bims-librar 2021-09-26 papers

bims-librar

Biomed News

on Biomedical librarianship

Issue of 2021–09–26
eightteen papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society

Making the case for librarian expertise to support evidence synthesis for the Sustainable Development Goals.
10,000 steps a day? Activity trackers, health information literacy and the potential role of Information Science & Health Libraries.
Roy Tabor 1929-2021: The first NHS Regional Librarian in England.
Laboratory animals search filter for different literature databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and PsycINFO.
Google is goodish: An information literacy course designed to teach users why google may not always be the best place to search for evidence.
Principles of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.
Umbrella Reviews: What They Are and Why We Need Them.
Semi-automated Tools for Systematic Searches.
Perceptions, experiences, and attitudes of health care professionals regarding the role of librarians in fostering evidence-based health practice: a systematic review protocol.
Assessing the Accuracy, Quality, and Readability of Patient Accessible Online Resources Regarding Ocular Gene Therapy and Voretigene Neparvovec.
Quality of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patient Education Handouts Available on the Internet: A Systematic Analysis of Content and Design.
Health Literacy in Clubfoot: A Quantitative Assessment of the Readability, Understandability and Actionability of Online Patient Education Material.
Navigating the COVID-19 infodemic in those living with kidney disease: access and trust in health information sources and the association with anxiety and depression.
Are YouTube videos enough to learn anakinra self-injection?
YouTubeTM as a source of information on bladder pain syndrome: A contemporary analysis.
YouTube as a source of information on COVID-19 vaccination in rheumatic diseases.
Evaluation of pericardiocentesis videos on YouTube as a reliable source for on-line education in the COVID-19 period.
Systematic content analysis of online information on herbal smoking products.

Res Synth Methods. 2021 Sep 25.

Making the case for librarian expertise to support evidence synthesis for the Sustainable Development Goals.

Kate Ghezzi-Kopel, Jessica Ault, Gracian Chimwaza, Florian Diekmann, Erin Eldermire, Nasra Gathoni, Julie Kelly, Alison Annet Kinengyere, Megan Kocher, Edda Tandi Lwoga, Jessica Page, Sarah Young, Jaron Porciello.

  Evidence syntheses that engage librarians as co-authors produce higher-quality results than those that do not. Trained as teachers, researchers and information managers, librarians possess expert knowledge on research methodologies and information retrieval approaches that are critical for evidence synthesis. Researchers are under increasing pressure to produce evidence syntheses to inform practice and policymaking. Many fields outside of health science and medicine, however, do not have established guidelines, processes or methodologies. This article describes how librarians led the creation of an interdisciplinary toolkit for researchers new to evidence synthesis. The implementation of the tools, including a protocol, supported eight evidence syntheses focused on effective agricultural interventions published in a special collection in Nature Research in October 2020. This article is a step-by-step overview of the tools and process. We advocate that librarian collaboration in evidence synthesis must become the norm, not the exception. Evidence synthesis project leads without access to a qualified librarian may use this toolkit as a point of entry for production of transparent, reproducible reviews. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Keywords:  Sustainable Development Goals; evidence synthesis; information retrieval; information specialists; librarians; protocols

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1528
Health Info Libr J. 2021 Sep;38(3): 157-159

10,000 steps a day? Activity trackers, health information literacy and the potential role of Information Science & Health Libraries.

Aylin Imeri.

  Acknowledging the new ways in which activity tracking technologies (ATTs) such as Apple Watch, Fitbit and Garmin are changing the ways in which we understand human-information interactions, Aylin Imeri calls for information science and health libraries to extend their health information literacy remit to support ATT user information needs.

Keywords:  health literacy; information literacy; libraries

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12398
Health Info Libr J. 2021 Sep;38(3): 242-243

Roy Tabor 1929-2021: The first NHS Regional Librarian in England.

David Stewart.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12394
Lab Anim. 2021 Sep 24. 236772211045485

Laboratory animals search filter for different literature databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and PsycINFO.

Stevie van der Mierden, Carlijn R Hooijmans, Alice Hj Tillema, Simone Rehn, André Bleich, Cathalijn Hc Leenaars.

  Systematic reviews are important tools in animal research, but the ever-increasing number of studies makes retrieval of all relevant publications challenging. Search filters aid in retrieving as many animal studies as possible. In this paper we provide updated and expanded versions of the SYRCLE animal filters for PubMed and Embase. We provide the Embase filter for both Embase.com and via Ovid. Furthermore, we provide new animal search filters for Web of Science (WoS) and APA PsycINFO via psycnet.apa.org and via Ovid. Compared with previous versions, the new filters retrieved 0.5-47.1% (19 references for PubMed, 837 for WoS) more references in a real-life example. All filters retrieved additional references, comprising multiple relevant reviews. A random sample from WoS found at least one potentially relevant primary study. These animal search filters facilitate identifying as many animal studies as possible while minimising the number of non-animal studies.

Keywords:  Search filter; ethics & welfare; supplements to animal research; systematic review

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772211045485
Health Info Libr J. 2021 Sep 20.

Google is goodish: An information literacy course designed to teach users why google may not always be the best place to search for evidence.

Patricia Lacey.

  This article describes a course that was developed in response to health sector and local authority workers being reliant on Google and using it for their information needs regardless of whether it was the best place to search. The methodology for developing and structuring the course is explored, including details of the content included. The author concludes by asserting that teaching users about the effective use of Google is an important part of user education. D.I.

Keywords:  education and training; health information needs; information literacy; information seeking behaviour; information skills; literature searching; public health; teaching

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12401
Methods Mol Biol. 2022 ;2345 1-15

Principles of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.

Rebecca L Morgan, Ivan D Florez.

  In this chapter, we summarize the key principles involved in designing and conducting a rigorous systematic review focused on an intervention question. We provide key definitions on what systematic reviews and meta-analysis are and how they differ from other types of reviews. We cover the principles for designing a good systematic review question, research team, designing and conducting literature searches, screening and selecting studies, extracting data, assessing the risk of bias of the included studies, conducting qualitative and quantitative syntheses, and appraising the certainty of the body of evidence. Finally, we describe the best tools for reporting a systematic review and meta-analysis and for assessing its quality.

Keywords:  Evidence synthesis; Meta-analysis; Research methods; Systematic review

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1566-9_1
Methods Mol Biol. 2022 ;2345 135-146

Umbrella Reviews: What They Are and Why We Need Them.

Stefania I Papatheodorou, Evangelos Evangelou.

  Evidence in clinical research is accumulating and scientific publications have increased exponentially in the last decade across all disciplines. Available information should be critically assessed. Here, we focus on umbrella reviews, an approach that systematically collects and evaluates information from multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses. To facilitate the design and the conduct of such a study, we provide a step-by-step guide on how to perform an umbrella review. We also present ways to report the summary findings, we describe various proposed grading criteria, and we discuss potential limitations.

Keywords:  Assessment of evidence; Meta-analysis; Systematic review; Umbrella review

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1566-9_8
Methods Mol Biol. 2022 ;2345 17-40

Semi-automated Tools for Systematic Searches.

Gaelen P Adam, Byron C Wallace, Thomas A Trikalinos.

  Traditionally, literature identification for systematic reviews has relied on a two-step process: first, searching databases to identify potentially relevant citations, and then manually screening those citations. A number of tools have been developed to streamline and semi-automate this process, including tools to generate terms; to visualize and evaluate search queries; to trace citation linkages; to deduplicate, limit, or translate searches across databases; and to prioritize relevant abstracts for screening. Research is ongoing into tools that can unify searching and screening into a single step, and several protype tools have been developed. As this field grows, it is becoming increasingly important to develop and codify methods for evaluating the extent to which these tools fulfill their purpose.

Keywords:  Information science; Literature identification; Machine learning; Systematic review methods; Text mining

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1566-9_2
JBI Evid Synth. 2021 Sep 24.

Perceptions, experiences, and attitudes of health care professionals regarding the role of librarians in fostering evidence-based health practice: a systematic review protocol.

Oluwaseun Ireti Obasola, Alison Annet Kinengyere, Devind Peter, Diston Chiweza, Amanda Ross-White, Christina Godfrey.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review is to explore perceptions, experiences, and attitudes of health care professionals in teaching hospitals, academic health science centers, and health care professional colleges regarding the role of librarians in fostering the production of evidence-based research.
INTRODUCTION: Evidence-based health practice entails the use of the best research evidence, combined with knowledge and information gained through professional expertise as a practicing clinician, and consideration of patients' concerns and preferences to make the best possible decision for the care provided to those patients. With their extensive skills in literature searching, librarians and other information professionals contribute to the process of evidence-based health practice by locating and retrieving the most relevant information for clinical practice. Despite the importance of librarians in evidence-based health practice, little attention has been paid to the perceptions and attitudes of health care professionals toward the involvement of librarians in fostering evidence-based research and their participation in other evidence-based health practice activities.
INCLUSION CRITERIA: The population of interest is health care professionals working in teaching hospitals, academic health science centers, and health care professional colleges who make clinical decisions based on evidence, clinical judgments, and patient values.
METHODS: The following databases will be searched from database inception till June 2021 for published and unpublished studies: CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, Academic Search Premier, Scopus, LISTA, MEDLINE, POPLINE, and Open Grey. Studies published in English will be considered for review. The selected studies will be critically assessed for methodological quality by two independent reviewers.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42019136749.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11124/JBIES-20-00497
Clin Ophthalmol. 2021 ;15 3849-3857

Assessing the Accuracy, Quality, and Readability of Patient Accessible Online Resources Regarding Ocular Gene Therapy and Voretigene Neparvovec.

Swetha Davuluri, Nicolas A Yannuzzi, Amy Kloosterboer, Ajay E Kuriyan, Jayanth Sridhar.

   Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy, quality, and readability of online information regarding the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ocular gene therapy voretigene neparvovec (Luxturna, Spark Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA, USA).
Methods: Ten online resources about voretigene neparvovec were assessed in this cross-sectional study. A novel 25-question assessment was created to evaluate the information most relevant to patients. Each article was assessed by independent graders using the assessment and the DISCERN instrument. An online readability tool, Readable, was used to assess readability. Accountability was evaluated using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks.
Results: The average questionnaire score for all the articles was 33.93 (SD 11.21, CI 95% ±6.95) out of 100 possible points with significant variation in the content accuracy and quality between the articles (P=0.017). EyeWiki achieved the highest score and MedicineNet the lowest. The mean reading grade for all articles was 12.88 (SD 1.93, CI 95% ±1.19) with significant variation between articles (P=0.001). Wikipedia was the most readable, and the FDA website was the least. None of the articles achieved all four JAMA benchmarks, and only one of the ten articles, EyeWiki, achieved three of the four JAMA benchmarks.
Conclusion: The information available online regarding this FDA-approved ocular gene therapy is generally of low quality, above the average reading level of the general population, and varies significantly between sources. The articles provide incomplete information that is not entirely accurate or easy to read, and as a result, the material would not support patients adequately in their medical decisions and questions about this new therapeutic option.

Keywords:  gene therapy; leber congenital amaurosis; patient education; vitreoretinal surgery; voretigene neparvovec

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S324231
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2021 Sep 18. pii: S0003-9993(21)01419-2. [Epub ahead of print]

Quality of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patient Education Handouts Available on the Internet: A Systematic Analysis of Content and Design.

Yiyang Fang, Nancy A Baker, Julianna Dole, Shawn C Roll.

   OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patient education handouts and identify the best resources for patients and clinicians.
DESIGN: A document content analysis of handouts identified through a systematic internet search using 8 search terms on Google and Bing and a hand search of professional association websites.
SETTING: Not Applicable.
PARTICIPANTS: Documents were identified from the top 50 search results across 16 individual searches. Included documents provided general patient education for CTS; descriptive websites, videos, and research studies were excluded.
INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Content analysis was conducted using the Information Score (IS) tool to evaluate completeness of information [0%-100%], and misleading treatment recommendations were identified. Design analysis was conducted using the Patient Material Assessment Tool (PEMAT-P) [0-100%] and two widely-used readability formulas, Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL). Using these results, all handouts were rated with a summative 12-point scale.
RESULTS: Of 805 unique search results, we included 56 CTS handouts. The average IS was 74.6% ± 17.9%. 78.6% of the handouts mentioned non-evidence-based treatment recommendations. The average PEMAT-P score was 70.2% ± 10.9% and the average readability grade level was 7.7 ± 1.7. Only 3 handouts were identified as high quality based on the 12-point summative scores, while 22 handouts had mixed quality and 17 handouts had low quality on both content and design.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings of this study suggest a lack of high-quality and easily understandable CTS patient education handouts. Most handouts contained unreliable treatment information. Improvements are needed to ensure patients' ability to understand and manage this condition.

Keywords:  Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Health Literacy; Patient Education

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2021.08.010
Iowa Orthop J. 2021 ;41(1): 61-67

Health Literacy in Clubfoot: A Quantitative Assessment of the Readability, Understandability and Actionability of Online Patient Education Material.

Mary Kate Skalitzky, Trevor R Gulbrandsen, William Lorentzen, Burke Gao, Alan G Shamrock, Stuart L Weinstein, Jose A Morcuende.

Background: Parents often access online resources to educate themselves when a child is diagnosed with clubfoot and/ or prior to treatment initiation. In order to be fully understood by the average adult American, online health information must be written at an elementary school reading level. It was hypothesized that current available online resources regarding clubfoot would score poorly on objective measures of readability (syntax reading grade-level), understandability (ability to process key messages), and actionability (providing actions the reader may take). Additionally, it was hypothesized that the outcomes measured would not correlate with the order of listed search results.
Methods: Patient education materials were identified utilizing two independent online searches (Google.com) of the term "Clubfoot". From the top 50 search results, websites were included if directed at educating patients and their families regarding clubfoot. News articles, non-text material (video), research and journal articles, industry websites, and articles not related to clubfoot were excluded. The readability of included resources was quantified using the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Grade, Coleman-Liau Index (CLI), Gunning-Fog Index( GFI) and Automated Reading Index (ARI). The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) was used to assess actionability and understandability using a 0-100% scale for both measures of interest.
Results: Of the 55 unique websites, 37 websites (65.2%) met inclusion criteria. The mean FKGL was 9.2 (+/- 2.1) with only three websites (7.32%) having a reading level ≤6. Mean understandability and actionability scores were 67.2±12.6 and 25.4±25.2, respectively. Thirteen (35%) websites met the understandability threshold of ≥70% but no websites met the actionability criteria. No readability statistics were statistically associated with Google™ search rank (p=0.07). There was no association between readability (p=0.94) nor actionability (p=0.18) scores and Google™ rank. However, understandability scores did correlate with Google™ rank (p=0.02).
Conclusion: Overall, online clubfoot educational materials scored poorly with respect to readability, understandability, and actionability. There is an association with Google™ search rank for understandability of clubfoot materials. However, readability and actionability are not significantly associated with search rank. In the era of shared decision-making, efforts should be made by medical professionals to improve the readability, understandability, and actionability of online resources in order to optimize parent understanding and facilitate effective outcomes.Level of Evidence.

Keywords: clubfoot; health literacy; readability
Curr Med Res Opin. 2021 Sep 22. 1

Navigating the COVID-19 infodemic in those living with kidney disease: access and trust in health information sources and the association with anxiety and depression.

Thomas J Wilkinson, Courtney J Lightfoot, Jared Palmer, Alice C Smith.

   OBJECTIVE: During COVID-19, access to trustworthy news and information is vital to help people understand the crisis. The consumption of COVID-19-related information is likely an important factor associated with the increased anxiety and psychological distress that has been observed. We aimed to understand how people living with a kidney condition access information about COVID-19 and how this impacts their anxiety, stress, and depression.
METHODS: Participants living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were recruited from 12 sites across England, UK. Respondents were asked to review how often they accessed and trusted 11 sources of potential COVID-19 information. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items was used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress. The 14-item Short Health Anxiety Inventory measured health anxiety.
RESULTS: 236 participants were included (age 62.8 (11.3) years, male (56%), transplant recipients (51%), non-dialysis (49%)). The most frequently accessed source of health information was television/radio news, followed by official government press releases, and medical institution press releases. The most trusted source was via consultation with healthcare staff. Higher anxiety, stress, and depression was associated with less access and trust in official government press releases. Education status had a large influence on information trust and access.
CONCLUSIONS: Traditional forms of media remain a popular source of health information in those living with kidney conditions. Interactions with healthcare professionals were the most trusted source of health information. Our results provide evidence for problematical associations of COVID-19 related information exposure with psychological strain and could serve as an orientation for recommendations.

Keywords:  COVID-19; Chronic kidney disease; anxiety; depression; health information; infodemic

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2021.1984221
Rheumatol Int. 2021 Sep 24.

Are YouTube videos enough to learn anakinra self-injection?

Melih Pamukcu, Tugba Izci Duran.

  Anakinra is a drug that can be administered subcutaneously as a self-injection in both children and adults. We aimed to evaluate the content, reliability, and quality of the videos most viewed on "anakinra self-injection" on YouTube, which is an easily accessible source of information. We performed a YouTube search using the keywords "anakinra", "anakinra injection", and "anakinra self-injection" in addition to the generic and commercial names of the biologic agent in September 2021. The quality and reliability of the videos were assessed according to the Global Quality Score (GQS) and DISCERN score. Video power index was used to assess both the view and the like ratio of the videos. A total of 51 videos were analyzed, a majority of which were uploaded by physicians (56.9%). The median GQS was 3 and total DISCERN score was 49. According to the GQS, 21.6% of the videos were of low quality, 35.3% were of fair quality, and 43.1% were of high quality. High-quality videos had higher DISCERN scores and longer duration of videos (p < 0.05). 41 (80.4%) videos were categorized as useful information, and 8 (15.7%) as useful as per patients' opinion. Further, GQS and DISCERN scores of videos that had useful information were significantly higher. There are numerous YouTube videos with helpful information that can be a source of knowledge on the safe and correct technique of daily anakinra self-injection for both adults and children. There was no significant difference in patient interaction between useful and misleading videos. This indicates that patients do not differentiate between high- and low-quality videos.

Keywords:  Anakinra injection; Internet; Patient education; Quality; Reliability; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-04999-w
Neurourol Urodyn. 2021 Sep 24.

YouTubeTM as a source of information on bladder pain syndrome: A contemporary analysis.

Simone Morra, Claudia Collà Ruvolo, Luigi Napolitano, Roberto La Rocca, Giuseppe Celentano, Gianluigi Califano, Massimiliano Creta, Marco Capece, Carmine Turco, Simone Cilio, Alberto Melchionna, Gerardo Gerundo, Francesco Trama, Francesco Mangiapia, Ferdinando Fusco, Vincenzo Mirone, Nicola Longo.

   AIM: To evaluate the quality of YouTube™ videos on bladder pain syndrome (BPS) and to investigate whether they can be used as a reliable source of information.
METHODS: The search term "bladder pain syndrome" was used on YouTubeTM platform. The first 100 videos were selected. Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for audio-visual content (PEMAT A/V), Global Quality Score (GQS), Misinformation tool, and DISCERN score were used to assess videos' quality content. Pearson's test was used to assess potential correlations between variables.
RESULTS: Seventy-nine videos were suitable for the analyses. The median PEMAT A/V Understandability score and PEMAT A/V Actionability score were 66.7% (interquartile range [IQR]: 46.2-100.0) and 75.0% (IQR: 37.5-100.0), respectively. According to GQS, 26 (32.9%), 32 (40.5%), 3 (3.8%), 15 (19.0%), and 3 (3.8%) videos were excellent, good, moderate, generally poor, and poor, respectively. According to Misinformation tool, of all videos, 81% (n = 64), 6.3% (n = 5), 5.1% (n = 4), 5.1% (n = 4), 2.5% (n = 2) had respectively no, very little, moderate, high, and extreme misinformation. The overall median DISCERN score ranged from 5.0 (IQR: 2.0-5.0) to 5.0 (IQR: 5.0-5.0). A positive statistically significant correlation was found between video length and PEMAT A/V Understandability (r = 0.27, p = 0.01), video length and PEMAT A/V Actionability (r = .26, p = 0.02), and video length and DISCERN Question 16 (r = 0.28, p = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Nowaday, the overall quality of YouTubeTM videos on BPS have been evaluated good according to PEMAT A/V, GQS, Misinformation tool, and DISCERN score. It is possible to assume that YouTubeTM may be considered as a reliable source of information on BPS.

Keywords:  internet; interstitial cystitis; misinformation; social media; urology

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.24802
Rheumatol Int. 2021 Sep 25.

YouTube as a source of information on COVID-19 vaccination in rheumatic diseases.

Burhan Fatih Kocyigit, Ahmet Akyol.

  As the most well-known and popular video-sharing platform around the world, YouTube is an influential tool for the dissemination of health-related information. In addition, considering the increase in obtaining information from internet-based sources in pandemic conditions, YouTube has become more important in the presentation of information related to COVID-19. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate videos related to COVID-19 vaccination in rheumatic diseases (RD) on YouTube. In this descriptive study, 334 video URLs listed with six search terms were recorded (26 July 2021). Three quality groups (high, intermediate, and low) were created based on the Global Quality Scores (GQS). Video sources were identified and various video parameters were compared between the quality groups. Following the implementation of the exclusion criteria, 56 videos remained for further analysis; of which 37 (66.07%) were evaluated as high quality, 12 (21.42%) as intermediate quality, and 7 (12.51%) as low quality. No significant difference was determined between the quality groups in per day values of views, likes, dislikes, and comments. The sources of high-quality videos were pharmaceutical company (n = 1; 100%), pharmacist (n = 1; 100%), society-organization (n = 17; 85%), and academic (n = 3; 75%). Although two-thirds of the videos were high quality, it should be kept in mind that intermediate and low-quality videos are also available. Users should not assume the quality of the videos based on the number of views, likes, dislikes, and comments, but should focus more on video sources.

Keywords:  COVID-19; Rheumatic disease; Rheumatology; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccination; Vaccine; YouTube

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-05010-2
Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 2021 Mar;18(1): 33-39

Evaluation of pericardiocentesis videos on YouTube as a reliable source for on-line education in the COVID-19 period.

Suleyman Cagan Efe, Sedat Kalkan, Ali Karagoz.

   Introduction: Pericardiocentesis is an invasive procedure performed to drain fluid from the pericardial cavity.
Aim: We investigated the quality of videos about pericardiocentesis on YouTube and analysed their reliability and teaching properties, in the covid 19 period when online education has come to the fore.
Material and methods: We searched YouTube using the terms "pericardiocentesis, cardiac tamponade, pericardial effusion, pericardial effusion drainage, pericardial tamponade" for uploaded videos. We scored every video according to the questions we prepared using the guidelines about pericardiocentesis. We used the HONcode score, GQS score, and RELIABILITY score to assess the quality of videos. Two physicians independently and blindly classified videos as useful or misleading and rated them.
Results: A total of 168 videos were examined. After the application of exclusion criteria, 38 videos were evaluated. The pericardiocentesis checklist average score was 10.45 ±2.56. According to sources of videos, the average score for university or research hospital videos was 13.1 ±1.5, and videos whose source could not be identified had an average score of 7.5 ±2.0. According to the level of HONcode, 17 (44.7%) videos were low quality; according to GQS score, 8 (21.1%) videos were poor quality. The quality of university hospital uploads (β-coefficient 3.960, p-value 0.004) were higher and statistically significant than other upload centres.
Conclusions: The educational value of pericardiocentesis videos on YouTube are low. It is recommended that doctors and patients be aware of and adopt the developing technology, and they should prefer videos uploaded from university hospitals and educational hospitals.

Keywords:  COVID-19; YouTube; cardiac tamponade; pericardiocentesis

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5114/kitp.2021.105185
Indian J Tuberc. 2021 ;pii: S0019-5707(21)00163-3. [Epub ahead of print]68S S71-S79

Systematic content analysis of online information on herbal smoking products.

Arpit Gupta, Shweta Sharda, Pothamsetty Yogitha, Sonu Goel, Ashima Goyal, Krishan Gauba.

   BACKGROUND: Herbal smoking products (HSPs) are marketed as a safer alternative to tobacco. These are easily available at affordable prices in the online retail websites. This study aimed to analyze the HSP-related informational content available in the most popular online platforms.
METHODS: Google, Yahoo, Bing and YouTube online platforms were searched for HSP related content using appropriate keywords. First 50 search results were retrieved and screened for potential eligibility. The included web-pages were categorized as video and still records. From each included record, information regarding source, primary theme, health benefits/hazards and tone was abstracted. Additionally, video production quality, like ratio and video power index was also computed for each video record. All included records were subjected to descriptive statistics and Chi-square test, as appropriate. Level of significance was set at <0.05.
RESULTS: 174 still and 94 video records were included. 35.6% of the included still records were sourced by manufacturers/suppliers while that of scientific origin was 12.1%. 83% of the video-records were posted by general public. About 90% of the included records had not mentioned anything regarding age restrictions. 67.8% of the still records and 87.2% of the video records promoted the use of HSPs.
CONCLUSIONS: The informational content presented online is huge, mostly posted by the general public without any scientific rationale and exclusively favors the use of HSPs. There is no age restriction as to who can access the information, making this content easily accessible to people of all ages. Such spread of information may mislead the public in adopting the smoking of these herbal products. Since HSPs may act as a potential gateway to tobacco smoking, there is an urgent need to regulate the content available online.

Keywords:  Herbal bidi; Herbal hookah; Nicotine-free; Smoking; Tobacco-free

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.08.021