bims-librar Biomed News
on Biomedical librarianship
Issue of 2022–08–14
twenty-one papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society
  1. Survey of bioinformatics courses and concentrations in ALA-accredited master's programs.
  2. Beyond traditional library spaces: the practicalities of closing hospital libraries and opening a virtual library.
  3. Are Canadian medicine librarians directly supporting medical student health and wellness? A nation-wide survey.
  4. Developing a code of practice for literature searching in health sciences: a project description.
  5. When conducting a systematic review, can one trade search efficiency for potential publication bias?
  6. An environmental scan of librarian involvement in systematic reviews at Queen's University: 2020 update.
  7. Predictors of citation count for systematic reviews in ophthalmology.
  8. Hotspot Mining in the Field of Library and Information Science under the Environment of Big Data.
  9. Systematic review support received and needed by researchers: a survey of libraries supporting Ontario medical schools.
  10. Evolution-revolution-devolution: a short history of the provision of knowledge-based information services to Manitoba's health professionals.
  11. CHLA Standards for Library and Information Services in Canadian Health & Social Services Institutions 2020.
  12. Challenges with organization, discoverability and access in Canadian open health data repositories.
  13. Evaluation of Medical Information on Male Sexual Dysfunction on Baidu Encyclopedia and Wikipedia: Comparative Study.
  14. An evaluation of the quality of COVID-19 websites in terms of HON principles and using DISCERN tool.
  15. Readability of Online Foot and Ankle Surgery Patient Education Materials.
  16. A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Quality, Readability, and Technical Quality of Online Information on Glaucoma.
  17. Does YouTube™ provide reliable information on oral candidiasis?
  18. Assessment of the educational value of endodontic access cavity preparation YouTube video as a learning resource for students.
  19. The reliability, functional quality, understandability, and actionability of fall prevention content in YouTube: an observational study.
  20. Evaluating the quality, utility, and reliability of the information in uveitis videos shared on YouTube.
  21. Social capital and health information seeking in China.
  1. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2022 Aug;43(2): 58-67
    Survey of bioinformatics courses and concentrations in ALA-accredited master's programs.
    Leah Graham, Melissa Moleirinho.
       Introduction: The interdisciplinary field of bioinformatics is considered an information-based discipline by many. Yet, it is unclear how Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) degrees prepare librarians to apply their expertise in this unique, often non-textual information environment. The goal of this study is to identify the availability of MLIS-based bioinformatics educational opportunities to provide an update to the current bioinformatics landscape in North American MLIS programs or iSchools.
    Methods: We conducted a survey of available bioinformatics courses and program concentrations within 69 ALA-accredited master's programs. Using course catalogues and program descriptions on department websites, we identified the existence of courses and concentrations specific or related to the field of bioinformatics. We also surveyed the availability of associated certificate programs or degree alternatives.
    Results: Only two library and information science (LIS)-based bioinformatics courses are currently offered to MLIS students in ALA-accredited programs. There are no bioinformatics concentrations offered in the programs surveyed, however two graduate certificates could be applied towards an ALA-accredited master's degree. Students interested in related fields can pursue degree alternatives, including eight dual degree options.
    Discussion: The scarcity of LIS-based bioinformatics courses and program concentrations may suggest that LIS has not adopted bioinformatics into their field nor curricula. As a result, students interested in pursuing careers in bioinformatics and related disciplines must actively seek out opportunities for education and professional development. Bioinformatics degree options within MLIS or iSchools points towards an increased dialogue and acceptance of the connection between bioinformatics and information science, but the lack of ALA -accreditation limits possibilities for emerging librarians.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29617
  2. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2021 Apr;42(1): 66-73
    Beyond traditional library spaces: the practicalities of closing hospital libraries and opening a virtual library.
    Carol A Cooke.
       Introduction: The closure of hospital libraries is a noteworthy trend taking place across North America. A Canadian university and its affiliated health authority chose to close eight hospital libraries and merge them into one virtual library service based on changing use of library services, technology and budgetary concerns. This case study describes the processes and considerations both for closing library spaces and transitioning to a new virtual library service.
    Description: Project management processes efficiently guided the project to completion. These processes included stakeholder consultation, project proposal, timeline, work breakdown structure and project risk analysis. These along with context specific concerns such as closing physical spaces, communication, staffing and licencing issues impacted the successful completion of the project. The hospital libraries were closed and transitioned to a virtual library service within a six-month period. The new virtual library service launched in January 2018 offering document delivery, literature searching, online training and access to electronic resources licensed for health authority staff.
    Outcomes: Lessons learned during the transition to a virtual library service are shared to provide support for others considering, planning or actively undergoing a similar transition.
    Discussion: No librarian wants to close one library let alone several. Budgetary factors pressure health sciences libraries to adapt to new fiscal realities. In the health sciences, online availability and patrons desire for access at the bedside result in the need for libraries to respond to patron driven needs. A virtual library service is one response to the alignment of these factors.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29434
  3. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2021 Dec;42(3): 164-173
    Are Canadian medicine librarians directly supporting medical student health and wellness? A nation-wide survey.
    Jackie Phinney, Lucy Kiester.
       Introduction: Students in Undergraduate Medical Education (UGME/UME) programs face a variety of stressors that can affect well-being. To address this, the Committee on Accreditation of Canadian Medical Schools (CACMS) mandates that medical schools offer support and programming that promotes student well-being. Academic librarians are accustomed to providing outreach that meets their faculties' needs. Therefore, the goal of this study was to explore if Canadian undergraduate medical education librarians are supporting medical student wellness at their medical schools, and how.
    Methods: A bilingual, electronic survey containing multiple choice and open-ended questions was distributed across two Canadian health sciences library listservs during the summer of 2020. Librarians supporting UGME/UME programs now or within the last three years were invited to participate.
    Results: 22 Responses were received, and 17 complete datasets were included in the final results. The majority of respondents have encountered a medical student in distress (n=10) and have adjusted their teaching style or materials to help reduce stress in medical students (n=9). Other initiatives such as resource purchasing, wellness-themed displays, planning wellness-themed events and spaces, and partnerships on campus in support of medical student wellness were less common.
    Discussion: The data in this study provides evidence that Canadian undergraduate medical education librarians are mindful of medical student well-being, and are taking steps to provide relevant support to this learner group. Librarians could adopt similar initiatives at their libraries to show support for learner wellness, and enhance their programs' accreditation efforts in this area.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29565
  4. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2022 Apr;43(1): 12-27
    Developing a code of practice for literature searching in health sciences: a project description.
    Brooke Ballantyne Scott, Susan Baer, Ashley Farrell, Pat Lee, Jackie MacDonald, Danielle Rabb, Marcus Vaska.
       Introduction: Libraries have provided mediated search services for more than forty years without a practice standard to guide the execution of searches, training of searchers, or evaluation of search performance. A pan-Canadian group of librarians completed a study of the literature on mediated search practices from 2014-2017 as a first step in addressing this deficit.
    Methods: We used a three-phase, six-part content analysis process to examine and analyze published guidance on literature searching. Card sorting, Delphi methods, and an online questionnaire were then used to validate our findings and build a code of practice.
    Results: Our code of practice for mediated searching lists eighty-five search tasks arranged in performance order, within five progressive levels of search complexity. A glossary of 150 search terms supports the code of practice.
    Discussion: The research literature on mediated search methods is sparse and fragmented, lacking currency and a shared vocabulary. A code of practice for mediated searching will provide clarity in terminology, approach, and methods. This code of practice will provide a unified and convenient reference for training a new hire, upholding standards of search service delivery, or educating the next wave of health library professionals.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29409
  5. Res Synth Methods. 2022 Aug 10.
    When conducting a systematic review, can one trade search efficiency for potential publication bias?
    Tae-Hun Kim, Jung Won Kang, Myeong Soo Lee.
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1596
  6. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2021 Aug;42(2): 110-117
    An environmental scan of librarian involvement in systematic reviews at Queen's University: 2020 update.
    Amanda Ross-White.
       Introduction: Systematic reviews are a growing research methodology in the health sciences, and in other disciplines, having a significant impact on librarian workload. In a follow up to an earlier study, an environmental scan was conducted at Queen's University to determine what has changed, if anything, since the introduction of a tiered service for knowledge synthesis by examining review publications where at least one co-author was from Queen's University.
    Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed and the Joanna Briggs database to find systematic reviews and meta-analyses with at least one author from Queen's University for the five-year time since the last environmental scan. Reviews were categorized by the degree of involvement of the librarian(s) regardless of their institutional affiliation: librarian as co-author, librarian named in the acknowledgements, no known librarian involvement in the review.
    Results: Of 453 systematic reviews published in the five-year time frame, nearly 20% (89) had a librarian named as co-author. A further 24.5% (110) acknowledged the role of a librarian in the search, either in the acknowledgements section or in the body of the text of the article. In just over half of reviews (235 or 51.8%) a librarian was either not involved, or was not explicitly acknowledged. More librarians and more institutions were represented in the period of 2016-2020 than in 2010-2015.
    Conclusion: In the five years since the last environmental scan, an increasing number of reviews recognized the role of the librarian in publishing systematic reviews, either through co-authorship or named acknowledgement. This also suggests that as more librarians have become involved in systematic reviews, librarian capacity for this work has increased compared to five years ago.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29517
  7. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug 09.
    Predictors of citation count for systematic reviews in ophthalmology.
    Matthew J Lee, John C Lin, Riaz Qureshi, Paul B Greenberg.
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-022-05790-8
  8. J Environ Public Health. 2022 ;2022 2802835
    Hotspot Mining in the Field of Library and Information Science under the Environment of Big Data.
    Shujie Jiang.
      Currently, with the implementation of big data strategies in countries all over the world, big data has achieved vigorous development in various fields. Big data research and application practices have also rapidly attracted the attention of the library and information field. Objective. The study explored the current state of research and research hotspots of big data in the library and information field and further discussed the future research trends. Methods. In the CNKI database, 16 CSSCI source journals in the discipline of library information and digital library were selected as data sources, and the relevant literature was retrieved with the theme of "big data." The collected literature was excluded and expanded according to the citation relationship. Then, with the help of Bicomb and SPSS, co-word analysis and cluster analysis would be carried out on these literature results. Results. According to the findings of the data analysis, the research hotspots on the topic mainly focus on five major research themes, namely, big data and smart library, big data and intelligence research, data mining and cloud computing, big data and information analysis, and library innovation and services. Limitations. At present, the research scope and coverage on this topic are wide, which leads to the research still staying at the macro level. Conclusions. Big data research will remain one of the hotspots in the future. However, the most study is still limited to the perspective of library and information and has not yet analyzed the research status, research hotspots, and development trends in this field from the perspective of big data knowledge structure. Moreover, machine learning, artificial intelligence, knowledge services, AR, and VR may be new directions for future attention and development.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2802835
  9. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2021 Dec;42(3): 154-163
    Systematic review support received and needed by researchers: a survey of libraries supporting Ontario medical schools.
    Sandra McKeown, Zuhaib M Mir, Jennifer A Ritonja, Eleftherios Soleas.
       Introduction: Finding efficient ways to meet the growing demand for library systematic review support is imperative for facilitating the production of high-quality research. The objectives of this study were threefold: 1) to ascertain the systematic review support provided by health sciences libraries at Ontario medical schools and their affiliated hospitals, 2) to determine the perceived educational needs by researchers at these institutions, and 3) to assess the potential usefulness of freely available, online educational modules for researchers that discuss all stages of the systematic review process.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in June and July of 2020. Data was analyzed and presented using median and interquartile range (IQR) for continuous measures, and in proportions for categorical measures.
    Results: 13 of 19 libraries invited provided usable data. Most libraries spent more time supporting systematic reviews via collaboration and participation than by providing educational support. The perceived needs of library users were contrary to the perceived gaps in researcher support provided by the library/institution. All libraries reported they would find freely available, online educational modules useful for training researchers.
    Discussion: The next steps for our inter-professional research team will be to develop freely available, online education modules that introduce researchers to all stages of the systematic review process. These modules cannot replace the value that direct support from librarians, biostatisticians or methodology experts can provide, however, they may offer a more efficient way for libraries to familiarize researchers and trainees with best practices and universally accepted reporting guidelines for performing a high-quality review.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29571
  10. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2021 Aug;42(2): 118-135
    Evolution-revolution-devolution: a short history of the provision of knowledge-based information services to Manitoba's health professionals.
    Ada Ducas, Tania Gottschalk, Analyn Cohen-Baker.
      Since 1993, the University of Manitoba (UM), Winnipeg area hospitals, the Winnipeg Regional Health Authority (WRHA), and the Manitoba Health Department have engaged in a series of agreements that have changed access to knowledge-based information for health professionals. These agreements gradually transferred the management and delivery of library service from hospital libraries to the UM Libraries. This paper describes the historical evolution in health information access in Winnipeg, subsequent revolutionary changes that resulted in the Health Sciences Libraries Service Model, and the devolution of the model following serious challenges. Its rebirth as the WRHA Virtual Library is discussed with factors that may impact the new service model.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29510
  11. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2021 Apr;42(1): 14-44
    CHLA Standards for Library and Information Services in Canadian Health & Social Services Institutions 2020.
    CHLA-ABSC Standards Task Force
      The following standards, with supporting evidence, are intended to serve as a guide to structuring minimum library services within health and social services institutions across all Canadian provinces and territories. The Standards are not intended to be aspirational. The aim of the Task Force was to ensure that the Standards update would not be so removed from the current realities and landscape that they became unattainable to many libraries. For this reason, some Standards outline requirements that are essential to the minimum function of the library, and other Standards provide recommendations only. The intended use of the Standards is to set a baseline for the provision of essential library services and resources and aid in advocating for adequate resources. It is important to note, however, that the Task Force does not intend for the Standards to prevent libraries from reaching a more advanced level of service, and we hope that in their current form they will not be a hindrance to excellence or innovation. Once published, the version of the Standards made freely available on the Canada Health Libraries Association website [1] shall henceforth and always be considered the most recent and active version of the Standards and is the version that should be used to inform practice. The Standards Standing Committee will institute a regular review and updating schedule, ensuring the currency of the Standards.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29526
  12. J Can Health Libr Assoc. 2021 Apr;42(1): 45-65
    Challenges with organization, discoverability and access in Canadian open health data repositories.
    Gail M Thornton, Ali Shiri.
       Introduction: Open health data provides healthcare professionals, biomedical researchers and the general public with access to health data which has the potential to improve healthcare delivery and policy. The challenge is to create and implement appropriate metadata, or structured data about the data, to ensure that data are easy to discover, access and re-use. The goal of this study is to identify, evaluate and compare Canadian open health data repositories for their searching, browsing and navigation functionalities, the richness of their metadata description practices, and their metadata-based filtering mechanisms.
    Methods: Metadata-based search and browsing was evaluated in addition to the number and nature of metadata elements. Six Canadian open health data repositories across national, provincial and institutional levels were evaluated. Data collected using verbatim text recording was evaluated using an analytical framework based on the 2019 Dataverse North Metadata Best Practices guide and 2019 Data Citation Implementation Project roadmap.
    Results: All repositories required filtering to access "open health data." All repositories included 'subject' facets for filtering, and 'title' and 'description' on the Results List. Use case evaluations suggest improvements including advanced search, health-specific search terms, records for all repositories, and links to related publications.
    Discussion: Consistent use of 'title' and 'description' suggests that an interoperable interface is possible. Inconsistencies in records indicate the need for explicit, easy to find mechanisms to access metadata in repositories. The analytical framework represents first draft guidelines for metadata creation and implementation to improve organization, discoverability, and access to Canadian open health data.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.29173/jchla29457
  13. J Med Internet Res. 2022 Aug 09. 24(8): e37339
    Evaluation of Medical Information on Male Sexual Dysfunction on Baidu Encyclopedia and Wikipedia: Comparative Study.
    Ming Ma, Saifu Yin, Mengli Zhu, Yu Fan, Xi Wen, Tao Lin, Turun Song.
       BACKGROUND: Sexual dysfunction is a private set of disorders that may cause stigma for patients when discussing their private problems with doctors. They might also feel reluctant to initiate a face-to-face consultation. Internet searches are gradually becoming the first choice for people with sexual dysfunction to obtain health information. Globally, Wikipedia is the most popular and consulted validated encyclopedia website in the English-speaking world. Baidu Encyclopedia is becoming the dominant source in Chinese-speaking regions; however, the objectivity and readability of the content are yet to be evaluated.
    OBJECTIVE: Hence, we aimed to evaluate the reliability, readability, and objectivity of male sexual dysfunction content on Wikipedia and Baidu Encyclopedia.
    METHODS: The Chinese Baidu Encyclopedia and English Wikipedia were investigated. All possible synonymous and derivative keywords for the most common male sexual dysfunction, erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and their most common complication, chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, were screened. Two doctors evaluated the articles on Chinese Baidu Encyclopedia and English Wikipedia. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) scoring system, DISCERN instrument, and Global Quality Score (GQS) were used to assess the quality of disease-related articles.
    RESULTS: The total DISCERN scores (P=.002) and JAMA scores (P=.001) for Wikipedia were significantly higher than those of Baidu Encyclopedia; there was no statistical difference between the GQS scores (P=.31) for these websites. Specifically, the DISCERN Section 1 score (P<.001) for Wikipedia was significantly higher than that of Baidu Encyclopedia, while the differences between the DISCERN Section 2 and 3 scores (P=.14 and P=.17, respectively) were minor. Furthermore, Wikipedia had a higher proportion of high total DISCERN scores (P<.001) and DISCERN Section 1 scores (P<.001) than Baidu Encyclopedia. Baidu Encyclopedia and Wikipedia both had low DISCERN Section 2 and 3 scores (P=.49 and P=.99, respectively), and most of these scores were low quality.
    CONCLUSIONS: Wikipedia provides more reliable, higher quality, and more objective information than Baidu Encyclopedia. Yet, there are opportunities for both platforms to vastly improve their content quality. Moreover, both sites had similar poor quality content on treatment options. Joint efforts of physicians, physician associations, medical institutions, and internet platforms are needed to provide reliable, readable, and objective knowledge about diseases.
    Keywords:  Baidu Encyclopedia; DISCERN instrument; Wikipedia; digital health; health information; internet; sexual dysfunction
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2196/37339
  14. Health Info Libr J. 2022 Aug 10.
    An evaluation of the quality of COVID-19 websites in terms of HON principles and using DISCERN tool.
    Reza Safdari, Marsa Gholamzadeh, Soheila Saeedi, Mozhgan Tanhapour, Sorayya Rezayi.
       BACKGROUND: As many people relied on information from the Internet for official scientific or academically affiliated information during the COVID-19 pandemic, the quality of information on those websites should be good.
    OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate a selection of COVID-19-related websites for the quality of health information provided.
    METHOD: Using Google and Yahoo, 36 English language websites were selected, in accordance with the inclusion criteria. The two tools were selected for evaluation were the Health on the Net (HON) Code and the 16-item DISCERN tool.
    RESULTS: Most websites (39%) were related to information for the public, and a small number of them (3%) concerned screening websites in which people could be informed of their possible condition by entering their symptoms. The result of the evaluation by the HON tool showed that most websites were reliable (53%), and 44% of them were very reliable. Based on the assessment results of the Likert-based 16-item DISCERN tool, the maximum and minimum values for the average scores of each website were calculated as 2.44 and 4.25, respectively.
    CONCLUSION: Evaluation using two widely accepted tools shows that most websites related to COVID-19 are reliable and useful for physicians, researchers and the public.
    Keywords:  content analysis; evaluation; pandemic; patient information; web sites
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12454
  15. Foot Ankle Spec. 2022 Aug 08. 19386400221116463
    Readability of Online Foot and Ankle Surgery Patient Education Materials.
    Davis A Hartnett, Alexander P Philips, Alan H Daniels, Brad D Blankenhorn.
      Background. Online health education resources are frequently accessed by patients seeking information on orthopaedic conditions and procedures. The objectives of this study were to assess the readability of information provided by the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and compare current levels of readability with previous online material. Methods. This study examined 115 articles classified as "Conditions" or "Treatments" on FootCareMD.org. Readability was assessed using the 6 readability assessment tools: Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Gunning Fog Score, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Index, Coleman-Liau Index, and the Automated Readability Index. Results. The mean readability score across all metrics ranged from 9.1 to 12.1, corresponding to a 9th- to 12th-grade reading level, with a mean FKGL of 9.2 ± SD 1.1 (range: 6.3-15.0). No articles were written below the recommended US sixth-grade reading level, with only 3 articles at or below an eighth-grade level. Treatment articles had higher mean readability grade levels than condition articles (P = .03). Conclusion. Although the volume and quality of the AOFAS resource Web site has increased, readability of information has worsened since 2008 and remains higher than the recommended reading level for optimal comprehension by the general population.Levels of Evidence: Level IV:Retrospective quantitative analysis.
    Keywords:  ankle; foot; patient education; readability
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400221116463
  16. Ophthalmol Glaucoma. 2022 Aug 05. pii: S2589-4196(22)00129-6. [Epub ahead of print]
    A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Quality, Readability, and Technical Quality of Online Information on Glaucoma.
    Ronak Shah, Jasmine Mahajan, Marko Oydanich, Albert S Khouri.
       PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality and reliability of medical information, the technical quality of the presentation of information, and readability of informational websites that publish content on the definition, causes, symptoms, and/or treatment of glaucoma.
    DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the information published on websites with regards to glaucoma.
    SUBJECTS, PARTICIPANTS, AND/OR CONTROLS: The top 150 websites populated on a Google search, by using the keywords "glaucoma," "high intraocular pressure," and "high eye pressure," were the websites chosen for evaluation.
    METHODS: Intervention, or Testing: Two independent reviewers assessed the quality and reliability of each website using the DISCERN, HONcode, and JAMA criteria. Reviewers also evaluated the technical quality by determining each website's ability to satisfy ten unique features. Readability assessment was completed through the use of Readability Studio software (Oleander Software, Vandalia, OH, USA).
    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Quality of information was analyzed through the DISCERN, HONcode, and JAMA criteria. Evaluated metrics to assess readability were the Bormuth Cloze Mean, Bormuth Grade Placement, Flesch Kincaid Reading Ease, Coleman Liau Index, Gunning Fog Score, SMOG Index, Readability Score, Fry Estimate, Raygor Estimate, and the Overall Mean Readability. A separate sub-analysis involved the categorization of websites into Institutional and Private categories.
    RESULTS: Readability was poor amongst all websites, with most websites requiring above an 11th grade reading level. The overall mean DISCERN score ± standard deviation (SD) was 3.0 ± 0.4, mean HONcode score (±SD) was 9.6 ± 1.8, and mean JAMA score (±SD) was 2.1 ± 1.1. Reviewers had moderate to excellent interrater reliability. Institutional websites (n=39) had a higher mean DISCERN score (3.18 ± 0.33 vs. 2.95 ± 0.39, p<0.05) and mean HONcode score (10.18 ± 1.90 vs. 9.34 ± 1.71, p<0.05) when compared to Private websites (n=111). Technical quality was higher amongst Institutional websites (p<0.05).
    CONCLUSION: An overwhelming majority of websites presented information that was of low quality, reliability, and readability. Institutional websites generally received higher scores than Private websites, but overall scores were still substandard, prompting the need for an improvement of online information on glaucoma.
    Keywords:  glaucoma; online information; quality; readability
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogla.2022.07.007
  17. Oral Dis. 2022 Aug 09.
    Does YouTube™ provide reliable information on oral candidiasis?
    Seval Ceylan Şen, Tuğçe Paksoy, Duygu Göller Bulut, Gülbahar Ustaoğlu.
       OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality, source, usefulness and/or reliability, visibility, and popularity of YouTube™ videos on oral candidiasis.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A YouTube™ search for 'oral candidiasis' was performed, setting the English language. 133 of the 351 videos watched were included in the study. Two periodontologists scored the videos for visibility, popularity, quality, utility, and reliability. Videos' quality was evaluated using the DISCERN and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) tools, by categorizing them through quality assessment, source, duration, views, likes, and dislikes of each video were noted.
    RESULTS: 82.7% of the videos were moderately or very useful, and the GQS scores were mostly good (41.4%-Score 4) and excellent (42.1%-Score 5). Significant relationships were obtained between Source of Upload, Video Type, Total Discern, and GQS variables and Usefulness scores (p<0.05). The 53.4% of the video sources were Healthcare professionals and their video usefulness scores were mostly "moderately useful" (47.9%) and "very useful" (%42.3). There was a significant positive correlation between the usefulness scores of the videos and the number of likes (p=0.004), comments (p=0.019), and the viewing rate(p=0.006).
    CONCLUSIONS: The videos that rank high in searches for oral candidiasis on YouTube™ are mostly useful and comprehensive videos uploaded for educational purposes.
    Keywords:  E-health; Oral Candidiasis; Social Media; YouTube TM; oral disease
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.14338
  18. PLoS One. 2022 ;17(8): e0272765
    Assessment of the educational value of endodontic access cavity preparation YouTube video as a learning resource for students.
    Ahmed Jamleh, Shouq Mohammed Aljohani, Faisal Fahad Alzamil, Shahad Muhammad Aljuhayyim, Modhi Nasser Alsubaei, Showq Raad Alali, Nawaf Munawir Alotaibi, Mohannad Nassar.
       OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the educational value of YouTube as a learning tool for dental students regarding endodontic access cavity preparation.
    METHODS AND FINDINGS: YouTube search was made for videos related to endodontic access cavity preparation using specific terms. After exclusions, 41 videos were chosen and assessed for tooth type, video length, days since upload, country of origin, number of views and likes, source of authorship, and viewing rate. To grade the content of videos, a usefulness score with seven elements was developed. Each element was given a score of 0 or 1. Statistical tests were run by using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) at a 5% significance level. The videos received a mean of 181198.5 views with a mean duration of 686.1 seconds. The mean number of "likes" was 1047.8. Almost half of the videos covered content related to molar teeth. Most videos were provided by health care professionals with almost 50% uploaded from India. The mean usefulness score was 4.29 (range: 1-7) and the most discussed elements were description, instruments used, access cavity demonstration, and evaluation criteria. About a quarter of the videos were classified as good, while 46.3% as moderate and 29.3% as poor. Among the content usefulness categories, no difference was found in the video demographics (p>0.05) except "days since upload" (p = 0.018) in which good quality videos were found to have the highest median. Moreover, although insignificant, good videos were found to have the longest duration and lowest number of views, likes, and viewing rate. The mean usefulness score of videos released during the COVID-19 pandemic was lower than that for pre-pandemic videos (p = 0.042), and videos uploaded by academic institutions had a higher mean usefulness score than videos uploaded by health care professionals (p<0.001).
    CONCLUSIONS: Information on endodontic access cavity preparation is not comprehensive in most of the reviewed YouTube videos and could be of low educational value.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272765
  19. BMC Geriatr. 2022 08 09. 22(1): 654
    The reliability, functional quality, understandability, and actionability of fall prevention content in YouTube: an observational study.
    Xinyi Yang, Xiaoqiang Xue, Ziqiu Shi, Sha Nan, Chengying Lian, Zhigang Ji, Yi Xie, Xiaoxuan Liu.
       BACKGROUND: Falls are common but dangerous in the elderly. More and more seniors are searching for healthcare information online. YouTube has become the world's most popular video streaming platform. Albeit thousands of fall prevention videos are available on YouTube, their reliability, functional quality, understandability, and actionability have not been verified.
    METHODS: The top 300 watched videos on YouTube related to fall prevention were retrieved. After exclusion, all qualified sample videos were evaluated by three validated assessment instruments (the PEMAT scale, the HONCode scale, and the DISCERN instrument) regarding their reliability, functional quality, understandability, and actionability. Each video's length, number of views/likes/comments, forms of expression, and the uploader's profile were collected as well. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was performed for further analysis from the perspective of expression forms and uploaders' identities.
    RESULTS: One hundred thirty-seven videos (45.67%) were qualified as sample videos, and individuals/organizations with medical backgrounds posted 54.01% of them. Most of the excluded videos (n = 163) were irrelevant (n = 91, 55.83%), and commercial (n = 52, 31.90%). The median video length for sample videos was 470 seconds. The DISCERN instrument indicated that 115 videos (83.94%) were of moderate to high overall quality. Medical practitioners and organizations gained the highest scores in functional quality and reliability (P < 0.05), while they also tended to use technical terms more often (mean = 3.15). The HONCode scale suggested a lack of traceability was common. The most popular and actionable form of expression was workout (n = 58, median score = 86.90, P < 0.05), while monolog and keynote presentations scored the highest in understandability (no significant difference between them). The PEMAT scale suggested videos uploaded by medical teams were the easiest to be understood (P = 0.011 and P < 0.001, respectively), whereas they were less actionable than those made by fitness trainers (P = 0.039 and P < 0.001, respectively).
    CONCLUSIONS: Cooperation between the medical team and fitness trainers is expected for better health promotion. Plain language is advised, and sources should be provided. As for expression form, monolog or keynote presentations, plus workout clips, might be the most effective.
    Keywords:  DISCERN; Fall prevention; PEMAT; Quality; Social media; YouTube
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03330-x
  20. Int Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug 09.
    Evaluating the quality, utility, and reliability of the information in uveitis videos shared on YouTube.
    Burak Tanyıldız, Murat Oklar.
       BACKGROUND: This study aimed to analyze the quality of videos on YouTube as educational resources about uveitis.
    METHODS: An online YouTube search was performed using the keyword "uveitis". Total view counts, duration of videos, publishing dates, likes and dislikes, numbers of comments, and source of videos were recorded. The quality and accuracy of the video's educational content were evaluated using the DISCERN score, Global Quality Score (GQS), and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) score. Video power index (VPI) was used to evaluate both the view and the like ratio of the videos. All videos were classified according to publishers and types of categories.
    RESULTS: From among the 200 videos analyzed, 94 were included. The mean DISCERN score was 38.5 ± 13.2 (poor), the mean JAMA score was 1.8 ± 0.6 (fair), and the GQS was 2.5 ± 0.9 (fair). There were positive correlations between the three checklists (p < .001). VPI was not correlated with each score (p > .05). The most common upload sources were ophthalmologists (24.4%) and YouTube channels about health (20.2%). Regarding content, we identified 47 (50%) medical education, 26 (27.6%) patient education, 16 (17%) patient experience, and five (5.3%) surgical procedure videos involving patients with uveitis. While the most popular videos were uploaded by doctors other than ophthalmologists, the videos uploaded by academic institutions and associations of healthcare professional were found to have higher educational quality and reliability scores.
    CONCLUSIONS: Uveitis videos on YouTube are of poor quality and reliability and are not adequately educational for patients. Therefore, physicians must be aware of the limitations of YouTube and ensure the flow of correct medical information to patients.
    Keywords:  DISCERN score; Global Quality score; JAMA score; Uveitis; YouTube
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02454-8
  21. BMC Public Health. 2022 08 10. 22(1): 1525
    Social capital and health information seeking in China.
    Qianfeng Lu, Angela Chang, Guoming Yu, Ya Yang, Peter J Schulz.
       BACKGROUND: People's potentials to seek health information can be affected by their social context, such as their social networks and the resources provided through those social networks. In the past decades, the concept of social capital has been widely used in the health realm to indicate people's social context. However, not many such studies were conducted in China. Chinese society has its special quality that many Western societies lack: people traditionally render strong value to family relations and rely heavily on strong social ties in their social life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between different types of social capital and health information-seeking behavior (HISB) in the Chinese context. The different types of social capital were primarily bonding and bridging, as well as cognitive and structural ones.
    METHODS: Our analysis is based on a total of 3090 cases taken from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) - China, 2017. Dataset was weighted due to the overrepresentation of female respondents and hierarchical multiple regression analyses as well as binary logistic regression tests were operated to examine the associations between people's social capital and their HISB.
    RESULTS: Some aspects of social capital emerged as positive predictors of HISB: information support (standing in for the cognitive component of social capital) promoted health information seeking, organization memberships (standing in for the structural component) encouraged cancer information seeking, and both the use of the internet and of traditional media for gaining health information were positively linked with bridging networks and organization memberships. Bonding networks (structural component) were not correlated with any other of the key variables and emotional support (cognitive social capital) was consistently associated with all health information-seeking indicators negatively.
    CONCLUSIONS: Social capital demonstrated significant and complex relationships with HISB in China. Structural social capital generally encouraged HISB in China, especially the bridging aspects including bridging networks and organization memberships. On the other hand, emotional support as cognitive social capital damaged people's initiatives in seeking health-related information.
    Keywords:  Health information-seeking behavior; Social capital; Social networks; Social support
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13895-2
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