bims-exocan 2025-03-09 papers

Issue of 2025–03–09
five papers selected by
Muhammad Rizwan, COMSATS University

J Liq Biopsy. 2023 Dec;2 100129

Exosomes Barcoding: A smart approach for cancer liquid biopsy.

Cancer is an unsolved health crisis worldwide. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) address this problem in a new way. In cancer, early detection is highly challenging, exosomes (a subpopulation of EVs, originating from endosomes) overcomes this limitation. In cancer, tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) play a role as signaling molecules in cancer development and progression. TEXs provide detailed investigation for specific cancer biomarkers research. Exosomes heterogeneity (variation in exosomes size, exosomes origin, and inner molecular diversity) has led to complications in understanding and studying cancer liquid biopsies. Single exosome profiling and exosomes barcoding has helped in supporting and overcoming this limitation and has played a significant role in precision oncology. Exosomes barcoding is a promising interdisciplinary approach for screening cancers more specifically.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Cancer; Exosomes; Exosomes barcoding; Sensor

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlb.2023.100129

J Liq Biopsy. 2024 Dec;6 100166

Unlocking the potential of exosomes: A new frontier in liver cancer liquid biopsy.

Asmit Das, Sidhanti Nyahatkar, Swarup Sonar, Ketki Kalele, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan.

Liquid biopsy has emerged as one of the non-invasive diagnostic strategies for cancer, offering significant advantages over traditional tissue biopsies. Exosomes the nanoscale extracellular vesicles, have significantly been in the spotlight of research and investigation as highly informative biomarkers in liquid biopsy. These vesicles, which are secreted by a variety of cells, including tumor cells, contain useful information on the molecular characteristics of the parent cell and could be used as a mirror into the processes underlying cancer biology. The analysis of the biomolecular exosomal cargo, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, has shown great promise for the development of sensitive and specific liquid biopsy-based biomarkers for cancer detection, monitoring, and prognosis. This review discusses the role of exosomes in the liver cancer development and metastatic process, including their ability to transfer oncogenic material and facilitate tumor progression. It also explores the application of exosomes as a tool for early cancer detection, monitoring disease status, and predicting prognosis, with a specific focus on liver cancer. Exosomes hold great promise as a minimally invasive liquid biopsy approach that could revolutionize the way we diagnose and manage this deadly disease.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicle; Liquid biopsy; Liver cancer; Metastasis

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlb.2024.100166

J Liq Biopsy. 2024 Jun;4 100144

Exosomes-based liquid biopsy: An effective approach for drugs and therapeutics resistance screening in cancer.

Sidhanti Nyahatkar, Ketki Kalele.

Cancer drugs and therapeutics resistance are a complicated domain of cancer treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) based cancer investigation reveals several complicated concepts about cancer. EVs are associated with cellular communication. Its bioactive molecular transportation reprograms cellular activity. Exosomes an exciting EVs subpopulation work as masterminds in cancer development and progression. Studies over the past decade have elucidated that exosomes play a vital role in intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment (TME), influencing multiple events such as hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stemness, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) associated with drugs and therapeutics resistance development. This article focuses on understanding exosome biology and its implications in cancer drug and therapeutics resistance, exosome-based liquid biopsy application in drug and therapeutic resistance detection, limitations, and future orientation in this domain.

Keywords: Drug resistance; Exosomes; Therapeutic resistance; microRNA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlb.2024.100144

Front Oncol. 2025 ;15 1453786

Immunoregulatory role of exosomal circRNAs in the tumor microenvironment.

Cunming Lv, Jinhao Chen, Yuxiang Wang, Yichen Lin.

As cancer incidence and mortality rates rise, there is an urgent need to develop effective immunotherapy strategies. Circular RNA (circRNA), a newly identified type of non-coding RNA, is abundant within cells and can be released via exosomes, facilitating communication between cells. Studies have demonstrated that exosomal circRNAs can alter the tumor microenvironment and modulate immune responses by influencing the functions of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and macrophages, thereby enabling tumors to evade the immune system. Moreover, exosomal circRNAs show potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. This review summarizes the regulatory roles of exosomal circRNAs in immune cells and their potential applications in cancer progression and treatment, highlighting their promise in improving cancer immunotherapy. Future research should concentrate on understanding the mechanisms of key exosomal circRNAs and developing targeted immunotherapy methods.

Keywords: circular RNAs; exosomes; immunomodulation; signal pathway; tumor metastasis; tumor microenvironment; tumor-associated macrophages

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1453786

J Liq Biopsy. 2024 Mar;3 100134

Exosomes in liquid biopsy and oncology: Nanotechnological interplay and the quest to overcome cancer drug resistance.

Nobendu Mukerjee, Hanan M Alharbi, Swastika Maitra, Krishnan Anand, Nanasaheb Thorat, Sukhamoy Gorai.

Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, have emerged as pivotal mediators in intercellular communication, driving transformative advancements across diverse fields of biology and medicine. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted roles of exosomes in health and disease, elucidating their biogenesis, cargo composition, and far-reaching implications. Exosomes, secreted by virtually all cell types, encapsulate a cargo comprising proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, reflecting their cellular origin. Their molecular cargo modulates cellular processes, facilitating complex signalling cascades and contributing to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious diseases. In cancer, exosomes serve as messengers of tumorigenesis and metastasis, orchestrating critical events within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, exosomes participate in drug resistance mechanisms, presenting significant challenges in cancer therapy. The diagnostic potential of exosomes, particularly in the context of liquid biopsy, is underscored by their presence in various biofluids. This offers non-invasive disease monitoring and biomarker discovery, revolutionizing early detection and monitoring strategies. Additionally, exosomes have gained recognition as therapeutic vehicles, holding promise for targeted drug delivery, immunomodulation, and regenerative medicine. This review comprehensively explores the ever-expanding landscape of exosome biology, emphasizing their roles in health and disease. It underscores the transformative potential of exosomes in liquid biopsy-based diagnostics and therapeutics while acknowledging the complexities and challenges that lie ahead in harnessing their full clinical utility.

Keywords: Cancer drug resistance; Exosomes; Liquid biopsy; Nanotechnology; Precision medicine

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlb.2023.100134