bims-evares Biomed News
on Evaluation of research
Issue of 2021–09–26
thirty-six papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society
  1. Mapping theme trends and recognizing research hot spots in the use of ultrasound in orthopaedics: a bibliometric analysis of global research.
  2. Bibliometric analysis of the keratoconus literature.
  3. Trends, gaps, and future directions of research in cervical remodeling during pregnancy: a bibliometric analysis.
  4. Global trends and performances of Mediterranean diet: A bibliometric analysis in CiteSpace.
  5. Top 100 cited articles on hemodialysis: A bibliometric analysis.
  6. Stroke-associated pneumonia: A bibliometric analysis of worldwide trends from 2003 to 2020.
  7. Altmetric Analysis of Skin of Color Articles: A Cross-Sectional Study.
  8. Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Neuropathic Pain Associated With Depression or Anxiety Published From 2000 to 2020.
  9. The 100 Most Cited Papers in Radiotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Cancer: 1990-2020.
  10. Collaboration on evidence synthesis in Africa: a network study of growing research capacity.
  11. Women's representation in emergency medicine journals across two decades: 2000-2019.
  12. Substandard and falsified medical products: bibliometric analysis and mapping of scientific research.
  13. Projection of E-Learning in Higher Education: A Study of Its Scientific Production in Web of Science.
  14. A Bibliometric Analysis of 8,276 Publications During the Past 25 Years on Cholangiocarcinoma by Machine Learning.
  15. The 100,000 most influential scientists rank: the underrepresentation of Brazilian women in academia.
  16. Gendered Citation Practices in the Field of Communication.
  17. Scientific Mapping of Gamification in Web of Science.
  18. A 10-year (2010 to 2019) scientometric analysis of prosthodontic journals based on SCImago Journal and Country Rank indicators.
  19. Time to publish? Turnaround times, acceptance rates, and impact factors of journals in fisheries science.
  20. Medical Leadership: Experiences in the Use of Shared and Parental Leadership to Improve Academic Performance in the Management of a National Plastic Surgery Unit in China.
  21. Mapping the landscape of Consumer Food Waste.
  22. Letter to the Editor: A new phenomenon in medical publishing: The autonomous citation.
  23. German Medical Data Sciences in Studies in Health Technology and Informatics - Reflections on the Fifth Volume.
  24. Treatment Trends of Adult Brachial Plexus Injury: A Bibliometric Analysis.
  25. The Rise, Demise, and Reprise of the Increasingly Protracted APA Journal Article?
  26. Bibliometric analysis of research reports: IMSS Southern Research Forum.
  27. Trends in Leadership at Shoulder and Elbow Fellowships: A Cross-Sectional Demographic Review.
  28. The Primary Care Research Landscape and its Relationship with Clinical Practice: A Scientometric Analysis.
  29. Correction to Burghardt (2021).
  30. Four challenges when conducting bibliometric reviews and how to deal with them.
  31. Twenty years of gender equality research: A scoping review based on a new semantic indicatorr.
  32. Evaluation of reporting quality of randomized controlled trials in patients with COVID-19 using the CONSORT statement.
  33. Systematic Mapping Study of AI/Machine Learning in Healthcare and Future Directions.
  34. The Impact of Fellowship Training in Academic Plastic Surgery.
  35. A Survey-Weighted Analytic Hierarchy Process to Quantify Authorship.
  36. Gender inequities in the online dissemination of scholars' work.
  1. Am J Transl Res. 2021 ;13(8): 9892-9911
    Mapping theme trends and recognizing research hot spots in the use of ultrasound in orthopaedics: a bibliometric analysis of global research.
    Sheng Wang, Kaiwen Wu, Zhentao Zhang, Zhuoran Xu, Jianghong Wu, Shuogui Xu.
       BACKGROUND: In the past decade, ultrasound has been increasingly used in the field of orthopaedics. The purpose of this study is to inspire future research in this field by analyzing the publications relating to ultrasound research in orthopaedics.
    METHODS: All relevant articles published between 2009 and 2020 were retrieved from Web of Science. Statistical Package for Social Science and GraphPad Prism 8 software were used to generate and analyse diagrams. VOSviewer software and CiteSpace were employed to visualize the research trends based on co-occurring keywords. Finally, we obtained information about relevant clinical randomized controlled trials (http://clinicaltrials.gov.com/).
    RESULTS: The United States had the most publications in this field and the most citations and the highest H-index. Furthermore, Skeletal Radiology published the most papers related to the use of ultrasound in orthopaedics, Ozcakar L published the most papers, and a study by Kwon, YM had the highest citation frequency. The keywords "MRI", "complication", "female" and "male" were identified as being indicative of emerging topics.
    CONCLUSIONS: While the contribution of United States to publications in this field has been substantial, the future contributions of China cannot be ignored. Moreover, it is hypothesized that diagnostic and epidemiological aspects may become hotspots.
    Keywords:  Ultrasound; bibliometrics; citation frequency; orthopaedics; publications
  2. Clin Exp Optom. 2021 Sep 21. 1-6
    Bibliometric analysis of the keratoconus literature.
    Nathan Efron, Philip B Morgan, Lyndon W Jones, Jason J Nichols.
       CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinicians, researchers funding agencies and indeed the general public can benefit from knowledge of the most highly cited papers and most impactful authors, institutions, countries and journals in the field of keratoconus.
    BACKGROUND: Bibliometrics relating to the keratoconus literature were derived to enable identification of the most impactful papers published, as well as the leading authors, institutions, countries and journals.
    METHODS: A search was undertaken of the titles of papers on the Scopus database to identify keratoconus-related articles. The 20 most highly cited papers were determined from the total list of 4,419 papers found. Rank-order lists by count were assembled for the 'top 20' in each of four categories: authors, institutions, countries and journals. A subject-specific keratoconus-related h-index (hKC-index) was derived for each constituent of each category to serve as a measure of impact in the field. The top 10 constituents of each category were ranked by hKC-index and tabulated for consideration.
    RESULTS: The hKC-index of the keratoconus field is 125. The 4,419 papers have been cited a total of 98,010 times, and 18.5% of these papers have never been cited. The most highly cited paper is a general review of keratoconus by Yaron Rabinowitz, who is also the most impactful author in the field (hKC = 31). The Cedars Sinai Medical Center in the United States produces the most impactful keratoconus-related papers (hKC = 36), and the United States is the most impactful country (hKC = 91). The Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery is the most impactful journal (hKC = 55).
    CONCLUSION: Keratoconus is a topic of high interest in the clinical and scientific literature. Highly cited papers and impactful authors, institutions, countries and journals are identified.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; Publication metrics; citations; impact; keratoconus
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2021.1973866
  3. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021 Sep 22. 1-9
    Trends, gaps, and future directions of research in cervical remodeling during pregnancy: a bibliometric analysis.
    Ourlad Alzeus G Tantengco, Joy Y Vink, Ramkumar Menon.
       PURPOSE: The cervix undergoes a dynamic remodeling process throughout pregnancy. Appropriate timing of cervical remodeling is essential in maintaining the fetus inside the uterus and ensuring cervical dilatation for safe delivery of the fetus at term. This study aims to determine the characteristics and trends of published articles in the field of cervical remodeling during pregnancy through a bibliometric analysis.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of the literature on cervical remodeling during pregnancy was performed on using the Scopus database from inception to 2020. The following information was obtained for each article: authors, year of publication, title, journal, institution, country, title, keywords, citation frequency, and relative citation ratio. The visualization of collaboration networks of countries and keywords related to cervical remodeling during pregnancy was conducted using VOSviewer software.
    RESULTS: A total of 1979 bibliographic records were obtained from Scopus database. The number of publications increased in the 1980s and peaked in 2010. A total of 80 countries produced research in cervical remodeling during pregnancy. The USA contributed the greatest number of publications (n= 541), total citations (n= 11,971), and number of international collaborations (n= 28 countries). The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology are the top three contributors in this field in terms of number of publications and total citations. The Karolinska Institutet produced the greatest number of publications while UT Southwestern Medical Center was the most cited institution in this field. The topics of the top cited articles were studies regarding the role of collagen degradation in cervical remodeling during pregnancy; dynamics, anatomy, and physiology of cervical remodeling; and the use of misoprostol for cervical ripening and labor induction.
    CONCLUSIONS: Our bibliometric analysis shows the trends and development, scientific impact, and collaboration in the field of cervical remodeling research. These results show the important discoveries in the past and provided new avenues for scientific and clinical investigations in the field.
    Keywords:  Bibliometrics; cervical ripening; cervix; citation analysis; obstetrics; relative citation ratio
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2021.1974387
  4. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Sep 24. 100(38): e27175
    Global trends and performances of Mediterranean diet: A bibliometric analysis in CiteSpace.
    Ciming Pan, Nan Jiang, Beiling Cao, Changwu Dong.
       BACKGROUND: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is an ancient eating habit that is believed to contribute to a healthy lifestyle. Unsurprisingly, research on the MD is growing rapidly as people pay more attention to health preservation and prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of chronic diseases. Previous reviews focused more on the effects of MD on a particular disease which has enhanced its significance in the medicine field. However, few studies have attempted to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis of this topic. This study evaluates the global research trends of scientific outputs related to MD from multiple perspectives, using a bibliometric analysis and visualization tool (CiteSpace software) to scientifically analyze the knowledge from the literature.
    METHODS: The core collection database of Web of Science was used to retrieve the bibliographic records related to MD from 1984 to March 30, 2021. CiteSpace was used to generate and analyze visual representations of the complex data input, including number of publications, research performances in journals, authors, institutions, countries and co-occurrence networks of keywords and co-citation references.
    RESULTS: Overall, the number of MD publications has shown a significant upward trend since 2012. Nutrients and American Journal of Clinical Nutrition contained the most articles related to MD, indicating that they were important platforms for related research. Martinez-gonzalez Ma and Estruch Ramon are the authors with the highest number of publications related to MD, and it is noteworthy that these 2 authors have close cooperation in this field. The countries with the most publications are Spain and the United States, and the institutions with the most publications are Univ Navarra, Inst Salud Carlos III. The main research disciplines are "Mediterranean diet," "risk," "cardiovascular disease," "adherence," "obesity," "coronary heart disease," "diet," "health," "physical activity" and "risk factor". Estruch R's 2013 study on cerebrovascular disease and Tricopoulou A's 2003 mortality study were cited 881 cases for 437 times, respectively, showing the importance of these 2 articles in this field.
    CONCLUSION: The current global trends of MD research as well as people's increasing awareness of healthcare and healthy lifestyle imply that MD research is expected to become increasingly popular with further breakthroughs.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027175
  5. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Sep 24. 100(38): e27237
    Top 100 cited articles on hemodialysis: A bibliometric analysis.
    Yoo Jin Lee, Chang Min Heo, Sihyung Park, Yang Wook Kim, Jin Han Park, Il Hwan Kim, Junghae Ko, Bong Soo Park.
       INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to better understand hemodialysis by reviewing the most-cited articles related to it.
    METHODS: We searched articles on the Web of Science and selected the 100 most frequently cited articles. Subsequently, we reviewed these articles and identified their characteristics.
    RESULTS: The 100 most frequently cited articles were published in 21 journals. The majority of these papers were published in the following journals: Kidney International (26 articles), New England Journal of Medicine (18 articles), Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (14 articles), and the American Journal of Kidney Disease (13 articles). The 100 most-cited articles were published in 25 countries. The United States of America was the country with the highest number of publications (65 articles). The University of Michigan was the institution with the highest number of articles (14 articles). FK Port was the author with the largest number of publications (13 articles).
    CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study in the field of nephrology that provides a list of the 100 most-cited articles on hemodialysis. Through this study, clinicians will be able to recognize major academic interests and research trends in hemodialysis.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027237
  6. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Sep 24. 100(38): e27321
    Stroke-associated pneumonia: A bibliometric analysis of worldwide trends from 2003 to 2020.
    Yuanyuan Chen, Hongyan Yang, Hui Wei, Yanqin Chen, Meijuan Lan.
       ABSTRACT: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a spectrum of pulmonary infections in patients within 7 days of stroke. Which is one of the most common complications after stroke and is significantly associated with a poor prognosis of stroke. To the best of our knowledge, a bibliometric method was not previously used to analyze the topic of SAP; we aim to describe the situation and evolution of SAP from 2003 to 2020, and to discuss the research hotspots and frontiers.A total of 151 articles were retrieved from the Scopus database. Bibliometric analysis was used to explore the dynamic trends of articles and the top subject areas, journals, institutes, citations, and co-keywords. VOS viewer software (version 1.6.15) was used to graphically map the hot topics of SAP based on the co-keywords.A total of 151 articles were identified. Articles have increased over the recent years and faster in the last 2 years (55 articles, 36.4%), the majority of subject areas are medicine (124 articles, 82.1%) and neuroscience (38 articles, 25.2%). The "Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases" with 15 articles has been scored as the first rank followed by "Plos One." Regarding the geographical distribution of articles, China is the most productive country with 50 articles (33.1%), others are more prominent in Europe, and most institutes are universities. Citations have increased over time, the main country of the top five highly cited published articles are Germany and before 2008. The co-keywords are mainly divided into four aspects: risk factors, predictive scores, preventions, and outcomes.This study could provide practical sources for researchers to find the top subject areas, journals, institutes, citations, and co-keywords. Moreover, the study could pave the way for researchers to be engaged in studies potentially lead to more articles in this field.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027321
  7. J Cutan Med Surg. 2021 Sep 20. 12034754211045387
    Altmetric Analysis of Skin of Color Articles: A Cross-Sectional Study.
    Michelle J Chang, Shari R Lipner.
       BACKGROUND: Publication and dissemination of peer-reviewed articles are essential for delivering up-to-date high-quality care to diverse populations. Online attention and publication trends for skin of color (SOC) articles have not been studied.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate SOC article online attention and publication trends.
    METHODS: Terms "skin of colo(u)r", "ethnic skin", "dark skin", and "darker skin" were searched on Altmetric. Abstracts were reviewed to exclude non-SOC articles. Altmetric attention score (AAS), media outlets, citations, page views, and journal impact factor were extracted.
    RESULTS: A total of 425 articles, published in 114 journals, were included, with average AAS 13 (0-423), citations 42 (0-1214) and page views 2728 (7-15000). There was a 7.8-fold increase in the number of SOC articles published in the first-half (1993-2006) vs. second-half (2007-2021) of the study period. The number of SOC articles increased by 57%, 2011-2015 to 2016-2020. AAS was significantly correlated with citations (R = .21), page views (R = .23) and impact factor (R = .35) (P < .05 for all). The top 50 AAS articles had an average AAS 83 (21-423), with 35 (70%) published in the last 5 years (2016-2021) and 47 (94%) published in the second-half of the study period. Top four AAS articles focused on SOC representation in educational resources.
    CONCLUSION: It is promising that increased numbers of SOC articles have been published in recent years and are garnering more attention, however they are less popular than other dermatology articles. Increased efforts are needed to study and publish on skin diseases in diverse populations to build knowledge and practices that improve patient care.
    Keywords:  altmetric; dermatology; educational resources; peer-reviewed articles; skin of color; social media
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/12034754211045387
  8. Front Hum Neurosci. 2021 ;15 729587
    Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Neuropathic Pain Associated With Depression or Anxiety Published From 2000 to 2020.
    Kai-Li-Mi Li, Yu-Meng Chen, Xue-Qiang Wang, Hao-Yu Hu.
      Objective: Neuropathic pain (NP) associated with depression or anxiety is highly prevalent in clinical practice. Publications about NP associated with depression or anxiety increased exponentially from 2000 to 2020. However, studies that applied the bibliometric method in analyzing global scientific research about NP associated with depression or anxiety are rare. This work used the bibliometric method to analyze the publications on NP associated with depression or anxiety between 2000 and 2020. Method: Publications from 2000 and 2020 were identified from the Thomson Reuters Web of Science (WoS) database. We employed CiteSpace V to conduct the bibliometric study. Results: A total of 915 articles or reviews were obtained from the WoS database. The number of publications has increased over the last two decades. The USA was the most productive among countries or regions in the field. According to the burst key words, neuroinflammation, hippocampus, safety, and modulation were the hot global research issues in the domain. Conclusion: Publications about NP associated with depression or anxiety have remarkably increased from 2000 to 2020. These historical opinions about NP associated with depression or anxiety could be an important practical basis for further research into potential development trends.
    Keywords:  anxiety; bibliometrics; citespace; depression; neuropathic pain; web of science
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.729587
  9. Front Oncol. 2021 ;11 642018
    The 100 Most Cited Papers in Radiotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Cancer: 1990-2020.
    Weiping Wang, Xiaoliang Liu, Dunhuang Wang, Kang Ren, Yuncan Zhou, Ziqi Zhou, Jie Qiu, Fuquan Zhang, Ke Hu.
       Objective: This work aims to analyze the 100 most cited papers in radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer.
    Methods: The 100 most cited papers in radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy between 1990 and 2020 were identified with Thompson Reuters Web of Science citation indexing on August 24, 2020. The publication years, source titles, countries/regions, total citations, and average citations per year were extracted from the Web of Science. The research type and research domain were classified by the authors.
    Results: These 100 papers were cited a total of 28,714 times, and the median number of citations was 169.5 (ranging from 116 to 1,700 times). The most cited paper was "Concurrent cisplatin-based radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer" by Rose et al., with a total citation of 1,700 times. The International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics (40 papers), Radiotherapy and Oncology (14 papers), and the Journal of Clinical Oncology (12 papers) published the largest number of papers. USA (47 papers), Austria (18 papers), Canada (13 papers), and England (13 papers) contributed the largest number of papers. Image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) had the largest number of papers (25 papers). Concurrent chemotherapy was the most cited research domain, with 10,663 total citations and 592.4 citations per paper.
    Conclusion: In the present study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited papers in radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer in the past 30 years. IGABT and concurrent chemotherapy were the most cited research domains.
    Keywords:  bibliometric analysis (BA); cervical cancer; concurrent chemoradiotherapy; image-guided adaptive brachytherapy; radiation therapy
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.642018
  10. Health Res Policy Syst. 2021 Sep 19. 19(1): 126
    Collaboration on evidence synthesis in Africa: a network study of growing research capacity.
    Jiayi Pan, Yongqi Zhong, Sarah Young, Nynke M D Niezink.
       BACKGROUND: Evidence-based practice in medicine and social policy relies heavily on evidence synthesis. To translate evidence into practical guidelines for low- and middle-income countries, local expertise is essential. The objectives of this study are to assess the change in capacity for conducting evidence synthesis in Africa and to identify key African institutions for regional capacity-building. We take on a network perspective, considering that the position of an institution in the African evidence ecosystem is one constituent of its research capacity.
    METHODS: We systematically identified 3548 evidence synthesis publications between 2008 and 2019 with at least one author in Africa from the Web of Science Core Collection. These articles involved 3769 institutions. Longitudinal institution-level collaboration network data were constructed based on co-authorship information. We used social network analysis to examine the institutions' connectivity and tendency for intra- and interregional collaboration. We also identified the degree- and betweenness-central African institutions and explored the structure and composition of their local network neighbourhoods.
    RESULTS: The number of African institutions involved in evidence synthesis has increased substantially over the last decade, from 31 in 2008 to 521 in 2019, and so has the number of evidence synthesis publications with authors in Africa. African institutions in the evidence ecosystem have also become more connected during this period. Although the amount of intercontinental collaboration continues to exceed that of regional collaboration, the tendency for African institutions to collaborate with partners in Africa is increasing. We identified seven institutions-in South Africa, Egypt and Uganda-as central to the collaboration networks between 2008 and 2019, all of whom showed a tendency to collaborate across sectors.
    CONCLUSION: The development of more regionally based network-building initiatives would help to foster communities of practice and inter-institutional collaboration, strengthening regional research capacity. Moreover, the analysis in this study adds depth beyond a simple bibliometric analysis and illustrates that network analysis could provide a useful tool to evaluate the effectiveness of capacity-building strategies and programmes in the future.
    Keywords:  Africa; Capacity-building; Co-authorship networks; Cross-sector collaboration; Evidence ecosystem; Evidence synthesis; Research collaboration; Social network analysis; South–South collaboration; Systematic reviews
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-021-00774-2
  11. Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Sep 04. pii: S0735-6757(21)00724-5. [Epub ahead of print]50 501-506
    Women's representation in emergency medicine journals across two decades: 2000-2019.
    Sevilay Vural, Gülden Sayılan, Bihter Şentürk, Mehmet Birhan Yılmaz, Figen Çoşkun.
       OBJECTIVES: The primary aim was to determine women's representation as authors in emergency medicine journals in various authorship positions over the last 20 years. The secondary aim was to compare the two decades to analyze the development over time.
    METHOD: We conducted a retrospective bibliometric analysis of three emergency medicine journals from the online archives of 2000-2019.
    RESULTS: We analyzed a total of 7939 original research and review articles. Female authorships at the first (25,8%), last (18,7%), and corresponding (21,6%) positions were limited, despite the relatively high presence rate (72,5%). Women authored 13,1% of all single-authored publications. When the number of authors increased, the odds for women as co-authors increased. However, the odds for last and corresponding authorship decreased, while the odds for the first authorship remained unchanged. When two decades were compared, we found that proportions of women as first and corresponding authorship increased ([23,8% vs. 27,0%] p = 0.001 and [20,0% vs. 22,6%] p = 0.228, respectively) while the representation as the last author remained unchanged ([19,4% vs 18,3%] p = 0.006). The presence of women in any authorship position also increased significantly ([66,1% vs. 76,5%] p = 0.000) across two decades, with similar trends for the different journals studied. However, the yearly analysis shows that women's representation follows a fluctuating pattern with a minimal increase. When analyzing specific journals, we found that the increase in female authors as first and corresponding authors was limited to Academic Emergency Medicine ([24,7% vs 34,5%] p = 0.000 and [21,4% vs 32,1%] p = 0.000).
    CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study are promising in showing that the representation of women in emergency medicine publications is rising during the recent decade. Although the academic gender gap has not been closed, steps taken for gender equality in academic emergency medicine are clearly notable.
    Keywords:  Academic; Authorship; Emergency medicine; Female; Gender; Publication; Women
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.09.003
  12. Global Health. 2021 Sep 23. 17(1): 114
    Substandard and falsified medical products: bibliometric analysis and mapping of scientific research.
    Waleed M Sweileh.
       OBJECTIVE: Substandard and falsified (SF) medical products are a global public health threat. The presence and spread of SF drugs negatively affect (1) patients' safety and health outcomes, (2) national economy, (3) public trust in the healthcare system, and (4) the international fight against serious health challenges such as malaria and antimicrobial resistance. The objective of the current study was to investigate and provide a snapshot analysis of the evolution and developmental patterns of global research publications on SF products.
    METHODS: A bibliometric approach was adopted using terms such as fake, falsified, counterfeit, substandard, and others. No language restriction was made. The study period was from 1900 up to 2020. The search strategy was validated and implemented using Scopus database.
    RESULTS: The search strategy retrieved 978 documents authored by 2861 researchers from 100 different countries and published in 421 different journals. The retrieved documents received 11,237 citations (11.5 citations per document) with an H-index of 53. The 978 documents retrieved from Scopus were published from 1961 to 2020, giving an average of 16.6 publications per year. The present study indicated that research on SF medical products: (a) has experienced a steep growth from 2001 to 2012 followed by a steady-state growth; (b) was disseminated in a wide range of journals, mainly in the fields of the pharmaceutical industry, analytical chemistry, public health, infectious diseases, and internal medicine; (c) was published by scholars with diverse and distant geographical backgrounds; (d) was mainly produced in the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany; (d) has fragmented research networks and a limited number of researchers per network; (e) has limited cross-country collaboration except for that between the US and the UK in one hand and countries in the Mekong region in the other hand; (f) emphasized on medications related to malaria and sexual stimulants; and (g) received relatively inadequate funding.
    CONCLUSIONS: Research on SF medical products is important and should remain a priority to ensure good quality of medications. Research activity in the field needs to be encouraged in world regions such as Africa and the Middle East where drug regulations are unsatisfactory and cross-border trade of illegal medications is common.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; Counterfeit drugs; Falsified drugs; Research activity; Substandard medications
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-021-00766-5
  13. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2021 Jan 10. 11(1): 20-32
    Projection of E-Learning in Higher Education: A Study of Its Scientific Production in Web of Science.
    Jesús López-Belmonte, Adrián Segura-Robles, Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero, María-Elena Parra-González.
      E-learning is conceived as a purely virtual training approach. Different learning styles have been proliferated in recent years, especially now, due to the impact of COVID-19 in the educational field. The aim of this study is to discover the evolution of e-learning in higher education (ELHI) in scientific literature indexed on the Web of Science. Co-word analysis and bibliometric analysis was performed. A total matrix of 1261 documents was analyzed through SciMAT software. The results revealed that studies on ELHI are written in English and presented by conference papers. The main source of publication for the conferences is EDULEARN proceedings, while the journal source is Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. Spain is the country with the highest volume of production. It is concluded that research on ELHI use does not have an established line of research, due to its recent creation and the lack of related research. The bibliometric analysis specifies that the research is oriented towards knowing the level of acceptance and application of the pedagogical method in the teaching and learning processes.
    Keywords:  Web of Science; bibliometrics; e-learning; higher education; scientific production
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11010003
  14. Front Oncol. 2021 ;11 687904
    A Bibliometric Analysis of 8,276 Publications During the Past 25 Years on Cholangiocarcinoma by Machine Learning.
    Zeyu Zhang, Zhiming Wang, Yun Huang.
       Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common hepatic malignancy. Progress and developments have also been made in the field of CCA management along with increasing scientific publications during the past decades, which reflect topics of general interest and suggest the future direction of studies. The purpose of this bibliometric study is to summarize scientific publications during the past 25 years in the field of CCA using a machine learning method.
    Material and Methods: Scientific publications focusing on CCA from 1995 to 2019 were searched in PubMed using the MeSH term "cholangiocarcinoma." Full associated data were downloaded in the format of PubMed and extracted in the R platform. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was adopted to identify the research topics from the abstract of each publication using Python.
    Results: A total of 8,276 publications related to CCA from the last 25 years were found and included in this study. The most type of publications remained little changed, while the proportion of clinical trials remained relatively low (7.24% as the highest) and, more significantly, with a further downward trend during the recent years (1.42% in 2019). Neoplasm staging, hepatectomy, and survival rate were the most concerning terms among those who are diagnosis-related, treatment-related, and prognosis-related. The LDA analyses showed chemotherapy, hepatectomy, and stent as the highly concerned research topics of CCA treatment. Meanwhile, conversions from basic studies to clinical therapies were suggested by a poor connection between clusters of treatment management and basic research.
    Conclusion: The number of publications of CCA has increased rapidly during the past 25 years. Survival analysis, differential diagnosis, and microRNA expression are the most concerned topics in CCA studies. Besides, there is an urgent need for high-quality clinical trials and conversions from basic studies to clinical therapies.
    Keywords:  bibliometrics; cholangiocarcinoma; latent Dirichlet allocation; machine learning; natural language processing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.687904
  15. An Acad Bras Cienc. 2021 ;pii: S0001-37652021000601803. [Epub ahead of print]93(suppl 3): e20201952
    The 100,000 most influential scientists rank: the underrepresentation of Brazilian women in academia.
    Leticia DE Oliveira, Fernanda Reichert, Eugenia Zandonà, Rossana C Soletti, Fernanda Staniscuaski.
      Despite the progress observed in recent years, women are still underrepresented in science worldwide, especially at top positions. Many factors contribute to women progressively leaving academia at different stages of their career, including motherhood, harassment and conscious and unconscious discrimination. Implicit bias plays a major negative role in recognition, promotions and career advancement of female scientists. Recently, a rank of the most influential scientists in the world was created based on several metrics, including the number of published papers and citations. Here, we analyzed the representation of Brazilian scientists in this rank, focusing on gender. Female Brazilian scientists are greatly underrepresented in the rank (11% in the Top 100,000; 18% in the Top 2%). Possible reasons for this observed scenario are related to the metrics used to rank scientists, which reproduce and amplify the well-known implicit bias in peer-review and citations. Male scientists have more self-citation than female scientists and positions in the rank varied when self-citations were included, suggesting that self-citation by male scientists increases their visibility. Discussions on the repercussions of such ranks are pivotal to avoid deepening the gender gap in science.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201952
  16. Ann Int Commun Assoc. 2021 ;45(2): 134-153
    Gendered Citation Practices in the Field of Communication.
    X Wang, J D Dworkin, D Zhou, J Stiso, E B Falk, D S Bassett, P Zurn, D M Lydon-Staley.
      In disciplines outside of communication, papers with women as first and last (i.e., senior) authors attract fewer citations than papers with men in those positions. Using data from 14 communication journals from 1995 to 2018, we find that reference lists include more papers with men as first and last author, and fewer papers with women as first and last author, than would be expected if gender were unrelated to referencing. This imbalance is driven largely by the citation practices of men and is slowly decreasing over time. The structure of men's co-authorship networks partly accounts for the observed over-citation of men by other men. We discuss ways researchers might approach gendered citations in their work.
    Keywords:  citations; communication; gender; inequality; publication
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2021.1960180
  17. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2020 Aug 20. 10(3): 832-847
    Scientific Mapping of Gamification in Web of Science.
    Jesús López-Belmonte, Mª Elena Parra-González, Adrián Segura-Robles, Santiago Pozo-Sánchez.
      Education is a constantly changing field. The new teaching processes are developed today and all teachers should be prepared. Gamification is one of the methodologies with the greatest impact on the learning process. The objective of the study is to analyze the relevance and progression that the concepts "gamification" and "learning" have acquired in the scientific literature of Web of Science. This research has been based on a bibliometric methodology. A classic bibliometric and thematic analyses have been carried out. A 1230 document matrix analysis has been selected. For descriptive bibliometrics, the Bibliometrix library is used, while Scimat is used for the thematic analysis. Both tools are widely used in this type of study. Results indicate that growth on the study of these topics is booming. There are also authors who accumulate most of the documents, such as Martí Parreño. English is positioned as the predominant language. The topics studied have evolved from how classic games affect learning to the study of video games and their impact on performance. It is concluded that these types of studies are still relevant and with a great future prospect. Furthermore, research focuses especially on video games, on the effects of technology on learning and on the study of flipped learning experiences.
    Keywords:  active methodology; bibliometric analysis; educational innovation; gamification; scientific mapping
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe10030060
  18. J Prosthet Dent. 2021 Sep 15. pii: S0022-3913(21)00311-5. [Epub ahead of print]
    A 10-year (2010 to 2019) scientometric analysis of prosthodontic journals based on SCImago Journal and Country Rank indicators.
    Nirmal Kurian, Nitasha Gandhi, Angleena Y Daniel, Kevin George Varghese, Kusha Dhawan, Jemin Elizabeth Mathew, Poonamjot Kaur.
       STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Scientometrics is the study of measuring and analyzing scholarly literature. Scientometric analysis to determine the impact of prosthodontic journals on scientific contributions is lacking.
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this analysis was to compare the quality of prosthodontic journals based on performance indicators over 10 years (2010 to 2019).
    MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SCImago Journal and Country Rank portal was used to identify various prosthodontic journals under the subject of dentistry. Seven journals publishing in the English language with "Prosthetics" and "Prosthodontics" in the title were identified and analyzed. The statistical analyses of the scientometric indicators for the 7 highest-ranked journals were performed with 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey post hoc tests (α=.05).
    RESULTS: The absolute SCImago journal rank (SJR) was highest at various time periods for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (JPD), International Journal of Prosthodontics (IJP), and Journal of Prosthodontic Research (JPR). The JPD and IJP scored higher SJR than other journals during this period (P<.05). The mean cites per document and the h-index were highest for JPD (P<.05).
    CONCLUSIONS: Scientometric tools enable the evaluation of journal performance to aid researchers when choosing a journal to which to submit their work. Analysis of the 7 prosthodontic journals revealed the performance of various journals and gives an insight into the journal characteristics for future researchers who wish to submit their scholarly work.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.003
  19. PLoS One. 2021 ;16(9): e0257841
    Time to publish? Turnaround times, acceptance rates, and impact factors of journals in fisheries science.
    Brendan J Runde.
      Selecting a target journal is a universal decision faced by authors of scientific papers. Components of the decision, including expected turnaround time, journal acceptance rate, and journal impact factor, vary in terms of accessibility. In this study, I collated recent turnaround times and impact factors for 82 journals that publish papers in the field of fisheries sciences. In addition, I gathered acceptance rates for the same journals when possible. Findings indicated clear among-journal differences in turnaround time, with median times-to-publication ranging from 79 to 323 days. There was no clear correlation between turnaround time and acceptance rate nor between turnaround time and impact factor; however, acceptance rate and impact factor were negatively correlated. I found no field-wide differences in turnaround time since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, though some individual journals took significantly longer or significantly shorter to publish during the pandemic. Depending on their priorities, authors choosing a target journal should use the results of this study as guidance toward a more informed decision.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257841
  20. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021 Oct 01. 148(4): 650e-657e
    Medical Leadership: Experiences in the Use of Shared and Parental Leadership to Improve Academic Performance in the Management of a National Plastic Surgery Unit in China.
    Jie Li, Sally Kiu-Huen Ng, Yuanjin Xu, Qingfeng Li, Li Wang, Yixin Zhang.
       BACKGROUND: Effective leadership is an integral component for optimal academic performance of surgical units. As one of the leading plastic surgery academic medical centers in China, the authors would like to share their experiences of using the combined parental and shared leadership approach in managing their surgical staff within the department. It has taken into account the essence of Eastern moral philosophies and Western leadership theories.
    METHODS: The authors performed a review of the academic development of their staff and changes in the academic productivity of the department between 1999 and 2018. The difference between the first 10 years (1999 to 2008) and second 10 years (2009 to 2018) was analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the authors' leadership approach.
    RESULTS: There is an increase in the number of Science Citation Index articles published in the past decade with a higher impact factor and more articles published in international journals. The timing to promotion was on average 8.4 years. The average age of promotion to consultants has increased, likely because of a later start in the training. With similar average age, prior education, and gender ratio of surgeons in the unit, the department also received 14 times more in research funding and four times more in national key topic research topic.
    CONCLUSIONS: The effective application of this combined leadership approach has significantly improved the academic productivity and quality of the authors' residents and surgeons and the academic advancement of the unit.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000008370
  21. Appetite. 2021 Sep 20. pii: S0195-6663(21)00609-7. [Epub ahead of print] 105702
    Mapping the landscape of Consumer Food Waste.
    Dr John Harvey, Dr Georgiana Nica-Avram, Dr Marsha Smith, Sally Hibbert, Dr Judy Muthuri.
      Since 2015 there has been a surge of academic publications and citations focused on consumer food waste. To introduce a special issue of Appetite focused on the drivers of consumer food waste we perform a transdisciplinary and historical review of the literature through a co-citation network analysis and topic modelling approach. We show that the rapid increase in publications is largely attributable to an urgency caused by the Sustainable Development Goals and climate change. Topic modelling reveals that the dramatic quantitative increase of publications has also produced a variety of evolving themes, and that a metaphorical Cambrian Explosion is occurring after decades of academic inactivity. Network analysis results show that consumer food waste features in thousands of articles and hundreds of journals, but that the citation practices of academics are becoming highly concentrated, as 20% of journals attract over 80% of citations. Finally, by examining the burstiness and transdisciplinary structure of citation networks we show that though the field has historically been dominated by empirical articles, it is now starting to show signs of maturity as a flurry of review papers help to consolidate knowledge.
    Keywords:  Co-citation network; Consumer Food Waste; Consumer behaviour; Food waste; Topic Modelling
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105702
  22. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021 Sep 19. pii: S0895-4356(21)00313-9. [Epub ahead of print]
    Letter to the Editor: A new phenomenon in medical publishing: The autonomous citation.
    Geoffrey K Chambers, Ben W Mol.
      
    Keywords:  ResearchGate; journal citations; zombie publications
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.09.027
  23. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2021 Sep 21. 283 3-11
    German Medical Data Sciences in Studies in Health Technology and Informatics - Reflections on the Fifth Volume.
    Rainer Röhrig, Ursula Hübner, Martin Sedlmayr.
      Since 2017, the German Society for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology e.V. (GMDS) offers the submission of full papers to the annual meetings, optional in Studies in Health Technologies and Informatics (Stud HIT) or in GMS Medical Informatics, Biometrics, and Epidemiology (MIBE). GMDS' aim is to increase the attractiveness of the conference and paper submission process in particular for young scientists and to increase the visibility of the conference. A standardized peer review process was established. Since 2017, a 25-35% of the contributions have been submitted as full papers. A total of 177 papers were published in Stud HTI. With an unofficial journal impact factor of 1.088 (2019) and 0.540 (2020), the papers were cited with a frequency similarly to national medical journals or full paper contributions of International medical informatics conferences.
    Keywords:  German Medical Data Sciences; citation report; editorial; peer review; proceedings
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI210534
  24. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2021 Sep;9(9): e3803
    Treatment Trends of Adult Brachial Plexus Injury: A Bibliometric Analysis.
    Urška Čebron, Johannes A Mayer, Chao Lu, Adrien Daigeler, Cosima Prahm, Jonas Kolbenschlag.
      Brachial plexus injury is often debilitating because it can severely impair upper extremity function and, thus, quality of life. The surgical treatment of injuries to the brachial plexus is very demanding because it requires a profound understanding of the anatomy and expertise in microsurgery. The aim of this study was to get an overview of the landscape in adult brachial plexus injury surgery, and to understand how this has changed over the years.
    Methods: The most frequently cited articles in English relevant to adult brachial plexus injury were identified through the Web of Science online database.
    Results: The average number of citations per article was 32.8 (median 24, range 4-158). Authors from 26 countries contributed to our list, and the US was the biggest contributor. Almost half of all nerve transfer cases were described by Asian authors. Amongst nerve transfer, the spinal accessory nerve was the preferred donor overall, except in Asia, where intercostal nerves were preferred. Distal nerve transfers were described more often than plexo-plexal and extra-plexal-to-plexal transfers. The most common grafts were sural nerve grafts and vascularized ulnar nerve grafts, which became popular in the last decade.
    Conclusions: Our study sheds light on the regional variations in treatment trends of adult brachial plexus injury, and on the evolution of the field over the last 30 years. The articles included in our analysis are an excellent foundation for those interested in the surgical management of brachial plexus injuries.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000003803
  25. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2021 Sep 21. 1745691621997530
    The Rise, Demise, and Reprise of the Increasingly Protracted APA Journal Article?
    Gregory D Webster, Val Wongsomboon, Elizabeth A Mahar.
      Are APA journal articles getting longer or shorter over time? Earlier work that examined changes over time in article length in 24 APA journals (1986-2005) found that pages per article increased over time for the average journal, peaking around 2001, and then plateaued thereafter. But have these trends continued during the past 14 years? The current research extends prior work by adding additional years (1986-2019) and four additional journals (28 journals, 34 years, and 865 total observations). Multilevel growth curve analyses revealed a cubic effect of time on average article length, showing an increase in the 1980s and 1990s, a plateau or slight decline in the 2000s, and a slight increase again in the 2010s. Journal impact factors (JIFs) moderated linear growth over time; journals with higher JIFs had larger linear increases in article length. Exploratory multilevel interrupted time-series analyses suggested that the average linear increase in pages per article over time was greater after the start of psychology's credibility crisis (2012-2019) than before it (1986-2011), which may relate to an increased emphasis on reporting details and transparency. We discuss implications for article length in the contexts of publishing and psychology's ongoing credibility crisis.
    Keywords:  APA journals; article length; credibility crisis; growth curve modeling; impact factor; multilevel models; publication trends
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691621997530
  26. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2020 ;58(4): 458-467
    Bibliometric analysis of research reports: IMSS Southern Research Forum.
    Luis Rey García-Cortés, Gregorio Ramos-Ortega, Martha Patricia Zurita-Carrera, Olga Margarita Bertadillo-Mendoza, Leopoldo Santillán-Arreygue, David Ramos-Valle.
       INTRODUCCIÓN: La Coordinación de Investigación en Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social promueve acciones para la realización del Foro Sur de Investigación en Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (FSIS-IMSS), entre las que destacan la presentación de reportes de investigación.
    OBJETIVO: Analizar la actividad científica del FSIS-IMSS de 1995 a 2018 a través de los reportes de investigación publicados en el marco del Foro Sur.
    MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio bibliométrico de los reportes de investigación publicados. Se elaboró una base de datos en el gestor EndNote X8 y se exportó a Excel para su análisis. Se empleó el Manual Metodológico de Indicadores Médicos 2017 para estandarizar la temática de investigación. Variables: productividad, colaboración, concentración y dispersión. Análisis: frecuencia y media, pruebas de Olmstead Tukey modificada por García de León, Shapiro-Wilk, r de Spearman y ji al cuadrado.
    RESULTADOS: 15,249 investigadores (el 53% mujeres) publicaron 6166 reportes de investigación. Ley de Price con ecuación: y = 130.13 e0.048x. Ley de Lotka conforma 45 grandes investigadores, 2899 medianos y 12,305 pequeños (p < 0.05). Colaboración alta: índice Subramanyan 0.8860 y tres autores como extensión (p < 0.05). Concentración temática moderada: índice Price 0.4922. Categoría temática dominante: diabetes mellitus. El modelo de Bradford explica la contribución de investigadores adscritos a 58 tipos de unidades, 10/58 aportaron 2054 reportes frente a 2061 de 57/58.
    CONCLUSIONES: La actividad científica del FSIS-IMSS en 1995-2018 tuvo mayor participación de mujeres y colaboración múltiple. Se observa una extensión de reportes constante de crecimiento exponencial y concentración de autores de reporte único. Discreta dispersión temática. Alta productividad de las unidades médicas de alta especialidad, los hospitales generales de zona y las instituciones educativas.
    BACKGROUND: The Health Research Coordination of the Mexican Institute of the Mexican Institute of Social Security promotes actions for the realization of the Southern Forum of Health Research of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (FSIS-IMSS), among which the presentation of research reports stands out.
    OBJECTIVE: Analyze the scientific activity of FSIS-IMSS from 1995 to 2018, through the research reports published in the framework of the Southern Forum.
    MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bibliometric study of published research reports. The database was created in the EndNote X8 manager and exported to Excel for analysis. Methodological Manual of Medical Indicators 2017 used to standardize research topics. Variables: productivity; collaboration; concentration; dispersion. Analysis: frequency, mean. Olmstead Tukey tests ­modified by García de León, Shapiro Wilk, r Spearman, Chi s­quare.
    RESULTS: 15,249 researchers (53% women) published 6166 scientific reports. Law of Price with equation: y = 130.13 e0.048x. Lotka’s law consists of 45 large researchers, 2899 medium and 12,305 small (p < 0.05). High collaboration: Subramanyan index 0.8860 and three authors as extension (p < 0.05). Moderate thematic concentration: Price index 0.4922. Olmstead Tukey test modified by García de León exposes dominant thematic category: diabetes mellitus. Model of Bradford explains: 10/58 different types of units according to secondment of researchers contributed 2054 reports; 57/58 contributed 2061.
    CONCLUSIONS: Scientific activity of the FSIS-IMSS, from 1995-2018 shows greater participation of women, multiple collaboration and extension of constant reports of exponential growth and concentration of single report authors. Discrete thematic dispersion. High productivity of high specialty medical units, general zone hospitals and educational ­institutions.
    Keywords:   Bibliometrics; Bibliometría; Biomedical Research; Informe de Investigación; Investigación Biomédica; Research Report
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.24875/RMIMSS.M20000071
  27. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2021 Sep 17. pii: S1058-2746(21)00666-2. [Epub ahead of print]
    Trends in Leadership at Shoulder and Elbow Fellowships: A Cross-Sectional Demographic Review.
    Eric J Sanders, Scott A Wu, Alexander J Neuville, Peter R Swiatek, Erik B Gerlach, Matthew D Saltzman, Guido Marra.
       OBJECTIVE: To determine educational characteristics, trends, and demographics among shoulder and elbow fellowship leaders (FLs).
    BACKGROUND: Fellowship leaders in shoulder and elbow impart lasting impact on trainees and field development. Four previous studies have analyzed the characteristics and career path trends among orthopedic surgery subspecialty FLs (spine, adult reconstruction, trauma, and sports medicine). We characterized the educational backgrounds and demographic composition of all 40 FLs including fellowship directors (FD), fellowship co-directors (co-FD), and associate fellowship directors (associate FD) of 31 American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES)-accredited shoulder and elbow fellowships in the United States. We additionally compiled the residency and fellowship institutions that trained FLs as framework for aspiring leaders in orthopedic surgery.
    METHODS: Using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) directory website page "ASES-recognized Shoulder and Elbow Fellowship Programs" we identified all active shoulder and elbow fellowships within the United States as well as associated FL identifiers. Compiled datapoints include: age, sex, ethnicity, residency/fellowship training location, time since education completion until FL appointment, length in FL role, personal research Scopus H-index, and major society and journal leadership position history.
    RESULTS: We analyzed data from all 40 active FLs across 31 ASES-accredited shoulder and elbow fellowships, encompassing 26 FDs, 13 co-FDs, and 1 associate FD. 97.5% of FLs were male while 2.5% were female, with racial/ethnic identification of 80.0% Caucasian, 10.0% Asian/Pacific Islander, and 10.0% Middle Eastern. The mean Scopus H-index of the FLs was 24.63 ± 16.43. The top residency programs for producing future FLs were the University of Pittsburgh, University of Pennsylvania, University of Nebraska/Creighton, Hospital for Special Surgery, and Brown University (all n=2). The top fellowship programs for producing future FLs were Mayo Clinic (n=6), Columbia University (n=6), San Francisco/California Pacific (n=4), and Washington University in St. Louis (n=4).
    CONCLUSION: Shoulder and elbow fellowship leaders graduate with increased frequency from certain fellowship programs with lesser correlation to residency institutions. Programs demonstrate high retention of prior trainees as future FLs. All FLs are distinguished by high indices of research productivity however demographic diversity remains limited as comparable to prior orthopedic subspecialty FL investigations.
    Keywords:  medical education; orthopedic fellowship; orthopedic leadership; orthopedic surgery; shoulder and elbow fellowship; shoulder and elbow surgery
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2021.08.013
  28. Acta Med Port. 2021 Sep 20.
    The Primary Care Research Landscape and its Relationship with Clinical Practice: A Scientometric Analysis.
    Salomé Apitz, Pedro Fontoura.
       INTRODUCTION: It is unclear if research published in primary care journals aligns with the broad spectrum of problems managed in primary care practice. The aim of this study was to analyse publication trends concerning the burden of medical conditions reported in primary care journals, and to compare these findings with the burden of problems seen in clinical practice, in order to identify research gaps.
    MATERIAL AND METHODS: Scientometric tools were used to analyse 9956 articles of primary care journals indexed in MEDLINE. Through keyword analysis, a relations map was built. Literature review and a primary care database were used to identify active problems and reasons for visiting a family physician. Rankings and frequencies of research output and conditions were compared.
    RESULTS: Keyword analysis identified five clusters of publication trends: cardiovascular conditions and conditions related with unhealthy lifestyles; mental disorders; infections; oncology and health management. By comparing publications with clinical problems, the fields of orthopaedics, endocrinology/metabolism, gastroenterology/hepatology, dermatology, ophthalmology, and the respiratory system show the biggest gaps. Through the relations map, more concrete potential research topics were identified such as palliative care, chronic pain, insomnia, antibiotic prescribing, burnout, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and COVID-19.
    DISCUSSION: The present study acknowledged potential research and publication gaps in Primary Care journals. The findings might help to direct continuing medical education and help with guideline development.
    CONCLUSION: The distribution of publications in primary care journals is distinct from the burden of problems faced in clinical practice and reasons for visiting a family physician. The use of scientometric tools to identify publication trends and their comparison with common problems could be a strategy to identify areas with research gaps in primary care.
    Keywords:  Bibliometrics; Database Management Systems; Primary Health Care; Publishing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.15262
  29. J Comp Psychol. 2021 Aug;135(3): 337
    Correction to Burghardt (2021).
      Reports an error in "How comparative was (is) the Journal of Comparative Psychology? A reptilian perspective" by Gordon M. Burghardt (Journal of Comparative Psychology, Advanced Online Publication, Aug 05, 2021, np). In the article "How Comparative Was (Is) the Journal of Comparative Psychology? A Reptilian Perspective" by Gordon M. Burghardt (Journal of Comparative Psychology. Advance online publication. August 5, 2021. http://doi.org/10.1037/com0000290), the phrase in the introduction that includes the Dewbury (1998) citation also includes an extra word. The phrase should appear as Dewbury (1998) noted that the focus. The year of publication for the Journal of Animal Behavior that appears in the third line of the Method section should appear as (1911-1917). The last sentence in the first paragraph of the Method section should appear as The 8,911 entries over this 110-year period constituted the data analyzed here in detail. The first sentence of the Results section should appear as The Journal of Animal Behavior published 238 articles in its 7-year run. The last phrase of the first paragraph of the Results section should appear as and 8,635 published items of the JCP and JCPP.... (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2021-71123-001.) Comparative psychology, and particularly the Journal of Comparative Psychology, has been criticized for a lack of taxon diversity. The nature and consequences of the critiques are discussed and assessed by analyzing the representation of nonavian reptiles in the journal over its 100-year existence. Although reptiles are indeed rare in the journal, their representation has greatly increased in recent decades, and especially since about 1980. More interestingly, the mix among the major reptilian groups: turtles, lizards, snakes, and crocodylians, has shifted. First turtles predominated in studies, but in recent decades, snakes were far more prominent. In the last 50 years of the journal, there were 10 times the number of articles on snakes than in the first 50 years, turtles declined, and lizards increased greatly, although their totals remained less than half the number of snake articles. Crocodylians only appeared in the first several volumes in the 1920s and never again. The predominance of snakes, not known for their cognitive prowess, in a journal viewed increasingly as an outlet for work on comparative cognition, is discussed. Finally, it appears that the low representation of reptile behavioral research is not peculiar to the Journal of Comparative Psychology, but animal behavior journals more generally. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000298
  30. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep 20.
    Four challenges when conducting bibliometric reviews and how to deal with them.
    João Paulo Romanelli, Maria Carolina Pereira Gonçalves, Luís Fernando de Abreu Pestana, Jéssica Akemi Hitaka Soares, Raquel Stucchi Boschi, Daniel Fernandes Andrade.
      The evidence base in environmental sciences is increasing steadily. Environmental researchers have been challenged to handle massive volumes of data to support more comprehensive studies, assess the current status of science, and move research towards future progress. Bibliometrics can provide important insights into the research directions by providing summarized information for several end users. Here, we present an in-depth discussion on the use of bibliometric indicators to evaluate research outputs through four case studies comprising disciplines in environmental sciences. We discuss four big challenges researchers may face when conducting bibliometric reviews and how to deal with them. We also address some primary questions researchers may answer with bibliometric mapping, drawing lessons from the case studies. Lastly, we clarify some misuses of review concepts and suggest methodological principles of systematic reviews and maps to improve the overall quality of bibliometric studies.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric indicators; Bibliometric mapping; Case studies; Environmental sciences; Network analysis; Research trends
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16420-x
  31. PLoS One. 2021 ;16(9): e0256474
    Twenty years of gender equality research: A scoping review based on a new semantic indicatorr.
    Paola Belingheri, Filippo Chiarello, Andrea Fronzetti Colladon, Paola Rovelli.
      Gender equality is a major problem that places women at a disadvantage thereby stymieing economic growth and societal advancement. In the last two decades, extensive research has been conducted on gender related issues, studying both their antecedents and consequences. However, existing literature reviews fail to provide a comprehensive and clear picture of what has been studied so far, which could guide scholars in their future research. Our paper offers a scoping review of a large portion of the research that has been published over the last 22 years, on gender equality and related issues, with a specific focus on business and economics studies. Combining innovative methods drawn from both network analysis and text mining, we provide a synthesis of 15,465 scientific articles. We identify 27 main research topics, we measure their relevance from a semantic point of view and the relationships among them, highlighting the importance of each topic in the overall gender discourse. We find that prominent research topics mostly relate to women in the workforce-e.g., concerning compensation, role, education, decision-making and career progression. However, some of them are losing momentum, and some other research trends-for example related to female entrepreneurship, leadership and participation in the board of directors-are on the rise. Besides introducing a novel methodology to review broad literature streams, our paper offers a map of the main gender-research trends and presents the most popular and the emerging themes, as well as their intersections, outlining important avenues for future research.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256474
  32. PLoS One. 2021 ;16(9): e0257093
    Evaluation of reporting quality of randomized controlled trials in patients with COVID-19 using the CONSORT statement.
    Yuhuan Yin, Fugui Shi, Yiyin Zhang, Xiaoli Zhang, Jianying Ye, Juxia Zhang.
       OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding patients with COVID-19 and analyse the influence factors.
    METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library databases were searched to collect RCTs regarding patients with COVID-19. The retrieval time was from the inception to December 1, 2020. The CONSORT 2010 statement was used to evaluate the overall reporting quality of these RCTs.
    RESULTS: 53 RCTs were included. The study showed that the average reporting rate for 37 items in CONSORT checklist was 53.85% with mean overall adherence score of 13.02±3.546 (ranged: 7 to 22). The multivariate linear regression analysis showed the overall adherence score to the CONSORT guideline was associated with journal impact factor (P = 0.006), and endorsement of CONSORT statement (P = 0.014).
    CONCLUSION: Although many RCTs of COVID-19 have been published in different journals, the overall reporting quality of these articles was suboptimal, it can not provide valid evidence for clinical decision-making and systematic reviews. Therefore, more journals should endorse the CONSORT statement, authors should strictly follow the relevant provisions of the CONSORT guideline when reporting articles. Future RCTs should particularly focus on improvement of detailed reporting in allocation concealment, blinding and estimation of sample size.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257093
  33. SN Comput Sci. 2021 ;2(6): 461
    Systematic Mapping Study of AI/Machine Learning in Healthcare and Future Directions.
    Gaurav Parashar, Alka Chaudhary, Ajay Rana.
      This study attempts to categorise research conducted in the area of: use of machine learning in healthcare, using a systematic mapping study methodology. In our attempt, we reviewed literature from top journals, articles, and conference papers by using the keywords use of machine learning in healthcare. We queried Google Scholar, resulted in 1400 papers, and then categorised the results on the basis of the objective of the study, the methodology adopted, type of problem attempted and disease studied. As a result we were able to categorize study in five different categories namely, interpretable ML, evaluation of medical images, processing of EHR, security/privacy framework, and transfer learning. In the study we also found that most of the authors have studied cancer, and one of the least studied disease was epilepsy, evaluation of medical images is the most researched and a new field of research, Interpretable ML/Explainable AI, is gaining momentum. Our basic intent is to provide a fair idea to future researchers about the field and future directions.
    Keywords:  Electronic health records (EHR); Healthcare; Interpretable ML; Machine learning (ML); Privacy framework; Security framework; Transfer learning (TL)
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-021-00848-6
  34. Ann Plast Surg. 2021 Oct 01. 87(4): 461-466
    The Impact of Fellowship Training in Academic Plastic Surgery.
    Francesco M Egro, Brandon T Smith, Carolyn P Murphy, Alexander G Stavros, Vu T Nguyen.
       BACKGROUND: The competitive nature of an academic plastic surgery career has contributed to an increase in sub-specialization. The aim of this study is to assess the benefits of subspecialty fellowship training to pursue a career in academic plastic surgery.
    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted of all current academic plastic surgeons (APSs) participating in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-certified residency programs. Online faculty website listings were used to collect their demographics, training and practice characteristics, academic rank and leadership positions, and research productivity.
    RESULTS: A total of 927 APSs met the inclusion criteria, of which 70.2% had undergone fellowship training, with an overall significant increase in fellowship-trained surgeons within the last 10 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.66; P = 0.0005). Hand training was the most common fellowship (35.6%), followed by craniofacial (32.0%) and microsurgery (28.1%). Fellowship training was more prevalent among younger (48.7 vs 53.5 years, P < 0.0001), White (67.8%), and non-White (77.4%, P = 0.0058) APSs who had received either integrated (67.1%) or independent (81.8%, P < 0.0001) plastic surgery training and are currently working in a department (OR, 1.44; P = 0.028). Fellowship training was shown to influence academic rank (associate professor: OR, 1.68 [P = 0.0073]; full professor: OR, 0.58 [P = 0.0008]), leadership position (fellowship director OR, 10.09; P < 0.0001) and research productivity (publications: 26 vs 16.5; P = 0.0009). In addition, fellowship attainment did not correlate with the size of the employing academic program, population of the city of practice, or being a residency director or chair.
    CONCLUSION: The majority of APSs have undergone fellowship training, and there is very strong evidence supporting its impact in current entry and advancement in academic plastic surgery.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000002932
  35. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2021 ;12 1021-1031
    A Survey-Weighted Analytic Hierarchy Process to Quantify Authorship.
    Edsel B Ing.
       Background: Authorship is a pinnacle activity in academic medicine that often involves collaboration and a mentor-mentee relationship. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors criteria for authorship (ICMJEc) are intended to prevent abuses of authorship and are used by more than 5500 medical journals. However, the binary ICMJEc have not yet been quantified.
    Aim: To develop a numeric scoring rubric for the ICMJEc to corroborate the authenticity of authorship claims.
    Methods: The four ICMJEc were separated into the nine authorship components of conception, design, data acquisition, data analysis, interpretation of data, draft, revision, final approval and accountability. In spring 2021, members of an international association of medical editors rated the importance of each authorship component using an 11-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (no importance) to 10 (most important). The median component scores were used to calibrate the pairwise comparisons in an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The AHP priority weights were multiplied against a four-level perceived effort/capability grade to calculate an authorship score.
    Results: Sixty-six decision-making medical editors completed the survey. The components had the median scores/AHP weights: conception 7.5/5.3%; design 8/8.9%; data acquisition 7/3.6%; data analysis 7/3.6%; interpretation of data 8/8.9%; draft 8/8.9%; revision 8/8.9%; final approval 9/20.1%; and accountability 10/31.8%, with Kruskal-Wallis Chi2 = 65.11, p < 0.001.
    Conclusion: The editors rated accountability as the most important component of authorship, followed by the final approval of the manuscript; data acquisition had the lowest median importance score for authorship. The scoring rubric (https://tinyurl.com/eyu86y96) transforms the binary tetrad ICMJEc into 9 quantifiable components of authorship, providing a transparent method to objectively assess authorship contributions, determine authorship order and potentially decrease the abuse of authorship. If desired, individual journals can survey their editorial boards and use the AHP method to derive customized weightings for an ICMJEc-based authorship index.
    Keywords:  ICMJE; academic medicine; analytic hierarchy process; authorship; ethics; medical editors; survey
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S328648
  36. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 09 28. pii: e2102945118. [Epub ahead of print]118(39):
    Gender inequities in the online dissemination of scholars' work.
    Orsolya Vásárhelyi, Igor Zakhlebin, Staša Milojević, Emőke-Ágnes Horvát.
      Unbiased science dissemination has the potential to alleviate some of the known gender disparities in academia by exposing female scholars' work to other scientists and the public. And yet, we lack comprehensive understanding of the relationship between gender and science dissemination online. Our large-scale analyses, encompassing half a million scholars, revealed that female scholars' work is mentioned less frequently than male scholars' work in all research areas. When exploring the characteristics associated with online success, we found that the impact of prior work, social capital, and gendered tie formation in coauthorship networks are linked with online success for men, but not for women-even in the areas with the highest female representation. These results suggest that while men's scientific impact and collaboration networks are associated with higher visibility online, there are no universally identifiable facets associated with success for women. Our comprehensive empirical evidence indicates that the gender gap in online science dissemination is coupled with a lack of understanding the characteristics that are linked with female scholars' success, which might hinder efforts to close the gender gap in visibility.
    Keywords:  STEM; computational social science; gender inequality; scholarly communication; social networks
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102945118
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