bims-evares Biomed News
on Evaluation of research
Issue of 2022‒03‒06
37 papers selected by
Thomas Krichel
Open Library Society


  1. Front Psychol. 2022 ;13 801604
      This study used bibliometric data from Language Testing, a prestigious international peer-reviewed journal in the language testing field, to investigate research trends and development patterns in language testing. The bibliometric information included the number of publications, the most frequently researched test types and topics, the most cited publications and authors (as measured by references), the most prolific countries/regions and institutions and the most frequently collaborating countries/regions. The results showed that interest in language testing has increased over time and that regional tests and international tests have been major concerns, while classroom tests/assessments have received less attention. Research topics were wide-ranging and addressed almost all language testing related issues, among which validity/validation received the highest interest across periods. Moreover, the publications were produced by a wide range of countries/regions and institutions and included collaborative research spanning various institutions and regions, although collaborative publications across countries were relatively scarce. Based on the findings of this study, implications and suggestions have been highlighted for future research, academic agencies and this journal.
    Keywords:  bibliometric analysis; language testing; most cited publications and authors; most frequent collaborative countries/regions; most frequently discussed topics; most frequently researched test types; most prolific countries and institutes; research trends
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.801604
  2. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 ;9 779722
      Background: Enteropeptidase (EP) is a type II transmembrane serine protease and a physiological activator of trypsinogen. Extensive studies related to EP have been conducted to date. However, no bibliometric analysis has systematically investigated this theme. Our study aimed to visualize the current landscape and frontier trends of scientific achievements on EP, provide an overview of the past 120 years and insights for researchers and clinicians to facilitate future collaborative research and clinical intervention.Methods: Quantitative analysis of publications relating to EP from 1900 to 2020 was interpreted and graphed through the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection (limited to SCIE). Microsoft office 2019, GraphPad Prism 8, VOSviewer, and R-bibliometrix were used to conduct the bibliometric analysis.
    Results: From 1900 to 2020, a total of 1,034 publications were retrieved. The USA had the largest number of publications, making the greatest contribution to the topic (n = 260, 25.15%). Active collaborations between countries/regions were also enrolled. Grant and Hermontaylor were perhaps the most impactful researchers in the landscape of EP. Protein Expression and Purification and the Journal of Biological Chemistry were the most prevalent (79/1,034, 7.64%) and cited journals (n = 2,626), respectively. Using the top 15 citations and co-citations achievements clarified the theoretical basis of the EP research field. Important topics mainly include the structure of EP, the affective factors for activating substrates by EP, EP-related disorders, and inhibitors of EP.
    Conclusion: Based on the bibliometric analysis, we have gained a comprehensive analysis of the global status and research frontiers of studies investigating EP, which provides some guidance and reference for researchers and clinicians engaged in EP research.
    Keywords:  Web of Science; bibliometrics; enteropeptidase; research frontier; visualization
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.779722
  3. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 ;9 802651
      Background: Sarcopenia, an age-related degenerative disease, seriously affects the health and quality of life of the elder. The research of sarcopenia has changed dramatically around the world. This article aims to analyze global trends in this field over the past 20 years.Methods: "Sarcopenia" was used as the search term to retrieve relevant publications from the WOS and PubMed databases. Co-occurrence, literature coupling, co-citation, and co-author analysis were performed by using the software VOS viewer. We analyzed the trends of sarcopenia research over the last 20 years from different aspects, such as the number of papers, total citations, average citations per item, h-index, research area, article types, institutions, country, journals, and funding.
    Results: We retrieved 13,421 research articles published on sarcopenia between 2001 and 2020. The results showed that the USA made the highest contributions to this field. Geriatrics gerontology is the most study classification of sarcopenia. Basic research on sarcopenia in geriatric gerontology accounts for approximately 16.496% of global publications. The Osteoporosis International published the largest number of sarcopenia-related studies. The United States Department of Health Human Services was the leading funding organization, which sponsored 1,604 articles.
    Conclusion: Global sarcopenia research increased rapidly from 2001 to 2020, especially recently. The research leader of sarcopenia is the USA. In the future, the study of sarcopenia will continue to focus on aging, nutrition, and exercise and will delve deeper into molecular mechanisms. On the other hand, revealing the link between sarcopenia and other diseases will be the next research hotspot.
    Keywords:  PubMed; Web of Science; bibliometric analysis; publication; sarcopenia
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.802651
  4. Indian J Surg. 2022 Feb 24. 1-18
      There have been many major developments in the use of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) technologies in the context of global surgical research, yet few reports on the trends in this field have been published to date. This study was therefore designed to explore these worldwide trends in this clinically important field. Relevant studies published from 1 January 2009 through 13 October 2020 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) tool of the Web of Science database. Bibliometric techniques were then used to analyze the resultant data, with visual bibliographic coupling, co-authorship, co-citation, co-occurrence, and publication trend analyses subsequently being conducted with GraphPad Prism 8 and with the visualization of similarities (VOS) software tool. There is no patient and public involved. In total, 6221 relevant studies were incorporated into this analysis. At a high level, clear global annual increases in the number of publications in this field were observed. The USA made the greatest contributions to this field over the studied period, with the highest H-index value, the most citations, and the greatest total link strength for analyzed publications. The country with the highest number of average citations per publication was Scotland. The Surgical Endoscopy And Other Interventional Techniques journal contributed the greatest number of publications in this field. The University of London was the institution that produced the greatest volume of research in this field. Overall, studies could be broadly classified into five clusters: Neurological Research, Surgical Techniques, Technological Products, Rehabilitative Medicine, and Clinical Therapy. The trends detected in the present analysis suggest that the number of global publications pertaining to the use of AR, VR, and MR techniques in surgical research is likely to increase in the coming years. Particular attention should be paid to emerging trends in related fields including MR, extended reality, head-mounted displays, navigation, and holographic images.
    Keywords:  AR VR and MR; Bibliometrics; Research trends; Surgery; Visualized analysis
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-021-03243-w
  5. J Pain Res. 2022 ;15 561-575
      Background: Central sensitization refers to a state of hypersensitivity in the central nervous system and is associated with the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Central sensitization plays an essential role in various diseases. Nevertheless, there has been no bibliometric analysis before in this field. The purpose of this study was to provide critical themes and trends in the area of central sensitization, to build a network of knowledge, and to facilitate the future development of relevant basic and clinical research.Methods: Publications on central sensitization were extracted from the Science Citation Index-Expanded. We used R software to systematically analyze the countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords of the publications. Besides, conceptual structure, intellectual structure, and social structure were constructed.
    Results: A total of 4466 publications were included. Research in the field of central sensitization generally showed a steady upward trend. The three structural networks showed that the United States is the leading country in this field. Arendt-Nielsen L and Woolf CJ were the most productive and influential authors, respectively. "Pain" was the journal with the most studies. Most journals that published and cited articles about central sensitization were academically influential. Cluster analysis revealed that research in central sensitization contains three main conceptual clusters, and the themes of research evolve frequently. Current research focuses on the pathogenesis of central sensitization in neuropathic pain, the role of central sensitization in different diseases, and related clinical double-blind trials.
    Conclusion: Central sensitization received widespread attention. The United States led the way in academic activity. In this field, the current situation of cooperation and communication between different countries and institutions is positive. The present research hotspots were the pathogenesis of central sensitization in neuropathic pain, the role of central sensitization in different diseases, and related clinical double-blind trials.
    Keywords:  bibliometric analysis; central sensitization; co-citation; co-word; collaboration network; pain
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S348946
  6. J Orthop. 2022 Mar-Apr;30:30 30-35
      The Ilizarov method has become a widely recognised surgical technique. A bibliometric analysis of the 50 most-cited publications relating to the Ilizarov method was carried out. Cumulative number of citations was 4,918. Mean number of citations was 98. h-index was 50. Impact factor of these journals ranged from 0.5-5.082. Our study suggests that a highly cited and influential paper likely originated from an American journal with a high impact factor and was published in the 1990s/2000s. Our compilation of the 50 most influential papers on the Ilizarov method will prove invaluable to those in training and those involved in further advancing the technique.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; Citation; Distraction osteogenesis; Ilizarov method; Orthopedic surgery
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jor.2022.02.010
  7. Neurocrit Care. 2022 Mar 02.
      BACKGROUND: Twitter journal clubs are a modern way of highlighting articles published in a scientific journal. The Neurocritical Care journal (NCC) initiated a bimonthly, Twitter-based, online journal club in 2015 to increase the outreach of its published articles. We hypothesize that articles included in the Neurocritical Care Society Twitter Journal Club (NCSTJC) had greater engagement than other articles published during the same time period. We also investigated the relationship between number of citations and Altmetric score to assess whether the enhanced online activity resulted in higher citations.METHODS: We gathered data in August 2020 on engagement metrics (number of downloads, Altmetric score, relative citation ratio, and number of citations) of all articles published in NCC between 2015 and 2018. Articles were analyzed into two groups: one featured in NCSTJC and the rest that were not (non-NCSTJC1), and the other comprised those that were not in NCSTJC but published under a similar category of articles as NCSTJC (non-NCSTJC2). Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and summary measures were used to report the spread. The groups were compared by using the Wilcoxon rank sum test, given that the data were not normally distributed. Spearman's rank correlation was used to assess correlation between Altmetric score and citations for the articles in the NCSTJC and non-NCSTJC groups. For comparison, the top ten cited articles in NCC were analyzed for similar correlations.
    RESULTS: Between 2015 and 2018, NCC published 529 articles, 24 of which were included in the Twitter journal club. A total of 406 articles were published in the same category as the category of articles selected for NCSTJC. The articles discussed as a part of NCSTJC had a statistically significant trend toward a higher number of downloads, Altmetric score, relative citation ratio, and number of citations than rest of the articles published in the journal during the same time period and the rest of the articles published in same categories. Three NCSTJC articles were among the ten most-cited articles published by NCC between 2015 and 2018. We did not find a correlation between Altmetric scores and number of citations in the NCSTJC or non-NCSTJC1 or non-NCSTJC2 group, but there was a strong correlation between these two variables in high performing articles when the top ten cited articles were analyzed.
    CONCLUSIONS: Scientific journals are evolving their social media strategies in attempt to increase the outreach of their articles to the medical community. Platforms such as Twitter journal clubs can enhance such engagement. The long-term influence of such strategies on the impact factor of a medical journal and traditional engagement metrics, such as citations, calls for further research.
    Keywords:  Altmetric; Impact factor; Social media; Twitter; Twitter journal club
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-022-01458-7
  8. J Clin Monit Comput. 2022 Mar 02.
      PURPOSE: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IOMM) has been used worldwide in the attempt to reduce postsurgical neurological deficits, however, most of the publications are from developed countries. There is a global bibliometric analysis of IOMN in spinal surgery, however, the contribution of Latin America (LA) is not mentioned. The aim of this study is to describe scientific productivity, patterns of publications, and thematic trends of IONM in LA.METHODS: Data was collected using Scopus database, by searching scientific articles with LA affiliation, using 18 keywords. We excluded duplicates, not original articles, reviews, surveys, and articles not related to humans. Articles were analyzed and classified as follows: year of publication, language of the original document, journals metrics, country, IONM modality, etiology, location of surgery, medical specialties, and outcome. Descriptive statistics were used.
    RESULTS: We obtained 8,699 scientific articles of which 41 scientific articles from 7 LA countries were selected. Mexico has the highest number of publications. In most countries, supratentorial location showed the highest frequency. Somatosensory evoked potentials and electrocorticography were the most performed modalities. Neurosurgery was the most involved specialty of our 41 scientific articles, and 95.1% of these publications concluded that IONM is useful to guide surgical procedures.
    CONCLUSIONS: Mexico and Brazil have led IONM publications in LA. The lower reference in publications of visual evoked potentials and brainstem auditory evoked potentials IONM modalities, could be considered in the future to boost tailored research in LA.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; IONM; Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring; LA
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-022-00831-3
  9. Clin Spine Surg. 2022 Mar 03.
      STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective review.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of open access (OA) publication on citation rates and attention scores of literature related to lumbar spine surgery.
    SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: OA literature allows readers to view full-text manuscripts of research publications free of charge, however, OA publication is often associated with substantial fees for authors.
    METHODS: The Altmetric database was searched for articles related to lumbar spine surgery. Title, journal, publication date, Dimensions Citations, Mendeley Readers, Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), number of public mentions, and OA status were collected for each included article. The influence of OA status on Dimensions Citations, Mendeley Readers, and each individual component of the AAS was assessed. To control for journal influence, impact of OA on Dimensions Citations and AAS was separately assessed for each of the top 10 journals contributing the most mentioned articles. The top 25 most cited articles and top 25 articles by AAS were also characterized.
    RESULTS: A total of 5245 articles were included, of which 2063 were published with OA and 3182 were not. OA status was a significant, independent predictor of AAS and Mendeley Readers (both P<0.001), but not Dimensions Citations (P=0.422). OA status significantly predicted mentions in news stories (P=0.003), Twitter posts (P<0.001), Facebook posts (P<0.001), and Wikipedia citations (P=0.011). Of the top 10 contributing journals, OA status significantly predicted Dimensions Citations for European Spine Journal, Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, and Neurosurgery (P≤0.005) and predicted AAS for Spine, European Spine Journal, The Spine Journal, Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, and Neurosurgery (P≤0.017, all).
    DISCUSSION: OA status appeared to significantly impact public attention scores, but not citation rates, although these effects did vary based on the journal in which articles were published. Authors may want to consider OA publication based on their target audience and the goal of their research.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/BSD.0000000000001303
  10. J Hand Surg Am. 2022 Feb 24. pii: S0363-5023(22)00023-5. [Epub ahead of print]
      PURPOSE: Despite an overall trend towards gender parity, women continue to remain underrepresented in surgical fields. Until recently, women's representation in hand surgery literature was largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to examine how authorship gender trends among academic hand surgeons have evolved between 2006 and 2019.METHODS: Original research articles published from 2006 to 2019 in 3 leading clinical hand surgery journals were extracted from PubMed. Publications with a full author first name were analyzed, and the gender of each author was assigned with the validated Genderize algorithm. Analyses were performed to evaluate authorship publication trends, unique authors, and research career productivity.
    RESULTS: From 2006 to 2019, 4,769 articles met the inclusion criteria, and the genders of 17,102 authors were identified. There were 2,848 (16.6%) female authors and 14,254 (83.4%) male authors. The proportion of female authors increased from 13.4% to 19.9% from 2006 to 2019. Similarly, female representation as first and senior authors increased significantly, from 10.9% to 20.1% and 7.6% to 14.2%, respectively. Of the 8,417 unique authors, 1,775 (21.1%) were women and 6,642 (78.9%) were men. Only 3.3% of these unique female authors published 5 or more papers during the study period. Among the 10 most frequently published authors for each gender, 18 of the 20 authors were surgeons.
    CONCLUSIONS: There has been substantial progress toward gender parity in academic hand surgery over the last 14 years, and the proportion of women publishing in leadership positions has increased.
    CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Increased gender representation in medicine and research is important for both patients and providers, and these findings suggest that ongoing support and mentorship for women in academic careers should be a priority.
    Keywords:  Authorship; disparities; gender; hand surgery; trends
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2022.01.002
  11. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022 Mar 03. 34894221082735
      OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus illness (COVID-19) has been found to alter infected people's sense of smell and taste. However, the pathobiology of this virus is not yet known. Therefore, it is critical to investigate the influence of COVID-19 infection on olfactory and gustatory processes. Therefore, we use bibliometric analysis on COVID-19 and olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction publications to provide studies perspective.METHODS: A bibliometric literature search was performed in the Scopus database. The number and type of publications, countries for publications, institutional sources for publications, journals for publications, citation patterns, and funding agencies were analyzed using Microsoft Excel or VOSviewer. In addition, the VOSviewer 1.6.17 software was used to analyze and visualize hotspots and collaboration patterns between countries.
    RESULTS: Scopus has published 187 088 documents for COVID-19 in all study fields at the time of data collection (July 26, 2021). A total of 1740 documents related to olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction were recovered. The countries most relevant by the number of publications were the United States (n = 362, 20.80%), Italy (n = 255, 14.66%), and the United Kingdom (n = 173, 9.94%). By analyzing the terms in the titles and abstracts, we identified 2 clusters related to olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction research, which are "diagnosis and test methods" and "prognosis and complications of the disease."
    CONCLUSIONS: This is the first bibliometric analysis of publications related to COVID-19 and olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction. This study provides academics and researchers with useful information on the publishing patterns of the most influential publications on COVID-19 and olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction. Olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction as indices of suspicion for the empirical diagnosis of coronavirus infection is a new hotspot in this field.
    Keywords:  COVID-19; Scopus; bibliometric; gustatory; olfactory
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/00034894221082735
  12. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2022 May-Jun;7(3):7(3): 100891
      Purpose: Program directors consider scholarly output to be integral in matching applicants with radiation oncology residencies. However, applicants' research productivity can be quantified in several ways, and the results can be misleading for both applicants and program directors. We conducted a bibliometric analysis to quantify the research productivity of applicants who had successfully matched to radiation oncology residencies and to test for associations between research productivity and residency program rankings.Methods and Materials: We identified U.S. radiation oncology residency programs from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education website and sorted the findings into 4 tiers based on the programs' reputation and research output per Doximity's Residency Navigator. First-year (post-graduate year-2) radiation oncology residents starting in 2020 were identified on residency program websites. Residents' research productivity was estimated by identifying peer-reviewed research articles (published before the residency applications began) via PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for each resident. Bibliometric variables were analyzed for potential association with matching to higher-tier residencies.
    Results: We identified 187 first-year residents in 83 U.S. residency programs. The mean number of National Resident Matching Program publications (which was self-reported and included presentations and abstracts) was 18.3 per applicant; the mean (± standard deviation) peer-reviewed publications was 2.47 (±2.88) per resident. Multivariate analysis showed that number of first-author publications was associated with matching to a higher-tier program, based on the program's reputation (P = .019) and research output (P = .010); numbers of radiation oncology-specific publications (P = .039) and h-index (P = .024) correlated with matching to a higher-tier residency based on the program's research output.
    Conclusions: The number of first-author publications was significantly associated with matriculating into a higher-tier residency ranked by both reputation and research output. Significant correlations were also found for number of radiation oncology-specific publications and h-index. Applicants may find publishing meaningful radiation oncology articles, especially as first author, to be more valuable than meeting National Resident Matching Program numbers.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2021.100891
  13. Iran J Public Health. 2021 Nov;50(11): 2283-2291
      Background: This study enriched our understanding by systematically reviewing knowledge management twitter health (KMTH) articles extracted from Web of Science (WoS) using cartography analysis through VOSviewer-for the last 11 years.Methods: A total of 798 KMTH articles were found from 2009 to 2019, analyzed based on the most cooccurrence keywords of KMTH articles.
    Results: Three clusters emerged through cartography analysis; Cluster 1: Twitter as health education and health promotion platform; Cluster 2: Twitter as public health promotion platform and Cluster 3: Twitter as health sentiment platform through big data and machine learning.
    Conclusion: This study opened new avenues for all health care providers to utilize Twitter as a KM platform to promote health care. This is the first bibliometric analysis of KMTH publications according to our best knowledge.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; Health promotion; Knowledge management; Twitter
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i11.7584
  14. Clin Imaging. 2022 Feb 25. pii: S0899-7071(22)00049-3. [Epub ahead of print]85 43-47
      PURPOSE: To evaluate interventional radiology (IR) research over time based on the study type of published articles and the visibility of articles to non-radiology clinicians.METHODS: We performed a search of all PubMed-indexed literature from January 1, 1991, through November 11, 2020, for clinical IR articles classified by their study type, categorized as: 1) meta-analyses/systematic reviews/practice guidelines; 2) randomized controlled trials; 3) non-randomized controlled trials; and 4) longitudinal/observational studies. Clinical IR articles were defined as those that met keyword criteria constructed from Society of Interventional Radiology procedure guides. Data were also collected on medical specialty journal categories that published IR-related articles.
    RESULTS: When we examined the first vs. the last decade of our study period, the number of IR articles published increased across all study types: randomized controlled trials (374 to 2620; 601% change), longitudinal/observational studies (2324 to 12,447; 436%), meta-analyses/systematic reviews/practice guidelines (1179 to 6135; 420%), non-randomized controlled trials (471 to 2161; 359%). The journal categories with the highest mean percentage increase of IR articles across all study types were obstetrics and gynecology (659%), peripheral vascular disease (342%), and emergency medicine (221%). We found a decrease of IR articles published in surgery (-6.0%), pediatrics (-14%), and pulmonary (-21%) journals.
    CONCLUSION: The number of IR articles grew quickly and at a similar rate compared with all PubMed-indexed articles and increased as a proportion of articles published in non-imaging specialty journals. This indicates greater visibility of IR studies for all clinicians and is encouraging towards the advancement of IR techniques.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; Imaging journals; Impact factor; Interventional radiology; Publications
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2022.02.024
  15. Saudi Dent J. 2022 Feb;34(2): 107-113
      Objectives: The appraisal of research productivity is one of the key indicators to evaluate any area of knowledge. The current study aimed to analyze the Scopus-indexed publications on endodontics produced by Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region from 2000 to 2020.Methodology: The dataset was extracted in May 2021 from Elsevier's Scopus database. Two keywords ("endodontic" and "endodontics") were entered into the basic search with the Boolean operator of OR for a period of 20 years from 2000 to 2020.
    Results: Overall, the GCC region contributed 2.82% of the global endodontic research. This share has shown a remarkable increase between 2001 and 2020 from 0.82% to 7.20%. About 60% of documents' volumes were produced during the 2016-2020 period. Around 80% of research was produced by Saudi Arabia, while research articles produced by Kuwait gained the highest citation impact. Out of the ten productive institutions, nine belonged to Saudi Arabia and one was from Kuwait. The majority of research collaboration was conducted with the United States, but research articles produced in collaboration with Japan yielded the highest citation impact.
    Conclusion: The study highlighted various scientometric attributes of endodontic publications produced by GCC affiliated researchers. The ongoing growth of endodontic literature by GCC countries along with the increasing international collaboration is considered aspiring.
    Keywords:  Endodontic; Endodontics; Gulf cooperation council region; Research productivity; Scientometric
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2021.12.003
  16. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Feb 17. 23(2): 67
      BACKGROUND: In view of the key role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of aortic disease, we visually analyzed the research hotspots of inflammatory mechanism in aortic disease in this work through the method of bibliometrics from the Web of Science (WOS) Core database over the past three decades.METHODS: A visual bibliometric network of research articles on inflammatory mechanisms in aortic disease was obtained from VOSviewer and Citespace based on the WOS Core Collection.
    RESULTS: A total of 1278 documents from January 1990 to February 2021 were selected for analysis. The United States and China had the highest percentage of articles, comprising 34.01% and 24.92% of articles worldwide, respectively. Harvard University has published the most articles in this field, followed by the University of Michigan and Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The top 3 research hotspots were atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, and macrophages. The journal with the most articles in this area was Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, followed by Atherosclerosis and PLOS One. The research trend on inflammatory mechanisms in the aortic system has 5 distinct directions: (1) atherosclerosis, NF-κB, expression, smooth muscle cell, and oxidative stress; (2) coronary artery disease, C-reactive protein, risk factors, endothelial dysfunction, and aortic stenosis; (3) abdominal aortic aneurysm, matrix metalloproteinases, macrophage, and pathogenesis; (4) cholesterol, metabolism, low-density lipoprotein, gene expression, and a therosclerotic lesions; and (5) calcific aortic valve disease, interstitial cells, calcification, and stenosis.
    CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory mechanism research has shown a tendency to rise gradually in the aortic field. Numerous studies have explored the role of inflammatory responses in aortic disease, which may increase the risk of endothelial dysfunction (aortic fibrosis and stiffness) and induce plaque formation. Among them, NFκB activation, nitric-oxide synthase expression, and oxidative stress are particularly essential.
    Keywords:  aortic disease; inflammation; inflammatory response markers; research hotspots
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2302067
  17. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb 28.
      Resources are essential for human survival and development, and resource security occupies an important position in national security. With the increasing resource shortage problem, ecological stability is facing severe challenges. All countries are actively seeking new sustainable development ways to deal with various issues and shocks caused by the shortage of resources. This study aims to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the knowledge structure, research hotspots, and resource security evolution trends. Based on the number of 6391 articles retrieved from the Web of Science database from 1990 to 2021, this article carried out a visual analysis of global resource security research from the perspectives of scientific output characteristics, keywords, and highly cited literature scientific collaboration networks and hotspot emergence analysis. The research results show that after humans have experienced new public safety incidents, their understanding of resource security and sustainable development has risen to a new height. The number of relevant documents is increasing rapidly. At present, the research on resource security is still dominated by developed countries in Europe and America. This study finds that "food supply chain," "water availability," and "soil resources suitability" are the frontiers and hotspots in the field of resource security. Besides, "biodiversity," "mineral resource security," "medical and health resources" are important topics and directions of current research. This study provides a theoretical basis for scholars to explore the future research direction and practice of resource security, to achieve ecological stability and sustainable development.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; Environment; Medical and health resources; Resource security; Sustainable development; Visualization mapping
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19412-7
  18. Am J Pharm Educ. 2022 Mar 04. 8972
      Objective. To investigate the number of authors and unique institutions per paper published in the American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (AJPE) in 2015-2019, and to examine the number of authors and unique institutions for papers that were nominated for the Rufus A. Lyman Award in the same period.Methods. Articles published in AJPE from 2015 through 2019 were reviewed. Data collected for each article included article type, number of authors, and number of institutions.Results. Of the 811 articles published in AJPE during this period, the number of authors increased significantly from an average of 3.5 (1.8) to 4.5 (2.2). The number of unique institutions also increased significantly from 1.7 (1.1) to 2.4 (1.8).Conclusion. There is a trend toward a greater number of authors and unique institutions for the publications in one pharmacy education journal. Explanations for this trend may include pressure to publish, increased research complexity, and expanded interprofessional collaboration.
    Keywords:  AJPE; authorship; institutions; journals; publishing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe8972
  19. Med Ref Serv Q. 2022 Jan-Mar;41(1):41(1): 67-79
      How might one identify, via publicly accessible websites, research-active specialists at an academic medical center? As a case study, health-informatics specialists were identified at two academic medical centers: University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, and University of Maryland-Baltimore. Four types of data about researchers were sought: frequency of publication, frequency of citations, money from grants, and patents. Based on frequency of published articles, one center favored bioinformatics and cardiology, whereas the other produced more results in nursing and radiology. Interestingly, different patterns were found across different data sets. This bibliometric method contrasted with the method of searching for active researchers via a web portal showing board-certified specialists at a particular institution. This alternative approach was tried for informatics and sleep medicine, and the bibliometric method seemed to produce better recall and precision.
    Keywords:  Academic medical center; bibliometrics; grants; health informatics; patents
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2022.2021035
  20. Sci Prog. 2022 Jan-Mar;105(1):105(1): 368504211029777
      Machine Learning is an increasingly important technology dealing with the growing complexity of the digitalised world. Despite the fact, that we live in a 'Big data' world where, almost 'everything' is digitally stored, there are many real-world situations, where researchers are still faced with small data samples. The present bibliometric knowledge synthesis study aims to answer the research question 'What is the small data problem in machine learning and how it is solved?' The analysis a positive trend in the number of research publications and substantial growth of the research community, indicating that the research field is reaching maturity. Most productive countries are China, United States and United Kingdom. Despite notable international cooperation, the regional concentration of research literature production in economically more developed countries was observed. Thematic analysis identified four research themes. The themes are concerned with to dimension reduction in complex big data analysis, data augmentation techniques in deep learning, data mining and statistical learning on small datasets.
    Keywords:  Machine learning; bibliometrics; knowledge synthesis; small data sets
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504211029777
  21. Arthroplasty. 2020 Jul 24. 2(1): 20
      OBJECTIVE: As an alternative of knee-protection surgery, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has been widely used for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and has achieved good clinical results. However, reports on its data and trend are scanty. This article reviewed current status and trend in the research of UKA, and compared different regions, organizations and authors in terms of their contributions to the field.METHODS: The literature on UKA ranging from 2009 to 2019 was searched in the "Web of Science" database, and the search results were visually presented by using Excel and VOS-viewer software packages, and the status quo and development trends of relevant studies were analyzed.
    RESULTS: A total of 1264 articles on UKA were identified, of which 330 were the larger studies conducted in the United States. The institution that published most papers was Oxford University, with a total of 109 papers published. MURRAY DW was the largest contributor in this field. The National Institutes of Health was the largest funding agencies of the UKA. Studies could be divided into six clusters in terms of prosthesis design, follow-up investigation, OA etiology, hip-knee association, joint replacement registration, and computer navigation. "Computer-aided navigation" and "gait analysis" promise to be future hot spots in the field of UKA research.
    CONCLUSION: Global trend analysis suggests that UKA research is gradually deepening and the number of papers has been on the rise. The USA was the largest contributor to this field. More research effort should be directed to "Computer-aided navigation"and "gait analysis", which might be the popular topics in the UKA field in not very distant future.
    Keywords:  Bibliometrics; Joint replacement; Osteoarthritis; Research trends; UKA
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s42836-020-00039-3
  22. J Craniofac Surg. 2022 Feb 28.
      INTRODUCTION: Recent advances in craniofacial surgery have occurred in conjunction with a global proliferation of research. Although previous studies have examined geographic publication trends, little is known about these trends in the craniofacial literature.METHODS: All craniofacial articles published from 2000 to 2020 in 3 premier craniofacial surgery journals were evaluated in 5-year increments. Geographic origin, manuscript type, and authorship characteristics were collected. Changes in publication output, geographic origin, and content were analyzed.
    RESULTS: In total 3864 articles were analyzed, with the United States (U.S.) (33.46%) accounting for the majority, followed by Asia (27.04%), the Middle East (16.23%), and Europe (14.65%). The proportion of articles from the U.S. decreased significantly in the in the 20-year span (48.28% versus 33.53%, P < 0.001), whereas those originating from Asia and the Middle East increased significantly (18.62% versus 31.41% and 10.34% versus 15.66%, respectively, P < 0.001). After stratifying and selecting for regions with the greatest changes in publication output, the authors observed significant trends for the number of original investigations from 2000 to 2020 in the U.S. (Odds Ratio [OR] 1 versus 2.4, P < 0.001) and in Asia (OR 1 versus 1.8, P = 0.0052). Additionally, a significant trend in editorial/correspondence publications originating in the U.S. (OR 1 versus 0.74, P = 0.0102), Europe (OR 1 versus 0.38, P = 0.0186), and Asia (OR 1 versus 0.48, P = 0.0051) was observed.
    CONCLUSIONS: Despite rising craniofacial publications over the past 2 decades, there has been a diminishing proportion originating from the U.S.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000008597
  23. Biomimetics (Basel). 2022 Jan 24. pii: 21. [Epub ahead of print]7(1):
      With the development of the biomimicry approach, new and creative ideas have been established to solve problems in architectural design. In the designs based on this process, "nature" is used as a diverse data source for the transfer of these data to various processes, functions, materials, and structures. The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the development of biomimicry as an architectural approach, with a bibliometric review of research related to biomimicry and energy efficiency. Emphasis on the importance of the need for biomimicry in modern designs is another goal of this study. In this study, articles published in the Web of Science database (2010-2021) were analyzed. VOSviewer and SankeyMATIC software were used to represent the analysis results graphically. According to the results of this study, in addition to the inadequacy of biomimicry research, the need for further research became apparent. This review can serve as a reference for future studies to transfer natural phenomena to architecture in order to solve the problem of efficient energy consumption.
    Keywords:  architecture; bibliometric analysis; biomimicry; energy efficiency
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7010021
  24. Comput Biol Med. 2022 Feb 25. pii: S0010-4825(22)00122-6. [Epub ahead of print]144 105330
      To better understand the cause of sudden unexplained death, our group evaluated the scientific results of related studies in a global context. A systematic search of the Web of Science, PubMed and MEDLINE databases identified 2001 studies related to this field published from 1997 to 2020. The studies were analyzed using bibliometric methods, and statistical maps were drawn to explore research trends and research frontiers. Sudden cardiac death and sudden unexpected epilepsy death were the two major causes of sudden unexplained deaths. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics in the past 10 years, molecular autopsy has become an effective research method as well as a research hotspot for exploring the cause of sudden unexplained deaths. However, molecular autopsy is underutilized in the investigation of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Developing standardized guidelines for diagnostic strategies for the deceased and their families, expanding the screening of mutation spectrum of related diseases, studying the association between variants and diseases in complex genetic diseases, and improving variants interpretation guidelines and disease sequencing databases are future research directions.
    Keywords:  Bibliometrics; Cause of death; Forensic medicine; Molecular autopsy; Research trend; Sudden unexplained death
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105330
  25. Scientometrics. 2022 Feb 21. 1-15
      The paper describes a scheme for the comparative analysis of the sets of Pubmed publications. The proposed analysis is based on the comparison of the frequencies of occurrence of keywords-MeSH terms. The purpose of the analysis is to identify MeSH terms that characterize research areas specific to each group of articles, as well as to identify trends-topics on which the number of published works has changed significantly in recent years. The proposed approach was tested by comparing a set of medical publications and a group of articles in the field of personalized medicine. We analyzed about 700 thousand abstracts published in the period 2009-2021 and indexed them with MeSH terms. Topics with increasing research interest have been identified both in the field of medicine in general and specific to personalized medicine. Retrospective analysis of the keywords frequency of occurrence changes has shown the shift of the scientific priorities in this area over the past 10 years. The revealed patterns can be used to predict the relevance and significance of the scientific work direction in the horizon of 3-5 years. The proposed analysis can be scaled in the future for a larger number of groups of publications, as well as adjusted by introducing filters at the stage of sampling (scientific centers, journals, availability of full texts, etc.) or selecting a list of keywords (frequency threshold, use of qualifiers, category of generalizations).Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11192-022-04292-y.
    Keywords:  Automatic text analysis; MEDLINE; MeSH; Personalized medicine; Precision medicine; PubMed; Text-mining; Trends
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04292-y
  26. Environ Dev Sustain. 2022 Feb 21. 1-27
      With the increasing attention and awareness of the ecological environment, ecotourism is becoming ever more popular, but it still brings problems and challenges to the sustainable development of the environment. To solve such challenges, it is necessary to review literature in the field of ecotourism and determine the key research issues and future research directions. This paper uses scientometrics implemented by CiteSpace to conduct an in-depth systematic review of research and development in the field of ecotourism. Two bibliographic datasets were obtained from the Web of Science, including a core dataset and an expanded dataset, containing articles published between 2003 and 2021. Our research shows that ecotourism has been developing rapidly in recent years. The research field of ecotourism spans many disciplines and is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject. According to the research results, the evolution of ecotourism can be roughly divided into three phases: human disturbance, ecosystem services and sustainable development. It could be concluded that it has entered the third stage of Shneider's four-stage theory of scientific discipline. The research not only identifies the main clusters and their advance in ecotourism research based on high impact citations and research frontier formed by citations, but also presents readers with new insights through intuitive visual images.Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10668-022-02190-0.
    Keywords:  CiteSpace; Ecotourism; Research trends; Scientometrics; Sustainable development; Web of Science
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02190-0
  27. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 Feb 23. pii: S1198-743X(22)00095-7. [Epub ahead of print]
      OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess whether there is an association between the proportion of women editors-in-chief and members of editorial boards in infectious disease (ID) and microbiology journals.METHODS: Our cross-sectional observational study included ID or microbiology journals according to the 2019 Clarivate Journal Citation Reports. Journals' Q ranking, open-access status, number and gender of editors-in-chief and editorial board members were collected from the journals' official websites. We conducted binary gender assignment for each editor using names, pictures, and other online descriptors. Journals with over 100 editorial board members and those with over 25% of board members for which we could not determine the gender, were excluded. Editorial teams with > 50% women were considered women dominant. Univariate and multivariable analyses for women editor dominance were performed.
    RESULTS: Overall, 167 journals were included, with total 6057 editorial members, 1655 (28%) women. Of 214 editors-in-chief, 48 (22%) were women, and only 25% (40/162) of journals had women dominant editor-in-chief personnel. Factors associates with women editor-in-chief dominance in univariate analysis were higher quartile rank, higher impact factor, and open access. Open access journals remined significant in multivariable analysis (odds ratio [OR] 2.521, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.140-5.576, p=0.022). Larger editorial boards were less likely to have women dominance. Women editor-in-chief dominance was significantly associated with women-dominant editorial board.
    CONCLUSIONS: ID and microbiology journals have significantly few women editors-in-chief and editorial board members. Understanding the reasons for this inequality is required as an important step to confront and resolve it.
    Keywords:  Editorial board; Genderequality
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02.021
  28. Medwave. 2021 Oct 26. 21(9): e8481
      Objective: To determine the scientific production of doctoral graduates in Peru.Methods: We made a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative analysis approach of the scientific production of doctoral graduates in all areas of science registered in the National Council of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation of Peru.
    Results: We analyzed the scientific production of 942 doctoral graduates with a median time since the graduation of 84 months (interquartile range: 36 to 132). In total, 532 (56.48%) had published an article in their lifetime. The median of published articles was four (interquartile range: 2 to 12), and the median H-index of the doctoral graduates who had published was two (interquartile range: 1 to 5). We found that the number of publications and H-index was statistically different according to the doctorate area of science (p < 0.05 for both). Natural Sciences (69.13%), Engineering (67.47%), and Health Sciences (67.08%) had the highest proportion of doctoral graduates with at least one publication. Regarding gender and university of origin (foreign or Peruvian), it was found a difference concerning the number of articles published and the H-index (p < 0.05 for both) being that male and doctoral graduates with a foreign doctoral degree had higher scientific production.
    Conclusions: Only six out of 10 Peruvian doctoral graduates have published at some point in their life. The areas of science with the highest production by doctoral graduates were Natural Sciences, Engineering, and Health Sciences. There is higher scientific production in males and graduates from a foreign university.
    Keywords:   Education; Graduate; Peru; Research; Publications
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2021.09.2119
  29. Indian J Anaesth. 2021 Dec;65(12): 868-873
      Background and Aims: Altmetrics represent the attention of an article drawn from social and mainstream media. The aim of this survey was to investigate the views of editors of high-impact journals on the Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), the number derived from an automated algorithm including a weighted count of mainstream news and social media sources.Methods: A questionnaire related to the AAS was sent to the editors of high-impact journals, namely Anaesthesia, Critical Care Medicine (CCM) and Pain Medicine (PM). Eleven questions were related to the possible benefits and flaws of Altmetrics.
    Results: Of the 1,381 editors asked, 126 answered. The overall answers showed that 76% of the editors were familiar with Altmetrics, 28% knew how AAS is calculated, 12% believed that AAS should replace traditional bibliometrics, 34% favoured AAS for journal ranking, 40% believed that AAS should be used to assess an article, 44% felt that AAS should be included in researchers' curriculum vitae and 22% felt that it should be considered for grants. Sixty-two percent of editors believed that AAS is vulnerable to manipulations, 60% proposed improvement and 16% abandonment. Positive answers were similar across the fields, except for journal ranking. Fifty-four percent of editors of the CCM journals favoured journal ranking using AAS versus 28% and 26% editors of anaesthesia and PM journals (P = 0.025 and P = 0.006, respectively).
    Conclusion: A high percentage of editors believed that AAS should be used to assess scholarly output and that it should be included in the researchers' curriculum vitae. Sixty percent of responders supported the improvement of AAS.
    Keywords:  Altmetrics; anaesthesia; bibliometrics; intensive care medicine; journals; pain medicine
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.4103/ija.ija_694_21
  30. Front Pediatr. 2022 ;10 829119
      Sepsis continues to be one of the leading causes of admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, representing a great challenge for researchers and healthcare staff. This mini review aims to assess research on pediatric sepsis over the years. Of the 2,698 articles retrieved from the Scopus database, the 100 most cited were selected (50 published since 2000 and 50 published since 2016). The most cited studies, published in the 21st century, are highlighted, with their main findings and perspectives.
    Keywords:  bibliometrics; pediatric intensive care; pediatrics; sepsis; septic shock
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.829119
  31. PLoS One. 2022 ;17(3): e0255334
      Pressures to publish, perverse incentives, financial interest and gender are amongst the most commonly discussed risk factors for scientific misconduct. However, evidence of their association with actual data fabrication and falsification is inconclusive. A recent case-controlled analysis of articles containing problematic image duplications suggested that country of affiliation of first and last authors is a significant predictor of scientific misconduct. The same analysis found null or negative associations with individual proxies of publication rate, impact and gender. The latter findings, in line with previous evidence, failed to support common hypotheses about the prevalence and causes of misconduct, but country-level effects may have confounded these results. Here we extend and complete previous results by comparing, via matched-controls analysis, articles from authors in the same country. We found that evidence for individual-level risk factors may be significant in some countries, and null or opposite in others. In particular, in countries where publications are rewarded with cash incentives, and especially China, the risk of problematic image duplication was higher for more productive, more frequently cited, earlier-career researchers working in lower-ranking institutions, in accordance with a "misaligned incentives" explanation for scientific misconduct. However, a null or opposite pattern was observed in all other countries, and especially the USA, UK and Canada, countries where concerns for misaligned incentives are commonly expressed. In line with previous results, we failed to observe a statistically significant association with industry funding and with gender. This is the first direct evidence of a link between publication performance and risk of misconduct and between university ranking and risk of misconduct. Commonly hypothesised individual risk factors for scientific misconduct, including career status and productivity, might be relevant in countries where cash-reward policies generate perverse incentives. In most scientifically active countries, however, where other incentives systems are in place, these patterns are not observed, and other risk factors might be more relevant. Policies to prevent and correct scientific misconduct may need to be tailored to a countries' or institutions' specific context.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255334
  32. Am J Ophthalmol. 2022 Feb 25. pii: S0002-9394(22)00075-7. [Epub ahead of print]
      PURPOSE: To investigate the gender gap in first/last authors in vision science and whether gender affects manuscript review times.DESIGN: Observational retrospective database study.
    METHODS: First/last author's gender and country were assigned to 30438 PubMed records (data derived from Q1-Q2 'Ophthalmology' journals for 2016-2020). Using mixed models, the influence of First Author Female (FAF) and Last Author Female (LAF) were evaluated on the manuscripts' review timeline. This analysis was performed globally and in predefined subgroups (English names, Asian names, specific topics). Additionally, the gender GAP was explored by country, journal and research topics.
    RESULTS: The percentages of FAF/LAF were unevenly distributed by country; in the top 30 ophthalmology journals FAF accounted for 40.0±6.7% of the publications while LAF accounted for 27.1±4.9%. Overall, FAF/LAF papers underwent significantly longer times to be reviewed (up to +10 days) and accepted (+5 days). These differences persisted when only English names -easily recognizable worldwide- were considered, but not for Asian names. Delays >1 month to get published were found for FAF in 3 of 4 topics analyzed (e.g. amblyopia).
    CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences were found in both review and acceptance times for FAF or LAF papers. The causes for this are likely multifactorial and could be explained by a combination of gender bias and by women's concerns with being held to higher standards, something that has been previously documented, thereby perhaps delaying the rebuttal to reviewers. Increased awareness of this source of potential bias may assist in the implementation of preventive and corrective measures.
    Keywords:  Authorship; Female; Publishing; Research; Sex factors
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2022.02.017
  33. Bull Cancer. 2022 Feb 25. pii: S0007-4551(22)00041-8. [Epub ahead of print]
      INTRODUCTION: The French medical residency system requires the completion and subsequent defense of a thesis. Only a minority of this work is eventually published in an peer-reviewed journal. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the publication rate and associated patterns among residents appointed to the medical oncology specialty in France in order to identify ways of improving their educational framework and to promote the dissemination of their results. The secondary objective was to describe the characteristics associated with a publication in a high impact journal.METHODOLOGY: Medical students who obtained a medical oncology appointment in France between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively identified. Records of medical theses listed in the SUDOC University Documentation System catalog were used and cross-referenced with a Medline search.
    RESULTS: Of the one hundred and eighty-five students included in the analysis, a publication indexed in Medline was found for 55 of them (29.7%). The average impact-factor was 5.71. The main factor independently associated with publication was a delay of ≤5 years between appointment and thesis defense dates. Among the published works, the time between appointment and defense, language of publication, study design, number of centers and patients included, and the fact that the thesis reported a clinical trial, were associated with publication in a journal with a high impact factor.
    CONCLUSION: These results show an approximative thesis work publication rate of 70% by medical oncology residents, and suggest the importance of starting the thesis project early during the residency in order to be published.
    Keywords:  Internat; Medical Oncology; Medical studies; Medical thesis; Oncologie médicale; Publication; Residency; Thèse; Étude de médecine
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.01.009
  34. JMA J. 2022 Jan 17. 5(1): 93-98
    Japan Pediatric Society Steering Committee for Board Examinations
      Introduction: Scholarship is an essential component of postgraduate education. This study's objective was to investigate the effect of a new reform requiring research publication experience before taking the pediatric board examination to promote scholarly activities among pediatric residents in Japan.Methods: We conducted an experimental study from 2015 to 2018 to investigate the effectiveness of this reform for promoting scholarly activities among Japanese pediatric residents.
    Results: Of all 2524 participants, the number of examinees before and after the reform was 1580 and 944, respectively. The yearly number of the residents' presentations and publications during their residency was 1.2 (SD 0.9) and 0.06 (SD 0.16), respectively, before the reform and 1.3 (SD 1.0) and 0.21 (SD 0.18), respectively, after the reform. Multiple regression showed the post-reform examinees (β = 0.37, p < 0.01) and the number of research presentations (β = 0.28, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with the number of research publications during the residency. While no contributive variables were found in the institution types, residents in the Kyushu and Okinawa area (i.e., southern island area in Japan) published fewer articles than those in the Tokyo area (β = -0.05, p = 0.03).
    Conclusions: The newly implemented policy requiring residents to publish research articles as a board examination prerequisite effectively promotes research activities among pediatric residents.
    Keywords:  Scholarly activity; board examination; pediatric residency; publication
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.31662/jmaj.2021-0149
  35. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Mar 08. 119(10): e2119373119
      SignificanceContemporary social sciences aim to be diverse and inclusive, but traces of the historical dominance of Western European and North American academic institutions persist in scientific practices. One such practice is the phrasing of article titles. Our analysis shows that articles studying the global North are systematically less likely to mention the name of the country they study in their title compared to articles on the global South. This constitutes, potentially, an unwarranted claim on universality and may lead to lesser recognition of global South studies. Social and behavioral scientists must reflect on the phrasing of their article titles to avoid reproducing harmful relations of intellectual domination which limit inclusivity and constitute a barrier to the generalizability of scientific knowledge.
    Keywords:  Eurocentrism; global inequalities; knowledge production
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2119373119