bims-evares Biomed News
on Evaluation of research
Issue of 2025–11–16
sixteen papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society
  1. A Bibliometric Analysis of Neurosurgical Research in Africa: Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions.
  2. Analyzing the citation impact of predatory journals in the health sciences.
  3. Gender gap in citations, h-index, and representation: Examining the highly cited authors across continents and disciplines in Google Scholar.
  4. Is Addiction Research Addicted to Artificial Intelligence? Mapping the Intersection of Artificial Intelligence, Substance Use and Mental Health Through a Bibliometric Analysis.
  5. Scientometric analysis of publications in Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma since its inception.
  6. Success in the Sports Medicine Fellowship Match: The Role of Research Productivity and Academic Metrics.
  7. From Podium to Publication: the Fate of Abstracts Presented at ICS and IUGA/AUGS 2022.
  8. Uncovering the characteristics and evolution of inter-provincial knowledge flow in China through Chinese literature citations.
  9. A comprehensive analysis of diversity in Türkiye's intensive care medicine: Leadership, workforce and authorship.
  10. Influential list of highly cited researchers now shuts out more scientists: here's why.
  11. Academic Productivity and Artificial Intelligence: Beyond Time Constraints.
  12. What Retractions Tell Us About Research Integrity in Mexican Academia.
  13. Spin is Prevalent in the Majority of Abstracts of Patello-Femoral Arthroplasty Studies.
  14. Undisclosed financial conflicts of interest among physician-authors in leading US psychiatry journals: a cross-sectional study.
  15. The Landscape of U.S. Academic Surgery Departments in the Corporate Medicine Era: Federal and Industry Funding, Academic Output, and Corporate Medicine Revenue Analysis.
  16. A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Speaker Representation: Intentionality meets Intersectionality in Academic Global Surgery.
  1. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2025 Nov 13.
    A Bibliometric Analysis of Neurosurgical Research in Africa: Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions.
    Inibehe Ime Okon, Marianna E Kapsetaki, Olutayo Toriola, Bipin Chaurasia, Muhammad Kabir Musa, Arwa Salam Alabide, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno.
      Neurosurgery in Africa has quite different realities compared to the developed countries, with emphasis on clinical procedures rather than research. The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of neurosurgical research to understand the trends across Africa. We examined the scientific production, collaboration, and publication impact of African institutions from 2010 to 2024. This bibliometric analysis provides information on the statistical tendencies, challenges, and recommendations to improve engagement in neurosurgical research in Africa.Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Bibliometric Analysis (PRIBA) guidelines, a PubMed search was conducted starting on October 9, 2024, where 1,431 publications affiliated with neurosurgical institutions were found. The bibliometric analysis was done using the bibliometrix package from RStudio 4.4.1 version, which involved analyzing the annual scientific production (evaluated in 5-year increments), the countries' scientific production and collaborations, and the most productive affiliations and journals in the context of neurosurgical research in Africa.Egypt, Nigeria, and South Africa are the major contributors to neurosurgical research in Africa, with an upward trend in publications predominantly seen in 2023. These countries' most prevalent collaborators are the United States, India, and Burundi, respectively. Regarding the journals, World Neurosurgery, Child's Nervous System, and Neurosurgical Review were the ones that mostly published Africa-affiliated neurosurgical papers.Amid the challenges, research endeavors in the field of neurosurgery in Africa have yielded some progress, as seen by the upward trend in publication output and the international collaborations among researchers. Recommendations include the need to further strengthen collaborations internationally, infrastructural improvements, and quality enhancement of local research outputs to meet global standards.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2679-5657
  2. J Med Libr Assoc. 2025 Oct 23. 113(4): 327-335
    Analyzing the citation impact of predatory journals in the health sciences.
    Erin Watson, Li Zhang.
       Objective: Predatory journal articles do not undergo rigorous peer review and so their quality is potentially lower. Citing them disseminates the unreliable data they may contain and may undermine the integrity of science. Using citation analysis techniques, this study investigates the influence of predatory journals in the health sciences.
    Methods: The twenty-six journals in the "Medical Sciences" category of a known predatory publisher were selected. The number of articles published by these journals was recorded based on the information from their websites. The "Cited References" search function in Web of Science was used to retrieve citation data for these journals.
    Results: Of the 3,671 articles published in these predatory journals, 1,151 (31.4%) were cited at least once by 3,613 articles indexed in Web of Science. The number of articles that cited articles published in predatory journals increased significantly from 64 in 2014 to 665 in 2022, an increase of 10-fold in nine years. The citing articles were published by researchers from all over the world (from high-, middle-, and lower-income countries) and in the journals of traditional and open access publishers. Forty-three percent (1,560/3,613) of the citing articles were supported by research funds.
    Conclusions: The content from articles published in predatory journals has infiltrated reputable health sciences journals to a substantial extent. It is crucial to develop strategies to prevent citing such articles.
    Keywords:  Predatory journals; Web of Science; citation analysis; health sciences
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2025.2024
  3. PLoS One. 2025 ;20(11): e0334690
    Gender gap in citations, h-index, and representation: Examining the highly cited authors across continents and disciplines in Google Scholar.
    Manuel Goyanes, Adrián Domínguez-Díaz, Beatriz Jordá, Luis de-Marcos.
      This study investigates gender inequalities in academia by examining differences in representation, citations, and h-index between male and female highly cited researchers across disciplines and geographic regions. Using a unique dataset from Google Scholar, this study analyzes 21,509 highly cited authors across 191 fields and all continents. We examine gender disparities in citations, h-index, and representation while controlling for research productivity and career length to determine if female researchers experience different outcomes compared to their male counterparts. The findings reveal that women are significantly underrepresented among highly cited scholars globally (0.255 women per man) and receive fewer citations and have lower h-indexes than men in most regions and disciplines. However, after controlling for productivity and career length, female scholars are cited more than men in the pooled sample, Asia, Europe, and in two fields (natural sciences and exact sciences/physics). Despite this, women's h-index remains significantly lower than men's in all regions except Africa and South America, and in all fields except social sciences. This study highlights the persistence of gender inequalities in academic representation and long-term impact, as measured by the h-index. The results suggest that while citation rates for female researchers can match or exceed those of male scholars when productivity is controlled for, structural barriers continue to limit women's long-term recognition in academia. This research contributes to the understanding of gender disparities among top researchers, showing that while citation parity is possible, significant gender gaps remain in overall academic representation and long-term recognition through h-index measures.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0334690
  4. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2025 Nov 08.
    Is Addiction Research Addicted to Artificial Intelligence? Mapping the Intersection of Artificial Intelligence, Substance Use and Mental Health Through a Bibliometric Analysis.
    Loïs Vanhée, Simone Scarpa.
       ISSUES: From extracting insights from large-scale, multimodal data to prevention and support, there is growing interest in the applications and implications of recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the fields of addiction, substance use and mental health, which we refer to as ASUM. However, due to the absence of a structured mapping of AI for ASUM, it remains unclear how this interest is translated into concrete research results.
    APPROACH: This paper addresses this gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of AI for ASUM, exploring: (i) the scale of ASUM-related research (number of publications, authors, institutions and countries); (ii) the evolution of ASUM's research productivity over time, both in absolute terms and relative to its parent disciplines; (iii) the key topics within ASUM and their interrelations.
    KEY FINDINGS: Results, supplemented by a comparison of similar fields, show that, while ASUM is an emerging and rapidly expanding domain (with a 25-fold increase in research output since 2012, attracting growing attention relative to parent disciplines as well as appearing to rely on applying more advanced AI methods than related fields), it remains largely fragmented through a dispersed group of infrequent contributors.
    IMPLICATIONS: An integration of the findings suggests two dominant trajectories through which AI for ASUM is currently being realised: as AI-driven analytic support and as innovative research and therapeutic methods (e.g., virtual reality, chatbots).
    CONCLUSIONS: The paper concludes by situating AI for ASUM as an emerging scientific field, outlining the scientific and practical challenges and opportunities that are likely to arise, and high-potential research areas open for exploration.
    Keywords:  addiction; artificial intelligence; bibliometric analyses; mental health; substance use
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.70057
  5. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2025 Nov;70 103163
    Scientometric analysis of publications in Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma since its inception.
    Mantu Jain, Mrs Sangeeta Behera, Santosh Kumar, Bisworanjan Dash, Nikhil Unnava, Prof Binod Kumar Patro.
       Background: This study evaluates the publication output of the journal of clinical orthopedic and trauma (JCOT) in from 2010 to 2025 using bibliometric methods.
    Methods: The publications as listed in the Scopus database were identified using, "Article" as document type to maintain the homogeneity and consistency in the present review. The study used Excel sheet for data cleaning and primary calculation. The present study used multiple tools such as Biblioshiny, PyBibx and VOS Viewer software for further statistical analysis and visualization.
    Results: More than half of the publications were contributed by Indian authors followed by UK, USA and Italy respectively. There is trend for multi and mega authorship. AIIMS, New Delhi and Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals lead the nations' baton for publication, while the Royal Orthopedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (UK) and Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (USA) were international representation. The citations are highest for the year 2020 followed by 2021 and 2019 respectively. There is mostly domestic collaboration with Germany having maximum internation collaboration. "fractures", "neglected" "total knee arthroplasty", "total hip arthroplasty" and "COVID" emerged dominant keywords and co-occurrence. There is steady growth in social platforms as seen in altmetrics.
    Conclusion: JCOT has been predominantly influenced by substantial contributions from Indian authors; however, there is a recent trend towards multi- and mega-authorship. International collaboration with funding organisations and institutions is establishing a global presence. The journal disseminates extensive research on trauma, fractures, and arthroplasties, encompassing the entirety of orthopaedics and thereby enlightening its readership on contemporary orthopaedic standards.
    Keywords:  Bibliometrics; JCOT; Orthopedics; PubMed; SCOPUS; Scientometrics; Trauma
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103163
  6. Orthop J Sports Med. 2025 Nov;13(11): 23259671251389149
    Success in the Sports Medicine Fellowship Match: The Role of Research Productivity and Academic Metrics.
    Evan H Richman, Jack C Hop, Beau M McGinley, Benjamin R Wharton, Joseph C Brinkman, Rachel M Frank, Eric C McCarty.
       Background: Orthopaedic sports medicine fellowships are highly competitive, yet objective data defining characteristics of successful applicants remain limited.
    Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that greater academic productivity, top-tier residency training, and certain demographic factors would be associated with matching into a top-ranked orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship.
    Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed applicants who matched into one of the top 10 orthopaedic sports medicine fellowships from 2020 to 2025, as identified by previous applicant preference rankings. Applicant data were obtained from publicly available sources and verified by 2 independent reviewers. Variables included sex, degree type, residency program ranking, geographic region, and research productivity (total publications, primary publication count, H-index, and sports-related publications). Multivariate logistic regression assessed predictors of matching into top 5 versus 6th- to 10th-ranked programs.
    Results: Among 226 matched applicants, 87.7% were male and 99.1% held a doctorate in medicine degree. The mean total publication count was 12.4, mean H-index was 8.2, and 30.5% trained at a top 20 orthopaedic residency. Applicants matching into top 5 programs had significantly higher research metrics than those in the 6th- to 10th-ranked programs: total publications (20.1 vs 4.7), primary publication count (6.2 vs 1.6), and sports-related publications (11.4 vs 1.9). On regression analysis, total publications, H-index, and residency ranking were independent predictors of matching into a top 5 program.
    Conclusion: Matching into a top orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship is associated with higher academic productivity and training at a top-tier residency program.
    Keywords:  match outcomes; orthopaedic residency; research productivity; sex disparity; sports medicine fellowship
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/23259671251389149
  7. Int Urogynecol J. 2025 Nov 12.
    From Podium to Publication: the Fate of Abstracts Presented at ICS and IUGA/AUGS 2022.
    Reut Rotem, Mika Rabinovich, Bobby D O'Leary, Sarah E Kennedy, Barry A O'Reilly, Orfhlaith E O'Sullivan.
       INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Conference presentations are a cornerstone of academic dissemination, yet the proportion of abstracts that reach full-text publication varies. Limited data exist on publication outcomes from major Urogynecology conferences. This study was aimed at comparing publication rates of abstracts presented at the 2022 International Continence Society (ICS) and International Urogynecological Association/American Urogynecologic Society (IUGA/AUGS) meetings.
    METHODS: Abstracts from the ICS (oral presentations only) and IUGA/AUGS (oral and poster presentations) 2022 conferences were reviewed. A systematic PubMed search (January 2022-August 2024) was conducted to identify corresponding peer-reviewed publications. Abstracts were considered published if a full-text article with substantial overlap in study design and authorship was identified. Two reviewers independently confirmed publication status, with a third reviewer resolving discrepancies. Publication characteristics and author counts were recorded. Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical comparisons.
    RESULTS: Among 788 abstracts (ICS: 300; IUGA/AUGS: 488), a total of 291 (36.9%) were published. Publication rates were similar for oral presentations at ICS and IUGA/AUGS (41.0% vs 42.4%, p = 0.80). Within the IUGA/AUGS, oral presentations were significantly more likely to be published than posters (42.4% vs 26.0%, p < 0.001). Published abstracts had more authors than unpublished ones (median 6 vs 5, p < 0.001). Over half of publications appeared in three journals: Urogynecology, International Urogynecology Journal, and Neurourology and Urodynamics. In multivariable analysis, oral presentations and higher author count independently predicted publication, whereas the conference was not a significant factor.
    CONCLUSIONS: More than one-third of abstracts progressed to publication, with oral presentations and higher author counts associated with increased publication rates. These findings underscore the enduring academic value of conference research and suggest that structured post-conference support might help to translate more abstracts into high-impact publications.
    Keywords:  Peer-reviewed publications; Research dissemination; Scientific conferences; Urogynecology
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-025-06407-4
  8. PLoS One. 2025 ;20(11): e0336249
    Uncovering the characteristics and evolution of inter-provincial knowledge flow in China through Chinese literature citations.
    Dan Li, Qianwen Cao.
      Knowledge flow is essential for regional innovation and a critical pathway to building a high-quality innovation system in China. This study constructs an inter-provincial knowledge flow network based on citation relationships in Chinese literature, applies social network analysis to examine the evolution of its characteristics, and employs the Chinese Library Classification number to represent content categories. The results indicate that (1) inter-provincial knowledge flow in China is gradually strengthening, while differences in provincial importance are narrowing and dependence on key provinces is declining; (2) Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Hubei remain central in driving knowledge innovation within the network; (3) a core-periphery structure persists, although the number of provinces in the core is decreasing and correlations between the core and peripheral regions are increasing; and (4) the country's leading economic provinces and cultural centers continue to play a prominent role in the output of scientific innovation.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336249
  9. J Crit Care. 2025 Nov 12. pii: S0883-9441(25)00329-6. [Epub ahead of print]92 155342
    A comprehensive analysis of diversity in Türkiye's intensive care medicine: Leadership, workforce and authorship.
    Mehmet Yildirim, Burcin Halacli, Esat Kivanc Kaya, Irem Zehra Acar, Arda Ayten, Atilla Taşligedik, Arzu Topeli.
       BACKGROUND: Diversity in intensive care medicine (ICM) contributes to equity, team performance, and innovation. However, international data highlight persistent gender disparities in leadership, authorship, and specialty composition. While Türkiye appears to have balanced gender representation in critical care, a national analysis has been lacking.
    METHODS: This descriptive study evaluated gender and specialty diversity among ICM professionals in Türkiye across five domains: (1)national society leadership, (2)congress speaker rosters, (3)fellowship program directors, (4)ICM specialists, and (5)Türkiye-based PubMed-indexed ICM publications between 2015 and 2025. Data were collected from public records, institutional websites, and structured database searches.
    RESULTS: One of the two national societies demonstrated strong female leadership, with 55.6 % female presidents since 2005. Congress speaker data from 2004 to 2024 (n = 1567) showed increasing female representation (n = 635, 40.5 %), reaching near parity in recent years. Among 53 fellowship programs, 45.3 % of directors were female. ICM specialists (n = 571) had a near-equal gender distribution (50.6 % female). Anesthesiology was the dominant primary specialty (54.6 %) among ICM specialists. In ICM publications from Türkiye indexed in PubMed, women represented 41.6 % of all authors (n = 7073) across 1107 ICM publications, with 59.0 % led by a female first or last author.
    CONCLUSION: Türkiye shows encouraging trends in gender equity across clinical and academic ICM. These gains may reflect equitable public policies, gender-balanced specialty pipelines, and visible female role models. While challenges remain-particularly in senior authorship and society leadership-Türkiye's experience may offer valuable lessons for global equity in ICM. Further research should explore other dimensions, including race/ethnicity and socioeconomic background, which are underreported in current systems.
    Keywords:  Critical care; Equity and inclusion; Female leadership; Gender; Turkey; Woman
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2025.155342
  10. Nature. 2025 Nov 12.
    Influential list of highly cited researchers now shuts out more scientists: here's why.
    Nicola Jones.
      
    Keywords:  Authorship; Ethics; Publishing; Scientific community
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-03691-4
  11. JMA J. 2025 Oct 15. 8(4): 1476-1477
    Academic Productivity and Artificial Intelligence: Beyond Time Constraints.
    Shigeki Matsubara.
      
    Keywords:  artificial intelligence; motivation; paper; paper productivity; research
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.31662/jmaj.2025-0289
  12. Dev World Bioeth. 2025 Nov 14.
    What Retractions Tell Us About Research Integrity in Mexican Academia.
    Karina Ordoñez-Torres, Sergio Litewka, Elizabeth Heitman.
      Research integrity remains a challenge to public trust in science around the world. Retracted scientific papers can erode the public's trust by raising doubt about the reliability of the published literature. This paper assesses article retractions involving Mexican authors through analysis of relevant data and retraction patterns. The study examines 55 retracted articles with Mexican corresponding authors, categorizing them by publication venue, article type, scientific area, reasons for retraction, and time between publication and retraction. The findings underscore core challenges to research integrity in Mexico and the need to strengthen both research training and research integrity initiatives in Mexican research institutions. The paper concludes with recommendations for contextually relevant strategies for Mexican academia to foster research integrity.
    Keywords:  Mexico; research integrity; research misconduct; retractions
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.70011
  13. J Arthroplasty. 2025 Nov 06. pii: S0883-5403(25)01420-2. [Epub ahead of print]
    Spin is Prevalent in the Majority of Abstracts of Patello-Femoral Arthroplasty Studies.
    Cailan L Feingold, Eric H Lin, Brandon A Young, Pranit Kumaran, Andrew B Barcenas, Mallory A Podosin, Austin V Stone, Joseph N Liu.
       BACKGROUND: The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence and types of reporting biases in patello-femoral arthroplasty (PFA) studies.
    METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for the term "patello-femoral arthroplasty" using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles were included if they were (1) primary research articles, (2) investigating patello-femoral arthroplasties, (3) level of evidence (LOE) 1 to 3, (4) published after 2013, and (5) published in English in a peer-reviewed journal. Articles were excluded if they were systematic reviews or meta-analyses, case reports, not published in English, or if their full text was inaccessible. Abstracts were designated as "positive," "neutral," or "negative" outcomes based on whether they favored PFA. The included abstracts were assessed for the 13 most common types of spin. Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze the relationship between the different spin types and study characteristics. There were 37 articles that met the inclusion criteria; the articles were published between 2015 and 2024.
    RESULTS: Spin was identified in 22 (59.5%) studies, and nine (69.2%) spin types were identified at least once. Spin types three and 14 were identified most frequently in 10 (27.0%) studies each. The amount of spin in each abstract ranged from none to four spin types. There was no significant association between the presence of spin and journal, LOE, year of publication, funding, or impact factor (P > 0.05). Spin was significantly more likely in studies with "positive" outcomes (P = 0.005).
    CONCLUSION: Spin is present in more than 50% of abstracts on PFA studies in the last 10 years. Spin was more prevalent in studies with "positive" outcomes, favorable to PFA.
    Keywords:  Bias; Patello-femoral Arthroplasty; Spin
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2025.10.117
  14. BMJ Open. 2025 Nov 12. 15(11): e104955
    Undisclosed financial conflicts of interest among physician-authors in leading US psychiatry journals: a cross-sectional study.
    Francis Gesel, James Baraldi, Jessica Goldhirsh, Brian J Piper.
       OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and magnitude of undisclosed financial conflicts of interest (COIs) among physician-authors in high-impact US-based psychiatry journals.
    DESIGN: Cross-sectional study comparing the author self-reported disclosures to the journal(s) with payments mandatorily reported in the Open Payments database.
    METHODS: We examined original research articles published between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2022 in two prominent US-based psychiatry journals: the American Journal of Psychiatry (AJP) and Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry (JAMA-PSY). Of 2872 publications screened, 74 articles authored by 27 eligible US-based physician-authors met the inclusion criteria.
    OUTCOME MEASURES: Total payments received by authors within the 3 years prior to publication and the proportion of undisclosed payments. Additional analyses assessed payment types (research vs general), author demographics and study characteristics associated with undisclosed COIs.
    RESULTS: US$4.54 million was paid to authors in the two journals, of which US$645 135 (14.2%) were undisclosed. AJP authors received US$205 943 (7.5% of total payments) in undisclosed payments, while JAMA-PSY authors received US$439 192 (24.8%). Research payments constituted 82.3% of all undisclosed payments. Total undisclosed payments among the top 10 highest-earning authors accounted for 84.8% (AJP) and 99.6% (JAMA-PSY) of all undisclosed payments to journals. Nearly all undisclosed payments, 96.2%, were made to authors conducting randomised controlled trials.
    CONCLUSIONS: Substantial undisclosed financial COIs were identified among the top 10 earners in high-impact psychiatry journals. These findings highlight potential risks to research transparency and integrity. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of disclosure policies and develop mechanisms to mitigate COIs in psychiatric research.
    Keywords:  ETHICS (see Medical Ethics); PSYCHIATRY; Research Design
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2025-104955
  15. J Surg Res. 2025 Nov 07. pii: S0022-4804(25)00678-X. [Epub ahead of print]315 950-958
    The Landscape of U.S. Academic Surgery Departments in the Corporate Medicine Era: Federal and Industry Funding, Academic Output, and Corporate Medicine Revenue Analysis.
    Brianna L Foley, Emma M Sheridan, Collin E Dougherty, Chandrakanth Are, Joshua Mammen, Juan A Santamaria-Barria.
       INTRODUCTION: Academic surgery departments (ASDs) advance education, research, and patient care. Corporate revenue pressures raise concerns about academic productivity. We analyzed trends in funding, publications, clinical trials, and ASD-affiliated healthcare system revenue to assess potential corporate influence on academic missions.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected the top NIH-funded ASDs and sourced data from NIH RePORTER, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and CMS Open Payments Database. Healthcare system financial data were obtained from 501(c)(3) 990 IRS forms. Analysis covered 2008-2022, inflation-adjusted values. Trends were analyzed via linear regression. Geographic analyses covered U.S. census divisions.
    RESULTS: In 2023, the top 50 U.S. ASDs secured $620,924,661 in NIH funding through 1134 active projects, constituting 92% of all NIH surgery department funding ($674,284,863). The top funded NIH activity codes were R ($377,022,199; 61%), U ($137,773,898; 22%), and P ($64,600,920; 10%). Between 2008 and 2022, overall NIH funding increased by an average of $10,222,070 annually, as did research output (+2821 documents/year) and surgery-related clinical trials (133 trials/year). Industry research funding remained stable (+$12,337,829 annually); however, nonresearch industry payments increased (+$102,765,144 annually). Revenue for healthcare systems exceeded $1.33 trillion, with a positive margin of $76.65 billion. All systems saw revenue growth, (β = +$7.79 billion annually), except two with losses (β = +$453,771,582 annually). The East North Central and Middle Atlantic divisions exhibited the most significant increases in both NIH funding (+$3,221,371 and +$2,584,457 annually, respectively) and revenue (+$1.67 billion and +$2.13 billion annually, respectively).
    CONCLUSIONS: In the era of corporate medicine, major U.S. ASDs maintained NIH funding, research output, and revenue growth, particularly in the East North Central and Middle Atlantic divisions, with stable industry research funding and a rise in industry nonresearch payments.
    Keywords:  Academic surgery department; Corporate medicine; Healthcare system revenue; Industry payments; NIH funding; Research productivity
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2025.10.013
  16. Ann Glob Health. 2025 ;91(1): 78
    A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Speaker Representation: Intentionality meets Intersectionality in Academic Global Surgery.
    Brenda Feres, Eilene Basu, Anna Mary Jose, Rabbey Raza Khan, Abeba Aleka Kebede, Camila Sotomayor, Marina Reis, Kaela Blake, Jessica L Buicko Lopez, Tanaz Vaghaiwalla.
      Introduction: Despite increased advocacy, women and professionals from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remain underrepresented in global surgery. To address this, the Gender Equity Initiative in Global Surgery (GEIGS) launched an annual General Assembly (GA). This study evaluates trends in academic representation and leadership at the GA, emphasizing pathways to equitable mentorship, academic voice, and faculty development. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of GEIGS GA speakers from 2020 to 2025 was performed. Data from conference records and public sources included gender, country of practice, degree(s), leadership role, citation count, prior speaking experience, and topic area. Linear regression assessed trends in gender representation. Results: A total of 104 speakers were identified. Women comprised 83.7% (n = 87; p < 0.001). Leadership positions were held by 64.4% (n = 67). The most common degrees were MD (62.5%) and PhD (16.4%); 15.4% (n = 16) were medical students. Of the speakers, 60.6% (n = 63) practiced in high-income countries (HICs) and 39.4% (n = 41) in LMICs. Representation by women was consistent across regions: 84.1% in HICs and 82.9% in LMICs. Among LMIC speakers, 65.9% held leadership roles, 34.2% multiple degrees, and 68.3% prior speaking experience. No significant differences in academic qualifications were observed between HIC and LMIC speakers (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The GEIGS GA demonstrates that intentional, equity-focused planning can achieve high female participation and meaningful inclusion of LMIC professionals. These findings provide a practical framework for promoting equitable representation in global surgery conferences. Continued attention to supporting LMIC voices in leadership and academia may help sustain progress.
    Keywords:  LMICs; academic surgery; gender equity; global surgery
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.4972
This page is being maintained by Thomas Krichel. It was last updated on 2025‒11‒28 at 18:09.