bims-exocan 2024-11-03 papers

Issue of 2024‒11‒03
four papers selected by
Muhammad Rizwan, COMSATS University

Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2024 ;249 10084

Exosomal circPTPRK promotes angiogenesis after radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the recurrence rate remains high due to angiogenesis in residual cancer cells. We used thermal stimulation to simulate the post-RFA microenvironment. The expression profile of circRNAs between normal control HCC cell-derived exosomes and exosomes after heat stimulation were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to evaluate the expression of circPTPRK in exosomes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Then, the functions of heat-stimulated HCC cell-derived exosomes and exosomal circPTPRK on HUVECs were unveiled. Transcriptome sequencing was utilized to determine targeted genes of circPTPRK. Heat-stimulated HCC cell-derived exosomes augmented cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs. In total, 229 differentially expressed circRNAs were obtained, including 211 upregulated circRNAs and 18 downregulated circRNAs in heat-stimulated HCC cell-derived exosomes. The expression of circPTPRK was remarkably increased in heat-stimulated HCC cell-derived exosomes and the HUVECs incubated with them. Heat-stimulated HCC cell-derived exosomes with circPTPRK knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Mechanistic studies indicated that PLA2G4E is a downstream target of circPTPRK, and PLA2G4E overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of circPTPRK knockdown on HUVEC angiogenesis. Our results indicated that exosomal circPTPRK activated HUVEC angiogenesis by upregulating PLA2G4E expression.

Keywords: angiogenesis; circPTPRK; exosome; hepatocellular carcinoma; radiofrequency ablation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/ebm.2024.10084

Pathol Res Pract. 2024 Oct 24. pii: S0344-0338(24)00577-6. [Epub ahead of print]263 155666

Exosomal microRNAs in cancer metastasis: A bridge between tumor micro and macroenvironment.

Mohamed J Saadh, Amirmohammad Khalifehsoltani, Abbas Hameed Abdul Hussein, Omer Qutaiba B Allela, Hayder Naji Sameer, Jasur Rizaev, Huda Ghassan Hameed, Ameer Hassan Idan, Fahad Alsaikhan.

Malignant tumors are complicated structures of cancer cells that are constantly in communication with their local and distant environment. Exosomes are released by tumor cells and can facilitate the cell-cell interaction within the local microenvironment and the primary tumor. In fact, exosomes are secreted by both tumor and non-tumor cells, to provide a mutual communication network between cells and their micro- and/or macro-environments. Exososmes can contain a variety of biological cargos mostly based on their originated cells. Uptake of these exosomes by their recipient cells results in the alterations that their cargo can exert. MicroRNAs are identified as one of the most critical exosomal components, considering their pivotal regulatory roles in distinct biological process, including metastasis. Release and absorbance of exosomal microRNAs is possible by various cells within the host, and can have distinct biological consequences. Therefore, in this review we will discuss the role of exosomal microRNAs derived from tumor cells and untransformed cells within their micro- and macroenvironment in cancer progression and metastasis.

Keywords: Exosome; Macroenvironment; Metastasis; MicroRNAs; Tumor microenvironment

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2024.155666

Curr Med Chem. 2024 Oct 31.

Exosomal Delivery of miR-155 Inhibitor can Suppress Migration, Invasion, and Angiogenesis Via PTEN and DUSP14 in Triple-negative Breast Cancer.

Javad Razaviyan, Majid Sirati-Sabet, Razie Hadavi, Saeed Karima, Masoumeh Rajabi Bazl, Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh.

INTRODUCTION: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is the most common type of breast cancer (BC). In order to develop effective treatments for TNBC, it is vital to identify potential therapeutic targets. Angiogenesis stimulates tumor growth and metastasis in TNBC, and miR-155 plays a crucial role in this process. The exosome is a nano-sized vesicle that carries many cargoes, including miRNAs. The present study investigated the effect of exosomal delivery of miR-155 antagomir on tumor migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in TNBC.MATERIALS AND METHODS: From MDA-MB-231 cells, exosomes were extracted, characterized, and loaded with miR-155 antagomir using electroporation. The expression of miR-155 and its target genes, including PTEN and DUSP14, was analyzed using RTqPCR. The wound-healing and transwell assays were used to measure cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, angiogenesis was evaluated by tube formation and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays.
RESULTS: The results indicated that exosomal delivery of miR-155 antagomir to HUVEC cells significantly suppressed miR-155 expression while upregulating PTEN and DUSP14. The tube formation properties of HUVEC cells were also significantly reduced following treatment with exosomes containing miR-155 antagomirs, and these results were confirmed using CAM assay. The migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells were significantly reduced after treatment with miR-155 antagomir-loaded exosomes.
CONCLUSION: It was found that miR-155 antagomir delivery using exosomes can inhibit migration, invasion, and angiogenesis viaPTEN and DUSP14 in TNBC.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; DUSP14; PTEN; TNBC; exosome; invasion.; miR-155; migration

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298673341499241016110341

World J Surg Oncol. 2024 Oct 29. 22(1): 285

The diagnostic accuracy of urine-derived exosomes for bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chunyue Long, Hongjin Shi, Jinyu Li, Lijian Chen, Mei Lv, Wenlin Tai, Haifeng Wang, Yiheng Xu.

INTRODUCTION: Urine-derived exosomes could potentially be biomarkers for bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic worth of urine-derived exosomes in BC patients through a meta-analysis of diverse studies.METHODS: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and CNKI databases to obtain the literature concerning the diagnosis of BC via urine-derived exosomes. A literature retrieval strategy was devised to pick articles and extract needed data from the literature. QUADS-2 was used to evaluate the quality of the included literatures, and the aggregated diagnostic effect was assessed by calculating the area under the aggregated SROC curve. All statistical analyses and plots were conducted with STATA 14.0 and RevMan5.3.
RESULTS: A total of 678 articles were retrieved by means of the search strategy of the online database. Through screening, 21 articles were obtained, involving 3348 participants and 77 studies. The meta-analysis of the results indicated that urinary exosomes had a combined sensitivity of 0.75, a specificity of 0.77, and a combined AUC of 0.83 for the diagnosis of BC, suggesting that urine-derived exosomes have a relatively satisfactory diagnostic effect in the detection of BC. Among the subgroups classified by biomarker, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) had the highest comprehensive sensitivity (SEN = 0.78), and miRNAs had the highest comprehensive specificity (SPN = 0.81). In other subgroup analyses, the biomarker panel for multiple exosomes combined diagnosis demonstrated the best diagnostic efficacy, with a combined the area under the curve ( AUC) of 0.87.
CONCLUSIONS: As a novel biomarker, urine-derived exosomes have significant diagnostic prospects in the diagnosis of BC. Nevertheless, their application in clinical settings still demands a considerable number of clinical trials to confirm their clinical feasibility and practicability.

Keywords: Biomarker; Bladder cancer; Diagnosis; Urine derived exosomes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-024-03569-1