bims-librar Biomed News
on Biomedical librarianship
Issue of 2022–10–16
eightteen papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society
  1. Scientific paper recommendation systems: a literature review of recent publications.
  2. United States v Google-Implications of the Antitrust Lawsuit for Health Information.
  3. Public Libraries as Supportive Environments for Children's Development of Critical Health Literacy.
  4. Construction of Online Teaching Acceptance Model of University Library under the Epidemic Situation.
  5. Deduplication records in systematic reviews: there are free accurate automated ways to do so.
  6. Analysis of the Influence of Library Information on the Utilization of Regional Environmental and Ecological Resources: From the Perspective of Intelligent Adaptive Learning.
  7. Cancer Risk Behaviors, Cancer Beliefs, and Health Information Seeking Among Under-Represented Populations in San Francisco: Differences by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity.
  8. How Internet Websites Portray Herbal Vitality Products Containing Eurycoma longifolia Jack: An Evaluation of the Quality and Risks of Online Information.
  9. Analyzing opioid-use disorder websites in the United States: An optimized website usability study.
  10. Readability of online patient educational materials for common orthopaedic paediatric conditions within Australasia.
  11. An Analysis of the Readability of Phacoemulsification Online Resources.
  12. Readability, Content, and Accountability Assessment of Online Health Information for Retinitis Pigmentosa & Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment Options.
  13. Assessing the quality and readability of online content on shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction.
  14. Quality and content evaluation of websites with information about immune checkpoint inhibitors: An environmental scan.
  15. Quality of online video resources concerning patient education for neck pain: A YouTube-based quality-control study.
  16. Understanding Health Information Behaviors of Migrant Domestic Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
  17. Exploring enablers and inhibitors of eHealth educational tools: The needs of women searching for HPV and cervical cancer information.
  18. Academic integrity among medical students and postgraduate trainees in the teaching hospitals of South Punjab Pakistan.
  1. Int J Digit Libr. 2022 Oct 05. 1-35
    Scientific paper recommendation systems: a literature review of recent publications.
    Christin Katharina Kreutz, Ralf Schenkel.
      Scientific writing builds upon already published papers. Manual identification of publications to read, cite or consider as related papers relies on a researcher's ability to identify fitting keywords or initial papers from which a literature search can be started. The rapidly increasing amount of papers has called for automatic measures to find the desired relevant publications, so-called paper recommendation systems. As the number of publications increases so does the amount of paper recommendation systems. Former literature reviews focused on discussing the general landscape of approaches throughout the years and highlight the main directions. We refrain from this perspective, instead we only consider a comparatively small time frame but analyse it fully. In this literature review we discuss used methods, datasets, evaluations and open challenges encountered in all works first released between January 2019 and October 2021. The goal of this survey is to provide a comprehensive and complete overview of current paper recommendation systems.
    Keywords:  Literature review; Paper recommendation system; Publication suggestion
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-022-00339-w
  2. JAMA Health Forum. 2020 Dec 01. 1(12): e201447
    United States v Google-Implications of the Antitrust Lawsuit for Health Information.
    Gregory Curfman.
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.1447
  3. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 20. pii: 11896. [Epub ahead of print]19(19):
    Public Libraries as Supportive Environments for Children's Development of Critical Health Literacy.
    Catherine L Jenkins, Susie Sykes, Jane Wills.
      Critical health literacy enables individuals to use cognitive and social resources for informed action on the wider determinants of health. Promoting critical health literacy early in the life-course may contribute to improved health outcomes in the long term, but children's opportunities to develop critical health literacy are limited and tend to be school-based. This study applies a settings-based approach to analyse the potential of public libraries in England to be supportive environments for children's development of critical health literacy. The study adopted institutional ethnography as a framework to explore the public library as an everyday setting for children. A children's advisory group informed the study design. Thirteen children and 19 public library staff and community stakeholders were interviewed. The study results indicated that the public library was not seen by children, staff, or community stakeholders as a setting for health. Its policies and structure purport to develop health literacy, but the political nature of critical health literacy was seen as outside its remit. A supersetting approach in which children's everyday settings work together is proposed and a conceptual model of the public library role is presented.
    Keywords:  children’s health literacy; critical health literacy; health literacy; public libraries; settings-based approach; social practice; supersetting approach; supportive environments for health
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911896
  4. J Environ Public Health. 2022 ;2022 5628711
    Construction of Online Teaching Acceptance Model of University Library under the Epidemic Situation.
    Nan Wu.
      In order to improve the online teaching quality of university libraries, this paper puts forward the construction of the online teaching acceptance model of university libraries under the background of the epidemic situation, constructs the basic theoretical framework of the teaching evaluation system, establishes the basic evaluation indicators, takes the online teaching quality evaluation and the operability of the evaluation system as the constraint object, and determines the index parameter set after class review; the three modules were guided and trained. Based on the big data analysis of the evaluation index system, accurate teaching quality scores or grades were calculated, and the online teaching acceptance evaluation of university libraries was realized. The results of empirical analysis show that this method can realize the accurate evaluation of teaching quality, promote the deep integration of online teaching theory and practice in university libraries, and improve the acceptance level of online teaching quality.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5628711
  5. J Clin Epidemiol. 2022 Oct 11. pii: S0895-4356(22)00256-6. [Epub ahead of print]
    Deduplication records in systematic reviews: there are free accurate automated ways to do so.
    Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães, Andrêa Jacqueline Fortes Ferreira, Rita de Cássia Ribeiro Silva, Adelzon Assis de Paula, Cinthia Soares Lisboa, Laio Magno, Maria Yury Ichiara, Maurício Lima Barreto.
       OBJECTIVE: Here, we examined the accuracy measures of a set of automated deduplication tools to identify duplicate in the eligibility process of systematic reviews.
    STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A planned search strategy was carried out on seven electronic databases until May 31, 2021. Using manual search as the reference standard, we assessed sensibility, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV).
    RESULTS: Specificity ranged from 0.97 to 1.00. Rayyan, Mendeley and Systematic Review Accelerator (SRA) presented high sensibility (0.98 [95% CI= 0.94-1.00]; 0.93 [95% CI= 0.88-0.97] and 0.90 [95% CI=0.84-0.95], respectively), while EndNote X9 and Zotero had only fair sensitivity (0.73 [95% CI= 0.65-0.80] and 0.74 [95% CI= 0.66-0.81], respectively). NPV ranged from 0.99 to 1.00. Mendeley and SRA had good PPV (0.93 [95% CI= 0.88-0.97] and 0.99 [95% CI= 0.96-1.00], respectively. PPV was fair for EndNote X9 (0.61 [95% CI= 0.54-0.69]) and Zotero (0.62 [95% CI= 0.54-0.69]) and poor for Rayyan (0.41 [95% CI= 0.36-0.47]).
    CONCLUSION: Choosing the most suitable tool depends on its interface's characteristics, the algorithm to identify and exclude duplicates, and the transparency of the process. Therefore, Rayyan, Mendeley, and SRA proved to be accurate enough for the systematic reviews' deduplication step.
    Keywords:  Accuracy; Deduplication; Epidemiological research; Libraries; Nutrition research methodologies; Systematic review
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.10.009
  6. J Environ Public Health. 2022 ;2022 1110105
    Analysis of the Influence of Library Information on the Utilization of Regional Environmental and Ecological Resources: From the Perspective of Intelligent Adaptive Learning.
    Shujie Jiang, Xuemei Yang.
      In order to further develop and improve the management theory of public libraries, this paper studies the impact of library information on the utilization of regional environmental resources from the perspective of intelligent adaptive learning. Firstly, based on the data envelopment analysis method, this paper measures the efficiency of Public Libraries in various regions of China. Then, using Tobit model, this paper analyzes the environmental factors affecting the efficiency of public libraries from three aspects: financial allocation, per capita GDP, and per capita years of education. The results show that there is a significant correlation between per capita GDP, per capita years of education, and the efficiency of public libraries. There is a significant negative correlation between per capita GDP and public library efficiency (the coefficient is -5.73x10-6, and the probability of two-sided t-test is 0.0229); There is a significant positive correlation between the number of years of education per capita and the efficiency of Public Libraries (the coefficient is 0.0684, and the probability of two-sided t-test is 0.0169). Conclusion: This study provides a reference for the performance evaluation of provincial public libraries.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1110105
  7. Health Equity. 2022 ;6(1): 669-680
    Cancer Risk Behaviors, Cancer Beliefs, and Health Information Seeking Among Under-Represented Populations in San Francisco: Differences by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity.
    Eduardo J Santiago-Rodríguez, Natalie A Rivadeneira, Michelle A DeVost, Urmimala Sarkar, Robert A Hiatt.
       Purpose: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals in the United States are at increased risk of cancer compared to the non-SGM population. Understanding how SGM persons perceive cancer risk and their practices and preferences for accessing health information is key for improving the preventive and health care services they receive.
    Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from the San Francisco Health Information National Trends Survey. SGM individuals were identified by self-report. Differences in cancer risk factors, cancer beliefs, and health information seeking were evaluated by SGM status using multivariable logistic regression models.
    Results: Out of 1027 participants, 130 (13%) reported being SGM individuals. Current smoking (odds ratio [OR]=1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.24-3.01) and alcohol use (OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.10-2.59) were more common among SGM persons than among non-SGM persons. No differences by SGM status were observed in health information seeking behaviors, preferences, and cancer beliefs, but SGM participants reported significantly higher odds of feeling frustrated (OR=1.78, 95% CI=1.20-2.64) and having concerns about the quality of the information (OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.03-2.31) during their most recent health information search.
    Conclusions: Intervention efforts aimed at SGM individuals with current use of tobacco and/or alcohol should be expanded. SGM communities also need improved access to consistent, reliable, and accurate sources of health information. Their increased frustration when seeking health information and concerns about the quality of the information they find have important implications for SGM health and care, and the drivers of these differences merit further evaluation.
    Keywords:  San Francisco; cancer beliefs; cancer risk behaviors; health information seeking; sexual and gender minority; sexual orientation and gender identity
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2022.0013
  8. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 20. pii: 11853. [Epub ahead of print]19(19):
    How Internet Websites Portray Herbal Vitality Products Containing Eurycoma longifolia Jack: An Evaluation of the Quality and Risks of Online Information.
    Mohd Shahezwan Abd Wahab, Nurfarah Nadiah Abd Hamid, Ali Omar Yassen, Mohd Javed Naim, Javed Ahamad, Nur Wahida Zulkifli, Farhana Fakhira Ismail, Muhammad Harith Zulkifli, Khang Wen Goh, Long Chiau Ming.
       BACKGROUND: Tongkat Ali (TA) or Eurycoma longifolia is a herbal medicine (HM) plant traditionally used to treat sexual dysfunction and enhance libido in men. Websites containing information about HM are abundant. However, studies have shown that in general the quality of websites containing information on HM is low. The present study aims to assess the quality and risks of websites containing information about TA supplements and to identify the health claims for TA.
    METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study to evaluate the quality and risks of websites discussing TA supplements was conducted. Online marketing websites, research articles, news articles, personal opinions, and those restricted by password were excluded. The quality and risks of websites were assessed using a modified DISCERN tool and a set of risk assessment criteria, respectively. The health claims for TA were identified and analyzed using content analysis.
    RESULTS: Overall, 321 websites met the inclusion criteria and were further evaluated. The overall rating of the quality of the websites was low, with a mean score ± standard deviation of 1.07 ± 0.51. Most websites lacked information that there may be more than one possible treatment choice and did not discuss areas of uncertainty. However, 67.9% (218/321) of the websites received a risk score of zero. A minority of websites (5/321, 1.6%) discouraged the use of conventional medicines. The most common health claims for TA included in the websites related to the enhancement of testosterone level (121/321, 37.7%), treatment of malaria (112/321, 34.9%), and improvement in libido (108/321, 33.6%).
    CONCLUSIONS: Websites containing information about TA supplements generally have a low-quality rating based on a modified DISCERN tool despite having a low-risk score. Government agencies and healthcare professionals (HCPs) must be more proactive in the critique and dissemination of information relating to HM, and in ensuring the safe use of HM among the public and patients.
    Keywords:  Tongkat Ali; health informatic; herbal medicine; human and health; men’s health; public health
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911853
  9. Digit Health. 2022 Jan-Dec;8:8 20552076221121529
    Analyzing opioid-use disorder websites in the United States: An optimized website usability study.
    Shuhan He, Saishravan Shyamsundar, Paul Chong, Jasmine Kannikal, Joshua Calvano, Neha Balapal, Nick Kallenberg, Adarsh Balaji, Amala Ankem, Alister Martin.
       Background: As the United States continues to tackle the opioid epidemic, it is imperative for digital healthcare organizations to provide Internet users with accurate and accessible online resources so that they can make informed decisions with regards to their health.
    Objective: The primary objectives were to adapt and modify a previously established usability methodology from literature, apply this modified methodology in order to perform usability analysis of opioid-use-disorder (OUD)-related websites, and make important recommendations that OUD-related digital health organizations may utilize to improve their online presence.
    Methods: A list of 208 websites (later refined) was generated for usability testing using a modified Google Search methodology. Four keywords were chosen and used in the search: "DEA-X Waiver Training", "opioid-use-disorder (OUD) Initiatives", "Buprenorphine Assisted Treatment", and "Opioid-Use Disorder Websites". Usability analysis was performed concurrently with optimization of the methodology. OUD websites were analyzed and scored on several usability categories established by previous literature.
    Results: "DEA-X Waiver Training" yielded websites that scored the highest average in "Accessibility" (0.84), while "Opioid-Use Disorder Websites" yielded websites that scored the highest average in "Content Quality" (0.67). "Buprenorphine Assisted Treatment" yielded websites that scored the highest average across "Marketing" (0.52), "Technology" (0.89), "General Usability" (0.69), and "Overall Usability" (0.68). "Technology" and "Marketing" were the highest and lowest scoring usability categories, respectively. T-test analysis revealed that each usability, except "Marketing" had a pair of one or more keywords that were significantly different with a p-value that was equal to or less than 0.05.
    Conclusions: Based on the study findings, we recommend that digital organizations in the OUD space should improve their "General Usability" score by making their websites easier to find online. Doing so, may allow users, especially individuals in the OUD space, to discover accurate information that they are seeking. Based on the study findings, we also made important recommendations that OUD-related digital organizations may utilize in order to improve website usability as well as overall reach.
    Keywords:  Opioid epidemic; opioid-use disorder; usability testing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076221121529
  10. ANZ J Surg. 2022 Oct;92(10): 2667-2671
    Readability of online patient educational materials for common orthopaedic paediatric conditions within Australasia.
    Alistair M Lock, Baptiste Boukebous, Joseph F Baker.
       BACKGROUND: The role of patient educational materials for paediatric patients is increasing. A reading grade level of eighth-grade (USA) or year nine (Australia and New Zealand) is recommended as acceptable. The aim of this paper was to assess the reading grade levels of paediatric online patient educational materials, within Australasia.
    METHODS: The online Google® search engine was used with a variety of keyword combinations, filtered to the location of Australia and New Zealand. Suitable websites were explored for webpages related to slipped upper femoral epiphysis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, talipes equinovarus and developmental dysplasia of the hip. Readability was assessed using the online readability software WEB FX®.
    RESULTS: Seventy-six patient educational webpages were analysed: 66 from Australia and 10 from New Zealand. Only eight of the 76 webpages (10.5%) had reading grade levels below the recommended eighth-grade (US)/year nine (AUS/NZ) level. Webpages from private healthcare providers and pages related to septic arthritis had the significantly highest reading grades.
    CONCLUSIONS: Australasian families have limited online patient educational materials available to them, which are mostly set at reading grade levels above recommended standards. Healthcare providers should be incentivized to improve the readability of their patient educational materials to reduce health disparities and improve health literacy moving forward.
    Keywords:  DDH; SUFE; osteomyelitis; paediatric orthopaedics; patient educational material; septic arthritis; talipes equinovarus
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/ans.17960
  11. Cureus. 2022 Sep;14(9): e29223
    An Analysis of the Readability of Phacoemulsification Online Resources.
    David F Santos, Gabriel F Santos Malave, Nasir Asif, Natalio Izquierdo.
       INTRODUCTION: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Phacoemulsification is now the gold standard for cataract extraction and is greatly needed in low socioeconomic status (SES) communities, rural and older patient populations, and patients with poor vision. This greatly increases the importance of high readability for online resources on this topic. This study aims to assess the readability of online information about phacoemulsification based on readability scores for each resource.  Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study. The term "phacoemulsification" was searched online, and each website was categorized by type: academic, physician, non-physician, commercial, social media, and unspecified. The readability scores for each website were calculated using six different readability tests and a composite score that reflects reading grade level was obtained. To evaluate the difference between the categories of websites, analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing was used. All test scores were compared with the 6th grade standard recommendation using a one-sample t-test.
    RESULTS: A total of 20 websites were analyzed. Three websites (3/20; 15%) had a score which is correlated with a 6th grade reading level or below. Seventeen websites had a score correlated with a college reading level or above (17/20; 85%). None of the readability scores had a mean below a 6th grade reading level. No category had an average readability score at or below a 6th grade reading level. None of the mean readability scores resulted in a statistically significant difference across categories. All readability tests had an average score which was significantly different from a 6th grade reading level (p<0.001).  Conclusions: This is the first study to focus on the accessibility of online English resources on phacoemulsification and implement multiple standardized readability scores with regards to cataract surgery resources. It provides further overwhelming evidence that online resources on phacoemulsification are too complex for the average patient to understand. Interventions should be implemented to improve readability.
    Keywords:  cataract; health literacy; medical education; phacoemulsification; readability
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29223
  12. Ophthalmic Genet. 2022 Oct 14. 1-6
    Readability, Content, and Accountability Assessment of Online Health Information for Retinitis Pigmentosa & Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment Options.
    Stacy Partin, Eleanor Westfall, Gregory Sanda, Kari Branham, Kelly Muir, Cecelia Bellcross, Nieraj Jain.
       PURPOSE: New therapies for retinitis pigmentosa (RP) have led to patients desiring more information about their disease. We assessed the readability, content, and accountability of online health information for RP and its treatments.
    METHODS: Two internet queries were performed: one pertaining to the condition RP, and another pertaining to treatments of RP. Three analyses were performed on the top search results that met eligibility criteria: (1) A readability analysis produced an average reading level; (2) A content analysis was conducted to score each source on the accuracy, completeness, clarity, and organization of the content; and (3) An accountability analysis was performed to evaluate adherence to accountability benchmarks, including authorship, attribution, disclosure, and currency.
    RESULTS: The mean reading level was 12.0 (SD = 3.2, 95% CI = 11.0-13.0) for the 8 RP webpages and 12.5 (SD = 3.1, 95% CI = 11.7-13.4) for the 10 RP treatment webpages. The mean content score for RP sites was 21.3 of 32 points (SD = 4.1, 95% CI = 19.5-23.0). The mean content score for RP treatment sites was 5.5 out of 16 points (SD = 3.7, 95% CI = 4.1-6.9). The inter-rater reliability was 0.973 (Cronbach's alpha). For RP sites, the mean accountability score was 2.6 out of 4 points (SD = 0.9, 95% CI = 1.9-3.4). For RP treatment sites, the mean accountability score was 2 out of 4 points (SD = 0.9, 95% CI = 1.4-2.6).
    CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the online information available to patients regarding RP and RP treatment options exceeds the AMA-recommended sixth-grade reading level and contains gaps in content relevant to patients.
    Keywords:  Retinitis pigmentosa; online information; patient resources; readability; reading level
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/13816810.2022.2135113
  13. Andrologia. 2022 Oct 14. e14607
    Assessing the quality and readability of online content on shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction.
    Raghuram V Reddy, Roei Golan, Justin Loloi, Parris Diaz, Russell G Saltzman, Arjun Watane, Ranjith Ramasamy.
      Patients are becoming increasingly reliant on online platforms for obtaining health information. Previous research has shown that the quality of information available on the internet regarding novel medical therapies is generally poor and frequently misleading. Shock wave therapy represents a novel restorative therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED) that has recently gained attention. We hypothesised that online sources regarding shock wave therapy for ED would be fraught with misleading claims and unreliable health information. Our objective was to evaluate the quality and readability of online medical information on shock wave therapy as a treatment for ED. Websites were generated using a Google search of 'shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction' with location filters disabled. Readability was analysed using the Readable software (Readable.com, Horsham, United Kingdom). Quality was assessed independently by three reviewers using the DISCERN tool. Articles were subdivided into those from private clinic websites and those from universities or news media websites. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Student's t test. Nine articles that resulted from the Google search had mean readability scores as follows: Flesch-Kincaid grade level (10.8), Gunning-Fog Index (13.67), Coleman-Liau Index (12.74), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Index (13.33), FORCAST Grade Level (11.33), and Automated Readability Index (11.08). The mean Flesch Reading Ease score was 46.4. The articles had a mean DISCERN score of 3.1, suggesting 'moderate quality' content. Articles from universities (n = 2) or news sources (n = 3) had significantly higher DISCERN scores than articles from private medical practices (n = 4). There was no difference in readability scores between the groups. Articles from private clinics are just as readable as those from universities or news media, but they are significantly more biased and misleading. The current online material relating to shock wave therapy for ED may not adequately inform patients in their medical decisions making, thereby necessitating closer collaboration between the sources disseminating information and urologists.
    Keywords:  content quality; erectile dysfunction; internet; readability; shock wave therapy
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/and.14607
  14. PLoS One. 2022 ;17(10): e0275676
    Quality and content evaluation of websites with information about immune checkpoint inhibitors: An environmental scan.
    Juan Ignacio Ruiz, Gagandeep Singh, McKenna Erck, Yimin Geng, Maria E Suarez-Almazor, Maria A Lopez-Olivo.
       BACKGROUND: Trustworthy educational information for patients is critical for increasing their knowledge base and preparing them for shared decision making with clinicians. As the internet has become an important source of health information for many patients, the purpose of this study was to assess the quality and content of websites with educational content about immune checkpoint inhibitors.
    METHODS: We performed an environmental scan of the currently available websites providing educational information for patients about immune checkpoint inhibitors. We used three search engines: Google, Bing, and Yahoo! (9/20/2021). Two independent investigators selected relevant uniform resource locators (URLs), appraised the quality of the websites, and collected their characteristics. We evaluated the accuracy, completeness, technical elements, design and aesthetics, readability, usability, and accessibility of the websites. The user experience was also evaluated.
    RESULTS: We identified 37 websites for analysis. In 10 websites (27%), it was not possible to know the source of the information provided. Thirty-three (89%) provided a definition with a simple explanation of cancer and treatment and 30 (81%) on complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors; only seven (19%) provided information about the balance between risks and benefits. Thirty-five (95%) provided a statement of purpose. Regarding the design, all 37 (100%) had appropriate visual aspects, typography, and grammar. Thirty-six (97%) were well organized. For most of the websites (n = 35, 95%) the content was easy to find. Only two websites had a readability score of 6, while the others had higher scores. Regarding the user experience, the overall quality of websites was rated as excellent in 16 (43%), good in 14 (38%), and fair in 7 (19%).
    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal that websites with information about immune checkpoint inhibitors mostly have general information about cancer, the treatments, and adverse events. Few websites provide information about the balance between harms and benefits of treatment, costs, the source of the information, or the hierarchy of evidence. These findings identify the gap in the quality and content of websites for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and can help website creators and developers.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275676
  15. Front Public Health. 2022 ;10 972348
    Quality of online video resources concerning patient education for neck pain: A YouTube-based quality-control study.
    Xiang Zhang, Yi Yang, Yi-Wei Shen, Ke-Rui Zhang, Li-Tai Ma, Chen Ding, Bei-Yu Wang, Yang Meng, Hao Liu.
       Background: More than 70 percent of the world's population is tortured with neck pain more than once in their vast life, of which 50-85% recur within 1-5 years of the initial episode. With medical resources affected by the epidemic, more and more people seek health-related knowledge via YouTube. This article aims to assess the quality and reliability of the medical information shared on YouTube regarding neck pain.
    Methods: We searched on YouTube using the keyword "neck pain" to include the top 50 videos by relevance, then divided them into five and seven categories based on their content and source. Each video was quantitatively assessed using the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), DISCERN, Global Quality Score (GQS), Neck Pain-Specific Score (NPSS), and video power index (VPI). Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between JAMA, GQS, DISCERN, NPSS and VPI. A multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify video features affecting JAMA, GQS, DISCERN, and NPSS.
    Results: The videos had a mean JAMA score of 2.56 (SD = 0.43), DISCERN of 2.55 (SD = 0.44), GQS of 2.86 (SD = 0.72), and NPSS of 2.90 (SD = 2.23). Classification by video upload source, non-physician videos had the greatest share at 38%, and sorted by video content, exercise training comprised 40% of the videos. Significant differences between the uploading sources were observed for VPI (P = 0.012), JAMA (P < 0.001), DISCERN (P < 0.001), GQS (P = 0.001), and NPSS (P = 0.007). Spearman correlation analysis showed that JAMA, DISCERN, GQS, and NPSS significantly correlated with each other (JAMA vs. DISCERN, p < 0.001, JAMA vs. GQS, p < 0.001, JAMA vs. NPSS, p < 0.001, DISCERN vs. GQS, p < 0.001, DISCERN vs. NPSS, p < 0.001, GQS vs. NPSS, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that a higher JAMA score, DISCERN, or GQS score were closely related to a higher probability of an academic, physician, non-physician or medical upload source (P < 0.005), and a higher NPSS score was associated with a higher probability of an academic source (P = 0.001) than of an individual upload source.
    Conclusions: YouTube videos pertaining to neck pain contain low quality, low reliability, and incomplete information. Patients may be put at risk for health complications due to inaccurate, and incomplete information, particularly during the COVID-19 crisis. Academic groups should be committed to high-quality video production and promotion to YouTube users.
    Keywords:  YouTube; content analysis; education; neck pain; quality-control study
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.972348
  16. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 01. pii: 12549. [Epub ahead of print]19(19):
    Understanding Health Information Behaviors of Migrant Domestic Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
    Jeffry Oktavianus, Yanqing Sun, Fangcao Lu.
      Migrant domestic workers (MDWs) in Hong Kong remain vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Obtaining accurate information is essential for MDWs as it helps them understand their predicament and protect themselves. Therefore, this study delves into the MDWs' health literacy by scrutinizing how they acquire, verify, and respond to pandemic-related information. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 Indonesian MDWs, recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. The data were examined using a constant comparative approach in grounded theory. The findings reveal that the participants engaged in information seeking and scanning to obtain health crisis information, mainly through their friends, family members, and community organizations. The participants also verified the information using their judgment or by consulting other actors, such as local organizations and media outlets. The messages they obtained informed the means to protect themselves, which motivated them to adopt preventive measures. However, some also engaged in maladaptive coping, such as taking ineffective preventive actions. The participants also disseminated health crisis information throughout their social circle. This study concluded that MDWs performed four health information behaviors during the pandemic, namely information acquisition, authentication, sharing, and adoption of preventive measures. However, their information practices may change at different stages of the pandemic.
    Keywords:  health crisis; health information; health literacy; migrant domestic workers; misinformation
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912549
  17. Digit Health. 2022 Jan-Dec;8:8 20552076221130189
    Exploring enablers and inhibitors of eHealth educational tools: The needs of women searching for HPV and cervical cancer information.
    Hind Bitar, Sarah Alismail.
       Objective: This study explored the information women want to know about HPV and cervical cancer, and the enablers or inhibitors that may contribute to, or prevent, seeking online health information.
    Methods: Two focus groups were conducted with women from the general public, followed by interviews with 12 physicians practicing in Saudi Arabia. The data was analyzed by using a thematic analysis approach.
    Results: Researchers of this study identified six topics of information that were need-related, ten that were enabling, and six inhibiting subthemes related to online information seeking about HPV and cervical cancer.
    Discussion and conclusion: In accordance with the identified themes and sub-themes, we offer recommendations to optimize the health information-seeking task related to HPV and cervical cancer through eHealth educational solutions. User- and expert-based feedback can both strengthen and inform the design, development, and implementation of eHealth interventions.
    Keywords:  HPV; cervical cancer; eHealth educational technology; eHealth intervention; information seeking
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076221130189
  18. Health Info Libr J. 2022 Oct 14.
    Academic integrity among medical students and postgraduate trainees in the teaching hospitals of South Punjab Pakistan.
    Mehreen Azam, Salman Bin Naeem.
      This study investigated the topic of the academic integrity among medical students and postgraduate trainees in the teaching hospitals of South Punjab, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 318 medical students and postgraduate trainees of teaching hospitals. The results found that medical students of pre-clinical years engaged in unethical behaviour, that is, exam cheating and plagiarism to cope with internal and external evaluation and the range of subjects needed to be studied. For postgraduate trainees, results showed trainees unintentionally engaged in the practice of plagiarism due to lack of understanding about what constitutes plagiarism, coupled with externally perceived pressures associated with expectations of research publication, promotions and tenured positions. To address these concerns, it is recommended that information literacy sessions for undergraduate and postgraduate medical students on plagiarism prevention and ethical practice be designed and facilitated by medical librarians in collaboration of faculty members.
    Keywords:  academic; education; graduate; information literacy; libraries; literacy programmes; medical; plagiarism; students
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12458
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