the MEDLINE indexing process is the assignment of articles to indexers. High quality and timely indexing is only possible when articles are assigned to indexers with suitable expertise. This paper introduces the NLM indexer assignment dataset: a large dataset of 4.2 million indexer article assignments for articles indexed between 2011 and 2019. The dataset is shown to be a valuable testbed for expert matching and assignment algorithms, and indexer article assignment is also found to be useful domain-adaptive pre-training for the closely related task of reviewer assignment.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24722
Heliyon. 2023 Feb;9(2): e13531

Perceptions of employers in South Africa on library and information science graduates' skills, knowledge and competencies on digital scholarship.

Philangani Thembinkosi Sibiya, Patrick Ngulube.

  The Library and Information Science (LIS) profession is ever evolving partly as a result of the effects of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. For instance, new job requirements on digital scholarship have been noted across the LIS profession, especially in the academic and special research council libraries. Based on these changes, employers of LIS graduates expect that LIS graduates from LIS schools possess digital scholarship knowledge and skills as part of their exit attributes. This paper explores the perceptions of employers of LIS graduates on digital scholarship education. A construct from the Gap Service Quality Model was used as the conceptual framework of the study. The paper followed the interpretive philosophical perspective, through employing a qualitative approach to achieve the aim of the study. A multiple case study design using semi-structured interviews was conducted with directors of both academic and special research council libraries. Five directors were selected purposively as their libraries seemed to be on the forefront of digital scholarship initiatives. It was revealed that employers expected LIS qualifications to have content on digital scholarship. The study discovered that employers of digital scholarship librarians expected them to possess knowledge, skills, and competencies on digital scholarship-related activities. The other expectation was that graduates were supposed to be able to navigate digital scholarship activities at a basic level. Employers of digital scholarship librarians also expected graduates to be familiar with research data management and the ecosystem of digital publications. The survey also highlighted certain difficulties LIS employers had when hiring a LIS graduate. The study recommended that LIS schools should recurriculate to include content on digital scholarship. It was also recommended that LIS schools should have short courses on digital scholarship to cater for practising librarians. Librarians must be involved in lifelong learning in order to understand digital scholarship.

Keywords:  Digital scholarship; LIS education; LIS job Market; Perceptions of employers; South Africa

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13531
Nat Methods. 2023 Feb 23.

Outbreak.info Research Library: a standardized, searchable platform to discover and explore COVID-19 resources.

Ginger Tsueng, Julia L Mullen, Manar Alkuzweny, Marco Cano, Benjamin Rush, Emily Haag, Jason Lin, Dylan J Welzel, Xinghua Zhou, Zhongchao Qian, Alaa Abdel Latif, Emory Hufbauer, Mark Zeller, Kristian G Andersen, Chunlei Wu, Andrew I Su, Karthik Gangavarapu, Laura D Hughes.

Outbreak.info Research Library is a standardized, searchable interface of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) publications, clinical trials, datasets, protocols and other resources, built with a reusable framework. We developed a rigorous schema to enforce consistency across different sources and resource types and linked related resources. Researchers can quickly search the latest research across data repositories, regardless of resource type or repository location, via a search interface, public application programming interface (API) and R package.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-023-01770-w
Journal Mass Commun Q. 2023 Mar;100(1): 123-144

The Search Between Two Worlds: Motivations for and Consequences of U.S.-Dwelling Chinese's Use of U.S. and Chinese Media for COVID-19 Information.

Hang Lu, Haoran Chu.

  As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to inflict damage throughout the world, some minority groups are bearing a disproportionate share of its impacts. We concentrated on one such group, U.S.-dwelling Chinese, who have had to cope with challenges related to acculturation, health, safety, and racism. Recognizing that health information seeking was an essential step in helping maintain and improve health behaviors, we conducted a two-wave longitudinal study (N = 1,284) to examine the various factors predicting U.S.-dwelling Chinese's use of U.S. and Chinese media for COVID-19 information as well as the consequences of their information seeking. Overall, we found that acculturation, accuracy (i.e., information insufficiency) and defense (i.e., conspiratorial beliefs) motivations, trust in media, and perceived information gathering capacity played a key role in explaining information seeking from an intercultural viewpoint, and that the use of U.S. and Chinese media was associated with different health behaviors. These findings contribute to theory and practice in a variety of ways.

Keywords:  COVID-19; Chinese; acculturation; conspiracy; health; information seeking

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/10776990211073951
SAGE Open Med. 2023 ;11 20503121231153510

Coronavirus disease 2019 information-seeking behavior globally: a systematic review.

Tadele Fentabil Anagaw, Habtamu Alganeh Guadie.

   Objective: This systematic review aimed to provide a global picture of information-seeking behavior, source information used, and its associated factors.
Methods: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses steps. Databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, World Health Organization libraries, and Google Scholar were used to search all published articles. Articles on COVID-19 information-seeking behavior published until November 04, 2021, and the use of the English language was included. Two independent reviewers did the article selection and quality check.
Results: For this systematic review, twenty articles were included in the final report. Information-seeking behavior was associated with digital health literacy, online information sources, and socio-demographic factors. The major sources of health information during the COVID-19 pandemic were digital media, television, public health portals like the world health organization, and center for communicable disease and prevention websites.
Conclusion: This systematic review provides a valuable overview of available information on information-seeking behavior regarding COVID-19 globally. The studies used a heterogeneous study population, various research techniques, and various research questions. Digital literacy and online information sources play a vital role in information-seeking behavior.

Keywords:  COVID-19; Information-seeking behavior; systematic review

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121231153510
J Educ Health Promot. 2022 ;11 402

Patients' perspectives on the quality of online patient education materials: A qualitative study.

Mohammad Ali Boroumand, Shahram Sedghi, Peyman Adibi, Sirous Panahi, Alireza Rahimi.

   BACKGROUND: Access to online patient education information can lead to more effective self-care and disease management. However, the large amount of online information provided through unknown or unreliable sources can challenge patients to trust and use this information. This study was designed to examine the opinions of Iranian gastrointestinal patients about the quality of online information used.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted using thematic analysis. Data were gathered via a semi-structured interview with 29 gastrointestinal patients, and data analysis was performed by qualitative content analysis using open coding with MAXQDA 2018 software.
RESULTS: Based on the study, 22 codes were extracted in nine subcategories named as: "Emphasis on the identity of providers," "Nature of online information," "Distrust on online information," "Poor quality of information," "Giving misinformation," "False impact," "Improve communication," "Positive effect on the patient," "Better Diagnosis."
CONCLUSIONS: In the current situation, Iranian patients are not confident enough about the quality of available online information. They believe that the use of current poor-quality information has negative consequences. However, they tend to use online patient education materials are produced in Persian by reputable scientific authorities. Using online information can increase patients' knowledge and lead to better communication with medical staff and other similar patients. They can use this information for self-care with more confidence, and such an approach can also have significant benefits for the national health system.

Keywords:  Distance; education; internet-based intervention; patient education as topic; self care

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1127_21
Curr Oncol. 2023 Jan 19. 30(2): 1439-1449

Assessing the Functional Accessibility, Actionability, and Quality of Patient Education Materials from Canadian Cancer Agencies.

Courtney van Ballegooie, Devon Heroux, Peter Hoang, Sarthak Garg.

  Patient education materials (PEM)s were extracted from provincial cancer agencies to determine their organizational health literacy by evaluating the quality, actionability, and functional accessibility (e.g., readability and understandability) of their PEMs. PEMs from 10 provincial agencies were assessed for their grade reading level (GRL), using eight numerical and two graphical readability scales, and underwent a difficult word analysis. The agencies were assessed for PEM quality using two methods (JAMA benchmarks and DISCERN), while actionability and understandability were assessed using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT). Seven hundred and eighty-six PEMs were analyzed. The overall average GRL was 9.3 ± 2.1, which is above the recommended 7th GRL for health information. The difficult word analysis showed that 15.4% ± 5.1% of texts contained complex words, 35.8% ± 6.8% of texts contained long words, and 24.2% ± 6.6% of texts contained unfamiliar words. Additionally, there was high overlap between the most frequently identified difficult words in the PEMs and the most frequently misunderstood words by cancer patients identified in the literature. Regarding quality indicators, no agency displayed all four indicators according to the JAMA benchmarks and DISCERN scores ranged between 38 (poor) to 66 (excellent). PEMAT scores ranged between 68% to 88% for understandability and 57% to 88% for actionability. PEMs continue to be written at a level above the recommended GRL across all provinces, and there was overall high variability in the quality, understandability, and actionability of PEMs among provincial agencies. This represents an opportunity to optimize materials, thus ensuring understanding by a wider audience and improving health literacy among Canadian cancer patients.

Keywords:  health literacy; healthcare quality; patient education materials; readability

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30020110
Exp Dermatol. 2023 Feb 23.

Generalized Pustular Psoriasis: Quality and Readability of Online Health Information.

Rhea Malik, Jeffrey Chen, Charles Lau, Aaron Sandoval, Vinod E Nambudiri.

  Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a multisystem disease with potentially life-threatening adverse effects. As patients increasingly seek health information online, and as the landscape for GPP changes, the quality of online health information (OHI) becomes progressively more important. This paper is the first of its kind to examine the quality, comprehensiveness, and readability of online health information for GPP. Similar to pre-existing studies evaluating OHI, this paper examines 5 key search terms for GPP- 3 medical and 2 laymen. For each search term, the results were evaluated based on: HONCode accreditation, an enhanced DISCERN analysis and a number of readability indices. Of the 500 websites evaluated, 84 (16.8%) were HONcode-accredited. Mean DISCERN scores of all websites were 74.9% and 38.6% for website reliability and treatment sections, respectively, demonstrating key gaps in comprehensiveness and reliability of GPP-specific OHI. Additionally, only 4/100 websites (4%) analyzed for readability were written at the NIH-recommended sixth-grade level. Academic websites were significantly more difficult to read than governmental websites. This further exacerbates the patient information gap, particularly for patients with low health literacy, who may already be at higher risk of not receiving timely medical care.

Keywords:  DISCERN; Equity; Generalized Pustular Psoriasis; Online health information; Pustular Psoriasis; Readability

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.14775
Foot (Edinb). 2023 Feb 21. pii: S0958-2592(23)00026-3. [Epub ahead of print]54 101985

Readability and quality of online information on total ankle arthroplasty.

Davis A Hartnett, Alexander P Philips, Alan H Daniels, Brad D Blankenhorn.

  The internet is a frequently utilized resource to acquire health information. This study aims to examine the readability and quality of online information pertaining to total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). "Ankle arthroplasty" OR "ankle replacement" was queried in three search engines, with the first 3 pages of results identified. The readability of sites was calculated using six readability algorithms: Flesch-Kincaid grade level, Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning Fog, SMOG, Coleman-Liau index, and Automated Readability Index. Quality was assessed using the JAMA benchmark, Global Quality Score (GQS), and DISCERN instrument. A total of 62 relevant sites were analyzed. Sources were primarily physician-sponsored (50%) or academic (31%) websites. The mean readability indices were above the recommended sixth grade reading level, with an average grade level of across scoring tools of 13.22 ± 2.07. No sites were at or below a sixth grade reading level. Quality ratings were subpar across assessment tools: JAMA = 1.9 ± 1.0 (range, 1-4) out of 4; GQS = 3.4 ± 1.0 (range, 1-5) out of 5. DISCERN = 54.0 ± 11.2 (range, 31-75) out of 80. The readability and quality of online information regarding ankle arthroplasty is not optimal for the average patient, with improvement valuable in cultivating shared decision-making.

Keywords:  Ankle arthroplasty; Health care literacy; Readability; TAA

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2023.101985
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Feb 10. 102(6): e32791

How understandable are the patient education materials about flat foot on the Internet for parents?

Sadettin Çiftci, Erdem Şahin, Süha Ahmet Aktaş, Selim Safali, Fatih Durgut, Bahattin Kerem Aydin.

Flat foot is a common reason for parents to visit orthopedic clinics. As the Internet has become an easy-search platform, parents often seek online educational materials before seeking out a professional. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality, readability, and understandability of such online materials for parents. An Internet search was performed for "flat foot" and "pes planus" using the Google search engine. The readability was evaluated using 6 different grading systems: Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, Fry Readability score, Gunning Fog Index tests, and Automated Readability Index. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool test was used to assess the understandability. For quality assessment, the Journal of American Medical Association benchmark criteria and Health on the Net code were applied. One hundred nine websites were included and evaluated for readability, understandability, and quality. The mean readability grade for all websites was 10.5 ± 2.0. The mean Gunning Fog Index tests and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level scores for all websites were 12.4 ± 2.2 and 9.7 ± 2.1 sequentially. The mean Coleman-Liau index score was 10.0 ± 1.5, and the average Fry Readability score was 9.9 ± 2.0. The automated readability index for all websites was 10.3 ± 2.5. The average Flesch Reading Ease score for all educational materials was 59.3 ± 10.1. The average Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool score for all educational materials was 81% (range, 70-87%). The mean Journal of American Medical Association benchmark criterion for all websites was 1.0, with a range from 1.0 and 2.0. Eighteen (16.5%) websites had Health on the Net certificates. Readability, understandability, and quality of patient education materials about flat feet on the Internet vary and are often worse than professional recommendations.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000032791
BJUI Compass. 2023 Mar;4(2): 206-213

Accuracy of prostate cancer screening recommendations for high-risk populations on YouTube and TikTok.

Max Abramson, Nathan Feiertag, Darius Javidi, Mustufa Babar, Stacy Loeb, Kara Watts.

   Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate content quality and racial/ethnic representation, particularly of high-risk cohorts, of prostate cancer screening videos on YouTube (YT) and TikTok (TK).
Materials and Methods: The top 50 videos populated for the search term 'prostate cancer screening' on YT and TK that met inclusion criteria were retrieved in a cache-cleared browser. Three reviewers analysed all videos using validated criteria for the quality of consumer health information (DISCERN and Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool [PEMAT]). High quality was defined as follows: DISCERN ≥ 4, PEMAT understandability ≥75% and PEMAT actionability ≥75%. A 5-point Likert scale was used to demonstrate the level of misinformation compared to American Urological Association and National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Perceived race and ethnicity of people in the videos were assessed by consensus approach.
Results: TK videos were shorter (median 3.7 vs. 0.5 min, p < 0.001) and had more views per month (5437.5 vs. 19.3, p = 0.03) than YT videos. Perceived Black and Hispanic representation was present in 10% and 6% of YT videos and 20% and 12% of TK videos, respectively. High-risk racial/ethnic groups were explicitly discussed in 46% of YT videos and 8% of TK videos. A total of 98% of YT videos and 100% of TK videos had low- to moderate-quality consumer health information, and 88% of YT videos and 100% of TK videos had moderate to high levels of misinformation based on screening guidelines.
Conclusions: YT and TK videos about prostate cancer screening are widely viewed but do not provide quality consumer health information. Black and Hispanic men remain under-represented on both platforms, and high-risk racial groups were not discussed in most videos despite the importance for screening criteria. The low understandability and actionability, significant misinformation and lack of diversity in online videos support the need for higher quality videos with adequate attention to high-risk ethnic cohorts.

Keywords:  TikTok; YouTube; high‐risk populations; misinformation; patient education; prostate cancer screening; racial disparities; social media

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/bco2.200
Angle Orthod. 2023 Feb 23.

Does YouTube provide adequate information about orthodontic pain?

Ieva Tamošiūnaitė, Arūnas Vasiliauskas, Furkan Dindaroğlu.

   OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the content and quality of information about orthodontic pain on YouTube.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: YouTube was searched using the keywords "orthodontic pain" and "brace pain." A total of 65 videos were chosen for the final analysis. Videos were classified into high- and low-content groups using an eight-point scoring system and reviewed according to selected orthodontic pain-related topics. Video quality was rated by the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI) and Global Quality Scale (GQS). Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS 28.0 software, Mann-Whitney U-tests, χ2 tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients.
RESULTS: Most YouTube videos related to orthodontic pain were low content (86.2%), and a few were high content (13.8%). Pharmacological pain relief was the most prevalent topic (50.8%), followed by duration of pain (32.3%) and influence of pain on patient quality of life (29.2%). The least-mentioned topic was possible location of pain (7.7%). Most of the videos were uploaded by laypeople (64.6%). Videos uploaded by dental professionals had significantly higher means of GQS scores (P = .035), flow of information (P < .001), information quality (P = .008), and total VIQI (P < .001). Compared with low-content, high-content videos had a higher mean of flow of information (P = .037). There was a weak correlation between total content and GQS scores and a strong correlation between GQS and VIQI scores (r = 0.740; P < .01).
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, YouTube was found to be an inadequate source of information on orthodontic pain.

Keywords:  Brace pain; Internet; Orthodontic pain; Social media; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2319/072822-527.1
Health Expect. 2023 Feb 18.

Popular science and education of cosmetic surgery in China: Quality and reliability evaluation of Douyin short videos.

Jianfei Zhang, Pengpeng Han, Yujun Tang, Wenwen Xi, Xia Xiao, Feng Yang.

   BACKGROUND: Douyin APP is the short video APP with the largest number of users in China.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of short videos about cosmetic surgery on Douyin.
METHODS: In August 2022, we retrieved and screened 300 short videos related to cosmetic surgery from Douyin, extracted basic video information, encoded the content and identified the video source. The quality and reliability of short video information were evaluated using the DISCERN instrument.
RESULTS: A total of 168 short videos of cosmetic surgery were included in the survey, and the video sources included personal accounts and institutional accounts. Overall, the total proportion of institutional accounts (47/168, 27.98%) is significantly less than that of personal accounts (121/168, 72.02%); nonhealth professionals received the most praises, comments and even collections and reposts, while for-profit academic organizations or institutions received the least. The DISCERN scores of 168 short videos of cosmetic surgery were 3.74-4.58 (average 4.22). Content reliability (p = .04) and overall short video quality (p = .02) are significantly different, but short videos published from different sources have no significant difference in treatment selection (p = .052).
CONCLUSION: The overall information quality and reliability of short videos about cosmetic surgery on Douyin are satisfactory in China.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: The participants were involved in developing research questions, study design, management and conduct, interpretation of evidence and dissemination.

Keywords:  Douyin; cosmetic surgery; information quality; medical science; reliability evaluation

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13737
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2023 Feb 20.

Assessment of the content and quality of YouTube videos related zygomatic implants: A content-quality analysis.

Gulhan Yildirim, Humeyra Arıkan Kocaelli.

   INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the content and quality of YouTube videos of zygomatic implants.
METHODS: According to Google Trends (2021), "zygomatic implant" was the most preferred keyword related to the topic. Therefore, in this study "zygomatic implant" was used as a keyword for the video search. Demographic characteristics such as the number of views, likes/dislikes, comments, video duration, number of days after upload, uploaders, and target audiences of the videos were evaluated. To evaluate the accuracy and content quality of videos (available from YouTube), the video information and quality index (VIQI) and global quality scale (GQS) were used. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, Fisher's exact chi-square test, Yates continuity correction, and Spearman correlation analysis (p < 0.05).
RESULTS: A total of 151 videos were searched; 90 met all inclusion criteria. According to the video content score, 78.9% of the videos were identified as low content, 20% as moderate, and 1.1% as high content. There was no statistical difference between the groups in video demographic characteristics (p > 0.001). Conversely, information flow, accuracy of information, video quality and precision, and total VIQI scores were statistically different between the groups. The moderate-content group had a higher GQS score than the low-content group (p < 0.001). The videos were mainly uploaded (40%) from hospitals and universities. Most videos were targeted toward professionals (46.75%). Low-content videos had higher ratings than the moderate- and high-content videos.
CONCLUSIONS: Most YouTube videos on zygomatic implants showed low-content quality. This implies that YouTube is not a reliable source of information on zygomatic implants. Dentists, prosthodontists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons should be aware of the content of video-sharing platforms and take responsibility for enriching video content.

Keywords:  GQS; VIQI; YouTube; video content; zygomatic implant

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.13194
J Korean Med Sci. 2023 Feb 20. 38(7): e50

Evaluation of YouTube Videos on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Kuntay Kaplan, Yavuzalp Solak.

   BACKGROUND: As in every field, online information has become increasingly used in health. However, it is well known that some information online containing health advice is incorrect and may even include false statements. For this reason, it is crucial for public health that individuals reach reliable, high-quality resources when they are trying to obtain health information. Studies have been conducted on the quality and reliability of online information about many diseases, but no similar study has been found in the literature on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS: In this descriptive study, videos on YouTube (www.youtube.com) about HCC were evaluated using the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and the modified DISCERN tool.
RESULTS: While 129 (89.58%) of the videos examined within the study were considered useful, 15 (10.42%) were misleading. The GQS scores of the videos considered useful were significantly higher than the scores of the misleading videos, with a median (min-max) score of 4 (2-5) (P < 0.001). When we compared the DISCERN scores, the scores of the useful videos were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the scores of the misleading videos.
CONCLUSION: YouTube should be considered a complex structure where accurate and reliable health information can be presented, as well as erroneous and misleading information. Users should understand the importance of video sources and focus their research on videos from doctors, academics, and universities.

Keywords:  Education; Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Quality of Information; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e50
Front Public Health. 2023 ;11 1041944

The invisible burden of managing COVID-19 for Australian women: Cognitive labor and public health information.

Ashlin Lee, Naomi Kakoschke, Liesel Higgins, Andrew Reeson, Emily Brindal.

  Providing accurate and timely public health information is an ongoing challenge for public health officials. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated such challenges and presented unique difficulties in providing public health information, through the parallel rise of an "infodemic" of mis/dis-information. Understanding why individuals select, use and change their public health information seeking behaviors around COVID-19, and the relationship of these decisions relative to participant characteristics, is therefore an important step in understanding and responding to infodemics. This study used a qualitative survey (n = 255) and free-text qualitative questions to ask (1) Why participants use an information source, (2) How participants used an information source, and (3) How information seeking behavior has changed since the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were primarily women, born in Australia, with de-facto/married relationships, without children at home, with university/college qualifications, and employed full-time or unemployed/retired. Most participants identified "easiness" and "immediacy" as reasons why they chose and used information, with sources primarily used for planning, communication, and decision making. A minority of participants changed their information seeking behavior since the COVID-19 pandemic. Those who did change, desired more immediate and accurate information. Emergent themes of care and anxiety were also noted, raising questions around the impact of mental load and cognitive labor in some female populations. Women may be suffering from increased cognitive labor and a gendering of public health information seeking behavior in the context of COVID-19. The impact of these attributes on women requires greater empirical research and consideration amongst front line practitioners and public health professionals.

Keywords:  COVID-19; cognitive labor; information seeking; mental load; public health

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1041944
Br Dent J. 2023 Feb;234(4): 253-258

Analysis of types of and language used in online information available to patients with periodontitis.

Joanne Beaumont, Neil Cook.

Introduction This research investigates framing in online patient information for those newly diagnosed with periodontitis.Methods This study is a cross-sectional analysis of websites using corpus linguistic techniques. A Google search was conducted with the term 'gum disease.' Ten pages of search results were reviewed and information available was separated into types of resource: retail, healthcare, and dental practice websites. The dataset was analysed in terms of word frequency, collocation and keyness as compared to the British National Corpus Written Sampler. Differences between sources were assessed.Results Across combined data sources, there was a tendency for the most advanced symptoms of periodontitis to be given prominence. There was also a negative skew towards avoidance of negative outcomes of treatment rather than achieving positive ones. When comparing types of resource, retail websites tended to be more positive, with a focus on improving 'milder' stages of disease.Conclusions Negative framing could potentially induce engagement with treatment and self-care by the process of 'fear-appeal'; however, there is a risk that negativity demotivates an already anxious patient. Further research is required to evaluate patient perceptions of the information and to investigate effects this could have on behaviour change.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-023-5525-2
JSES Int. 2023 Jan;7(1): 126-131

Most patient education materials on shoulder conditions from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons exceed recommended readability levels.

Suleiman Y Sudah, Robert D Faccone, Joseph E Manzi, Gregory Kirchner, David Constantinescu, Allen Nicholson, Mariano E Menendez.

   Background: A growing number of patients use the internet to learn about their conditions and management options, but there may exist a disconnect between the readability of online education materials and a patient's health literacy. This issue is of particular relevance for shoulder conditions, where even with traumatic injuries (eg, clavicle fracture, shoulder dislocation), treatment is discretionary, directed primarily at quality of life, and therefore highly preference-sensitive.The purpose of this study was to utilize multiple readability algorithms to calculate the readability of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) patient education materials pertaining to diseases and conditions of the shoulder.
Methods: Online patient education articles from the AAOS pertaining to diseases and conditions of the shoulder were reviewed. The articles were modified for analysis using Readability Pro and readability scores were computed using the following 9 algorithms: Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning Fog Index, Coleman-Liau Index, Simple Measure of the Gobbledygook Index (SMOG), Automated Readability Index, FORCAST, and New Dale and Chall Index. A list of suggested word changes to improve the readability of included articles was compiled from Readable Pro. The average number of illustrations (images and/or videos) included per article was documented.
Results: Twenty-eight articles were included for analysis. For each of the algorithms studied, the average scores were as follows: Flesch Kincaid Grade Level was 8.8 ± .8 [range, 7.2-10.2]; recommended score: ≤ 8.0, Flesch Reading Ease 54.3 ± 5.3 [range, 45.3-64.1]; recommended score: ≥ 60, Gunning Fog 10.8 ± 1.2 [range, 8.3-13.1]; recommended score: ≤ 8.0, Coleman-Liau 11.2 ± .9 [range, 9.2-12.9]; recommended score: ≤8.0, SMOG index 11.4 ± .8 [range, 9.2-12.9]; recommended score: ≤ 8.0 , Automated Readability Index 8.4 ± .8 [range, 6.9-10.0]; recommended score: ≤ 8.0, FORCAST 11.2 ± .4 [range, 10.2-12.0]; recommended score: ≤ 9.0, and New Dale and Chall Index 5.8 ± .5 [range, 4.9-7.2 recommended score: ≤ 6.0-6.9]. The average number of illustrations per article was 4.5 ± 3.1 [range, 1-14].
Conclusion: The readability of most patient education materials from the AAOS pertaining to diseases and conditions of the shoulder is higher than recommended across a variety of algorithms. Efforts to revise the readability of online education materials are important to facilitate shared decision-making, particularly in practice settings where most decisions are preference-sensitive.

Keywords:  AAOS; Grade level; Health literacy; Patient education materials; Readability; Shoulder

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseint.2022.09.004
Digit Health. 2023 Jan-Dec;9:9 20552076231155681

The quality of informational social support in online health communities: A content analysis of cancer-related discussions.

Gregor Petrič, Marjan Cugmas, Rok Petrič, Sara Atanasova.

   Objective: Informational social support is one of the main reasons for patients to visit online health communities (OHCs). Calls have been made to investigate the objective quality of such support in the light of a worrying number of inaccurate online health-related information. The main aim of this study is to conceptualize the Quality of Informational Social Support (QISS) and develop and test a measure of QISS for content analysis. A further aim is to investigate the level of QISS in cancer-related messages in the largest OHC in Slovenia and examine the differences among various types of discussion forums, namely, online consultation forums, online support group forums, and socializing forums.
Methods: A multidimensional measurement instrument was developed, which included 20 items in a coding scheme for a content analysis of cancer-related messages. On a set of almost three million posts published between 2015 and 2019, a machine-learning algorithm was used to detect cancer-related discussions in the OHC. We then identified the messages providing informational social support, and through quantitative content analysis, three experts coded a random sample of 403 cancer-related messages for the QISS.
Results: The results demonstrate a good level of interrater reliability and agreement for a QISS scale with six dimensions, each demonstrating good internal consistency. The results reveal large differences among the social support, socializing, and consultation forums, with the latter recording significantly higher quality in terms of accuracy (M = 4.48, P < .001), trustworthiness (M = 4.65, P < .001), relevance (M = 3.59, P < .001), and justification (M = 3.81, P = .05) in messages providing informational social support regarding cancer-related issues.
Conclusions: This study provides the research field with a valid tool to further investigate the factors and consequences of varying quality of information exchanged in supportive communication. From a practical perspective, OHCs should dedicate more resources and develop mechanisms for the professional moderation of health-related topics in socializing forums and thereby suppress the publication and dissemination of low-quality information among OHC users and visitors.

Keywords:  Online health community; cancer; informational support; quality of information

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231155681