bims-librar Biomed News
on Biomedical librarianship
Issue of 2019‒08‒11
twenty-two papers selected by
Thomas Krichel
Open Library Society


  1. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2019 Aug 07. pii: ocz121. [Epub ahead of print]
      OBJECTIVE: Information overload remains a challenge for patients seeking clinical trials. We present a novel system (DQueST) that reduces information overload for trial seekers using dynamic questionnaires.MATERIALS AND METHODS: DQueST first performs information extraction and criteria library curation. DQueST transforms criteria narratives in the ClinicalTrials.gov repository into a structured format, normalizes clinical entities using standard concepts, clusters related criteria, and stores the resulting curated library. DQueST then implements a real-time dynamic question generation algorithm. During user interaction, the initial search is similar to a standard search engine, and then DQueST performs real-time dynamic question generation to select criteria from the library 1 at a time by maximizing its relevance score that reflects its ability to rule out ineligible trials. DQueST dynamically updates the remaining trial set by removing ineligible trials based on user responses to corresponding questions. The process iterates until users decide to stop and begin manually reviewing the remaining trials.
    RESULTS: In simulation experiments initiated by 10 diseases, DQueST reduced information overload by filtering out 60%-80% of initial trials after 50 questions. Reviewing the generated questions against previous answers, on average, 79.7% of the questions were relevant to the queried conditions. By examining the eligibility of random samples of trials ruled out by DQueST, we estimate the accuracy of the filtering procedure is 63.7%. In a study using 5 mock patient profiles, DQueST on average retrieved trials with a 1.465 times higher density of eligible trials than an existing search engine. In a patient-centered usability evaluation, patients found DQueST useful, easy to use, and returning relevant results.
    CONCLUSION: DQueST contributes a novel framework for transforming free-text eligibility criteria to questions and filtering out clinical trials based on user answers to questions dynamically. It promises to augment keyword-based methods to improve clinical trial search.
    Keywords:  clinical trial search; common data model; eligibility criteria; interactive search; natural language processing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocz121
  2. BMJ Open. 2019 Aug 05. 9(8): e023080
      OBJECTIVE: To describe the range and nature of available research regarding sources of information that patients access to inform their decisions about elective surgery.DESIGN: Scoping review.
    DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed studies published until February 2019 from the six scientific literature databases were searched and included in the study: Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, EMBASE and SCOPUS. Web searches for grey literature were conducted in Google, South Australia Department of Health, Commonwealth Department of Health (Australia) and My Aged Care from the Department of Social Services (Australia).
    ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Studies with a focus on elective surgery information sources oriented to patients were eligible for inclusion. Only studies written in English were sought and no publication date or study restrictions were applied.
    DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Included literature was described by National Health and Medical Council hierarchy of evidence, and data were extracted on country and year of publication, type of literature, who provided it and any information on end users. Information sources were categorised by type and how information was presented.
    RESULTS: A pool of 1039 articles was reduced to 26 after screening for duplicates and non-relevant studies. Face-to-face exchanges were the most likely source of information prior to elective surgery (59.3%), printed information (55.6%) followed by e-learning (51.9%) and multimedia (14.8%). The face-to-face category included information provided by the physician/general practitioners/specialists, and family and friends. Printed information included brochures and pamphlets, e-learning consisted of internet sites or videos and the use of multimedia included different mixed media format.
    CONCLUSION: There is considerable variability regarding the types of information patients use in their decision to undergo elective surgery. The most common source of health information (face-to-face interaction with medical personnel) raises the question that the information provided could be incomplete and/or biased, and dependent on what their health provider knew or chose to tell them.
    Keywords:  consumer health information [MeSH]; electivesurgical procedures [MeSH]; health literacy [MeSH]; review [MeSH]; scoping review
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023080
  3. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 211-217
      This case study describes how librarians at Rudolph Matas Library of the Health Sciences at Tulane University have partnered and worked with several departments that fall under the Vice President of Research. Examples include detailed literature searches, cooperative purchasing, and clinical trial registration. Some upcoming activities and opportunities for collaboration will also be discussed. Finally, the authors will share some valuable lessons learned through the process of collaboration with the research infrastructure of the university.
    Keywords:  Academic health sciences libraries; clinical trials; collaboration; interinstitutional relations; library services; research support; sponsored projects
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623603
  4. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 252-259
      Librarians gather data on multiple aspects of their work. Much of the data collection revolves around the library's resources, but what may be passed over during this data collection is information on how librarians are expending their time and effort. A group of librarians from a community hospital system designed a Microsoft Access database to collect such data and has been recording librarians' efforts for more than three years. The librarians use the data in annual reports and can track trends to evaluate service priorities and maximize effective use of the librarians' time.
    Keywords:  Data collection; library services; productivity
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623606
  5. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 293-299
      The Center for Families Resource Library at St. Louis Children's Hospital was integrated into the hospital's new Epic electronic medical records system in June 2018. The new system enables clinicians to request consults from the Center for Families Resource Library. The librarian can participate more actively and collaboratively with patient education by providing reliable health information and charting it as part of the patient's permanent record. The article reviews improvements over the former system and reveals an enhanced role for the health services librarian.
    Keywords:  Consumer health information; documentation of education; electronic medical records; health sciences librarians; hospital libraries; information literacy; patient education; patient records; physician-patient relations; role of librarians
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623610
  6. Mhealth. 2019 ;5 14
      Background: In contemporary society, due to the exponential growth of technology and the online platform, data acquisition has never been so effortless. Subsequent accessibility to health information has been reported as having many positive and negative effects. Health anxiety is the apprehension of experiencing or developing an ailment due to symptomology misinterpretation. One such lifetime occurrence which causes increased anxiety is becoming a new parent. New parents often use the online platform to seek information which will educate them on how best to care for their child and to keep their child's health at the optimum level.Methods: The online Pregnancy Questionnaire used within this study was inclusive of the Short HAI Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI) and was tailored for both pregnant women and new parents. This study focuses specifically on the results provided by the new parents. The research was disseminated and advertised on social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and a purpose-built website named "A Healthy Search" which provided all information relevant to the study and participation. Quantitative data were analysed using a regression and qualitative data were thematically analysed.
    Results: Results shows that medical complications in pregnancy did not significantly predict health anxiety however medical care within the past year did. It can also be seen that frequency of searching online for self, did not significantly predict health anxiety, yet searching online for child did significantly predict health anxiety. Anxiety specific to pregnancy ceases when gravidity comes to an end and feelings of health anxiety then tend to be transferred from the mother (parent) to the child when one becomes a new parent. New parents strive to expand their own knowledge base, in regards to typical and atypical symptomology, so that they are better equipped to monitor development, care for, and make decisions on behalf of their child. The online platform was used as opposed to offline provisos due to inexperience, judgement and anonymity. Online health information seeking behaviour also has the probability of both increasing and decreasing levels of anxiety in new parents.
    Conclusions: This research recognised and reinforced positive and negative aspects of online health information seeking behaviour. It is recommended that further research be carried out into relevant, efficacious interventional techniques that may relieve health anxiety within new parents as contemporary technology has become a pivotal aspect of life.
    Keywords:  Anxiety; health; parents; technology
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.21037/mhealth.2019.05.02
  7. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 218-227
      When Preston Medical Library moved inside the Medical Center in September 2014, the new patient library, called the Health Information Center (HIC), was added. This addition is a patient focused, consumer health library that, among other things, offers health information and books. After the initial marketing plan was implemented, a task force was created to focus specifically on marketing the consumer health library and its resources. This article discusses how the task force revamped the marketing strategy to include outreach into the medical center's waiting rooms and other opportunities for collaboration.
    Keywords:  Collaboration; consumer health; hospital libraries; marketing; outreach; relationship marketing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623612
  8. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 287-292
      Portable document format (PDF) electronic files are by far the most popular format used to publish, store, and share scholarly journal articles. Recently, new tools for quickly finding and linking to journal article PDFs have been developed. These tools integrate into the researcher's web browser and scan for unique identifiers associated with a journal article. When a unique identifier is found, the tool attempts to locate a PDF copy of the associated article and provide a link. This article will explore how these full-text finders work and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these tools. Descriptions of several of the most popular tools are provided, and a short discussion of how librarians can facilitate the use of these tools at their institutions is included.
    Keywords:  Browser extension; Internet; Kopernio; Nomad; PDF; Unpaywall; full-text; open access; research; searching
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1629215
  9. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 271-279
      This article will help librarians understand how different philosophical stances influence the process of developing a research question and the different methodologies and methods available to help answer that question. Understanding this will help librarian researchers make appropriate choices regarding methods and methodology for the research questions they are seeking to answer. Also included is a table showing the two main types of inquiry (qualitative and quantitative) with their associated methodologies and methods, the basic assumptions underlying each, and the pros and cons of each methodology.
    Keywords:  Qualitative research; interpretivism; methodology; methods; positivism; quantitative
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623614
  10. J Clin Epidemiol. 2019 Aug 06. pii: S0895-4356(19)30499-8. [Epub ahead of print]
      OBJECTIVE: To identify factors affecting the use of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement, specifically authors' attitudes towards and experiences with it.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: An online survey was distributed to authors of observational studies recruited via social media, personal network snowballing, and mass-mailings using targeted search strategies. Data on demographics, awareness, motivators, and usage were collected in conjunction with a modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) scale on which confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed.
    RESULTS: 1015 participants completed the survey. Of these, 185 (18.2%) indicated they had never heard of STROBE nor used it previously, 195 (19.2%) had heard of it but never used it, and 635 (62.6%) had used it. Journals promoting STROBE were both key motivators and awareness mechanisms; peers and educational workshops were also important influencing factors to a lesser degree. The internal consistency of the modified UTAUT scale was strong (Cronbach's alpha = 0.94). CFA supported a 4-factor model with 23 questions.
    CONCLUSION: The endorsement of STROBE by journals is key to authors' awareness and use of the guideline. We tested and validated our scale which can guide future research on reporting guidelines.
    Keywords:  Epidemiologic research design; Guidelines as topic; Information dissemination/methods; Observational studies; STROBE
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.07.019
  11. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2019 Jul 14. pii: S0303-8467(19)30242-2. [Epub ahead of print]184 105446
      Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard studies to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Although they are frequently identified through open searches in electronic databases, no studies have evaluated how easy it is to identify RCTs in neurosurgery using electronic search strategies. The present study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of different search strategies applied to commonly used databases to identify RCTs in neurosurgery. The total number of RCTs in neurosurgery published between 1960 and 2013 was determined through a detailed search involving open keyword searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library and Center for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) databases, a PubMed search based on clinical entity-related keywords and hand-searches on the reference list of identified articles. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the open keyword searches on PubMed, the Cochrane Library and the CRD database and for the Cochrane's HSSS, based on the total number of the identified RCTs. Compared to the total of 1102 RCTs identified, PubMed open search yielded 4660 articles, among which 365 were RCTs (sensitivity: 33.1%; specificity: 7.8%). Cochrane open search yielded 621 among which 36 were RCTs (sensitivity: 3.2%; specificity: 5.8%) and CRD open search returned 78 articles, among which 4 were RCTs (sensitivity: 0.4% sensitivity; specificity: 5.1%). The Cochrane HSSS retrieved 10702 results, among which 340 were RCTs (sensitivity: 30.9%; specificity: 3.2%). Most RCTs in neurosurgery cannot be identified by commonly used search strategies, which emphasizes the need to improve their indexing.
    Keywords:  Neurosurgery; RCTs; Randomized controlled trials; Search strategies; Sensitivity; Specificity
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2019.105446
  12. J Cancer Educ. 2019 Aug 08.
      People who seek health information frequently may be more likely to meet health behavior goals; however, people use many different information sources. The purpose of this paper is to assess how different sources of health information influence likelihood of meeting cancer prevention behavior guidelines. Logistic regression of cross-sectional data from 6 years of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) was conducted. Independent variables included first source of health information, gender, age, race, education level, income, cancer history, general health, and data year; dependent variables were fruit and vegetable intake, exercise, smoking, mammography, Pap test, and colon cancer screening. Those who seek health information from doctors, the internet, or publications had higher odds of meeting more cancer prevention guidelines than those who do not seek health information. Those who used healthcare providers as an initial information source had higher odds of meeting diet, cervical, and colon cancer screening recommendations, while using the internet as an initial source of health information was associated with higher odds of meeting diet, smoking, and colon cancer screening recommendations. No health information source was associated with meeting either exercise or mammography recommendations. People should be encouraged to seek health information to help them meet their behavior goals, especially from sources that are more likely to be accurate and encourage cancer prevention behavior. Future research is needed to understand the accuracy of health information and what kinds of health information have positive influences on cancer prevention behavior.
    Keywords:  Cancer prevention; Cancer screening; Cross-sectional; Health information seeking
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01597-0
  13. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 260-270
      Informationists at the Taubman Health Sciences Library, University of Michigan, formed a research impact consultation and education initiative in early 2017 to increase engagement with the health sciences community around the informed, responsible use of a range of citation and alternative metrics and associated tools. So far, the Research Impact Core has primarily entailed developing training content and cultivating partnerships related to publication metrics and associated best practices. This article reports on progress from the first two years of the Research Impact Core, including a snapshot of information session registrants, and a broader discussion of collaborative partnerships around research impact in the health sciences and library system.
    Keywords:  Alternative metrics; altmetrics; collaboration; research impact
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623618
  14. Br J Nurs. 2019 Aug 08. 28(15): 1008-1014
      Systematic reviews provide a synthesis of evidence for a specific topic of interest, summarising the results of multiple studies to aid in clinical decisions and resource allocation. They remain among the best forms of evidence, and reduce the bias inherent in other methods. A solid understanding of the systematic review process can be of benefit to nurses that carry out such reviews, and for those who make decisions based on them. An overview of the main steps involved in carrying out a systematic review is presented, including some of the common tools and frameworks utilised in this area. This should provide a good starting point for those that are considering embarking on such work, and to aid readers of such reviews in their understanding of the main review components, in order to appraise the quality of a review that may be used to inform subsequent clinical decision making.
    Keywords:  Health care education; Health care roles; Nursing education; Nursing evaluation research; Nursing research
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2019.28.15.1008
  15. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 228-235
      The purpose of this study was to compare the visibility and placement of links to the library on home pages of 165 American Association of Medical Colleges member medical schools with the results from a study performed in 2010. Visibility on the home page declined from 50.7% to 41.2%, and one-click pathways declined from 61% to 44.8%. On 14 medical school websites, no discoverable navigation to the library could be found, including use of the search function. During the same time period, librarian partnerships with health care professionals and biomedical researchers have increased and expanded.
    Keywords:  Advocacy; engagement; link placement; services
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623613
  16. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 236-251
      Digital libraries and their librarians face a challenge to remain visible to users since almost all their resources can be accessed without having to visit the library space. Libraries with a primarily electronic collection can promote their visibility through creative programing that draws people into the library space or provides opportunities for users to engage with librarians. A new, primarily digital academic health sciences library shares its experiences with developing creative user events and programs to promote the library's visibility.
    Keywords:  Digital libraries; library marketing; library programming; library promotion
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623616
  17. Med Ref Serv Q. 2019 Jul-Sep;38(3):38(3): 300-306
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2019.1623621
  18. Res Synth Methods. 2019 Aug 08.
      BACKGROUND: It has been reported that information sources searched in systematic reviews (SRs) are insufficiently comprehensive. We analyzed information sources used in SRs, as well as how up-to-date were the searches.METHODS: We searched PubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) through Wiley from 2012 to 2016 to find SRs of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the field of anesthesiology and pain. We analyzed information sources used and search dates.
    RESULTS: We analyzed 674 SRs, including 374 non-Cochrane SRs (NCSRs) and 300 Cochrane reviews. The most commonly searched electronic databases reported in all included SRs were Embase (88.6%), MEDLINE (78.3%), CENTRAL (76.1%), CINAHL (29.1%) and PubMed (30.9%). In 303 (45%) SRs authors reported that they searched clinical trial registries; 57 (8.5%) reported that they searched for unpublished data, 184 (27.3%) searched grey literature, 51 (7.6%) searched citations and 546 (81%) searched references of included studies. A substantial amount of Cochrane reviews searched clinical trial registries (75.7%), compared to NCSRs (20.3%). Search date was reported in 647 SRs (96.1%). The median time between the last search date and publication for the SRs that reported search date was 10 months. For the NCSRs median time between the last search and publication date was significantly higher compared with Cochrane reviews. Non-reporting of search date was more prevalent in NCSRs.
    CONCLUSION: SRs in the field of anesthesiology and pain often neglect to search all possible information sources, particularly in NCSRs. Cochrane reviews had more comprehensive searching and shorter search to publication time.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1375
  19. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Aug 04. pii: E2784. [Epub ahead of print]16(15):
      The Chinese Hui ethnic minority group is an Islamic minority. The Hui people comprise the third largest minority population in China and are widely distributed throughout the country. Previous research shows that the Hui had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) than most other ethnic groups. Therefore, the availability of health information relating to these factors is especially important for the Hui minority's preventive healthcare. They do, however, experience difficulties in obtaining health-related information. The current research aims to identify the needs of the Hui people on where and how they obtain cardiovascular disease (CVD) related information from the media and other sources. Six focus groups were conducted in Shenyang City. The results revealed that the participants relied on different sources to get advice about CVDs, of which the internet and television were the most prominent ones. The participants expressed a desire for credible and professional information from different sources and asked for mediated health communication programs specifically targeted at the Hui. In addition, the participants felt ignored by the Chinese mainstream media at large, which created barriers for them to get health information.
    Keywords:  cardiovascular diseases; culture; focus group; health information; needs; the Chinese Hui ethnic minority
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152784
  20. Can Med Educ J. 2019 Jul;10(3): e78-e81
      Background: Educators need to ensure trainees have access to the rotation orientation information they need in the most effective way possible. We wanted to find the best method to distribute this information.Methods: We provided post-graduate medical trainees rotating through the Pediatric Emergency Medicine program at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario in Ottawa, Canada, the regular rotation information package three ways: email, online, and paper. We surveyed them to find out which method(s) they used and which they found most useful.
    Results: All trainees were able to access the electronic orientation package via email and most found this method useful. Most also found the paper package distributed at the orientation helpful. Few accessed the online wiki site.
    Conclusion: Using email is efficient and effective and can save both the time and cost of producing paper packages. The wiki site was not used frequently in our cohort, but may be worth future exploration.
  21. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Aug 06.
      PURPOSE: Total laryngectomy and end tracheal stoma formation are often required to treat advanced laryngeal cancer. Resources on the internet are commonly accessed by patients as a source of healthcare information. YouTube™, the most popular video-hosting website, is one such resource. The aims of this study were to assess the thematic content of the most viewed YouTube™ videos concerning laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer and to evaluate user response to these videos.METHOD: A search of YouTube™ was performed and data were extracted from videos with > 100 views. Upload source, number of views, likes, dislikes and comments were collected and the content of comments was analysed. User response was compared between upload sources using Kruskal-Wallis testing. Inductive thematic analysis of video content was performed to identify overarching themes and subthemes.
    RESULTS: A total of 96 videos were identified, 16 uploaded by patients, 24 by individual healthcare professionals and 56 by professional healthcare institutions. There were 1214,503 views and no significant differences in the number of views, likes or dislikes between upload sources. Three overarching themes and 17 subthemes were identified. Comments were most frequently characterised as offering praise.
    CONCLUSION: YouTube™ has been shown to be a popular platform for sharing information about laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. There is a lack of data concerning the quality of this information, however, and future work should focus on assessing this. Trusted institutions could make use of this medium to disseminate high-quality information to their patients, and to the wider public.
    Keywords:  Head and neck; Health information; Laryngeal cancer; Laryngectomy; YouTube
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05590-7