bims-evecad 2025-10-26 papers

Issue of 2025–10–26
two papers selected by
Cliff Dominy

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 ;12 1666589

Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases: pathogenic mediators, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic vectors.

Tianyi Li, Wan Wang, Zilu Qin, Yiling Chen, Kangjie Zhu, Haoyu Liu, Jiangjiang Sun, Hongpeng Zhong.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading global cause of mortality, underscore an urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-lipid-bilayer nanoparticles transporting bioactive cargo (microRNAs, proteins, lipids)-are critical mediators of intercellular communication in CVD pathogenesis. They exhibit functional duality: propagating pathology (inflammation, fibrosis, thrombosis) while facilitating tissue repair. This review synthesizes EV biogenesis mechanisms, isolation methodologies, source-specific functions, and multifaceted roles in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke. We further evaluate EV-based diagnostic biomarkers, engineered therapeutic applications, clinical translation challenges, and future directions.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; cardiovascular diseases; extracellular vesicles; heart failure; hypertension; myocardial infarction; stroke; valvular heart disease

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1666589

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 ;16 1674028

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in diabetes and complications: mechanistic insights and translational prospects.

Siyuan Liu, Zhicheng Pan, Xuzhuo Chen, Zhenlin Wang, Wei Zhong, Jitao Ling, Yixuan Chen, Panpan Xia, Deju Zhang, Xiao Liu, Peng Yu, Zhen Hu, Jing Zhang.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, have emerged as key players in diabetes pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. They regulate intercellular communication, influence islet function, and contribute to diabetic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiomyopathy. Their potential as liquid biopsy biomarkers and engineered therapeutic carriers-delivering nucleic acids, proteins, or stem cell-derived regenerative signals-offers promising avenues for diabetes management. However, there are some critical challenges in clinical translation. Future research must prioritize (1) scalable GMP-compliant production with rigorous quality control, (2) targeted delivery systems via ligand modification or biomimetic engineering, (3) improved biocompatibility through cargo optimization and stealth coatings, and (4) large-scale clinical trials to validate efficacy and safety. Addressing these hurdles is essential to harness EVs' full potential and accelerate their transition into mainstream diabetic care.

Keywords: biomarkers; cell-cell communication; diabetes mellitus; diabetic complications; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; liquid biopsy; targeted therapy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1674028