bims-evares Biomed News
on Evaluation of research
Issue of 2019–07–21
fiveteen papers selected by
Thomas Krichel, Open Library Society
  1. Global Scientific Outputs of Brain Death Publications and Evaluation According to the Religions of Countries.
  2. [Evaluating justification of choice for priority directions in the field of biomedicine in the national project 'SCIENCE'].
  3. The catalytic role of a research university and international partnerships in building research capacity in Peru: A bibliometric analysis.
  4. Gender variations in citation distributions in medicine are very small and due to self-citation and journal prestige.
  5. Scholarly output and the impact of self-citation among surgical fellowship program directors.
  6. Unravelling the gender productivity gap in science: a meta-analytical review.
  7. Gender Disparity in Academic Neurosurgery.
  8. Academic output of German neurosurgical residents in 35 academic neurosurgery residency programs.
  9. Gender Disparities in Authorships of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia Research Articles.
  10. Citation classics: the 100 most cited articles in Urogynecology.
  11. Qualitative Analysis of the Most Cited Publications from Leading Indian Medical Institutions.
  12. An"impact"in publishing.
  13. Write-up and dissemination of undergraduate and postgraduate research at the University of Rwanda: a cross-sectional study.
  14. The MJA in 2019: a long tradition and increasingly high and broad impact.
  15. Top-rated AMEE MedEdPublish Papers - March 2019.
  1. J Relig Health. 2019 Jul 17.
    Global Scientific Outputs of Brain Death Publications and Evaluation According to the Religions of Countries.
    Güvenç Doğan, Selçuk Kayır.
      In 1950s, the concept of brain death, which began to be discussed primarily in terms of medicine and then in terms of religion, law, and ethics, became a central topic in all world countries as it was an early diagnosis of death. Despite the fact that brain death (BD) diagnosis is of importance for benefitting from organ and tissue transplantation of patients in the world, the literature still involves no bibliometric studies that made a holistic evaluation of the publications about this issue. The present study aims to investigate the top-cited articles about BD published between 1980 and 2018, identify the citation collaboration of the journals, demonstrate the collaboration between the countries, define the relationship between organ transplantation and BD, and reveal the latest developments and trend topics about this issue. In addition, this study aims to investigate the relationship between religions of countries and brain death publication productivity. Documents for bibliometric analysis were downloaded from Web of Science. The literature search was performed using the keywords "brain death/dead" during 1980-2018. The correlations between gross domestic product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI) and publication productivity of the countries on BD were investigated with Spearman's correlation coefficient. There was a high-level, statistically significant correlation between the number of publications and GDP, and HDI and the number of publications about BD (r = 0.761, p < 0.001; r = 0.703, p < 0.001). The USA was the top country in terms of publication productivity, which was followed by developed countries such as Germany, Japan, France, and Spain. However, the contribution of the undeveloped or developing countries such as China, Brazil, Turkey, Iran, and South Africa was found to be considerably important. While many people in the world die with undamaged organs, many other people die needing those organs. Therefore, it is considered that the collaborations and thus multidisciplinary studies about BD should be increased in the world countries, and the countries should be involved in bigger collaborations instead of little clusters. Especially, Muslim countries should be encouraged to do research and publish studies about the issues of brain death and organ transplantation.
    Keywords:  Bibliometrics; Brain dead; Brain death; Organ donor; Religion; Transplantation
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00886-8
  2. Khirurgiia (Mosk). 2019 ; 119-124
    [Evaluating justification of choice for priority directions in the field of biomedicine in the national project 'SCIENCE'].
    V I Starodubov, F A Kurakov, N G Kurakova, L A Tsvetkova, Yu V Polyakova.
      The purpose of the present research was to analyze the validity of the choice for biomedical disciplines fixed by the passport of the national project 'Science' for the following priority of the Strategy for the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation: 'the transition to personalized medicine, high-tech medical care and health saving technologies ...'. We assessed the degree of relevance of this choice to great challenges facing the Russian Federation, as well as trends in the development of global biomedicine. The hypothesis of this study was the assumption that when determining priority areas it is necessary to proceed from the analysis and comparison of two arrays: the list of nosologies which account for the maximum morbidity, mortality, disability level of, primarily, the able-bodied population of Russia, and scientometric data identifying trends in the development of global biomedicine.
    Keywords:  Web of Science; biomedicine; disciplines; national project «Science»; priority directions of scientific and technological development; publication activity; target indicators
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.17116/hirurgia2019061119
  3. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Jul 15. 13(7): e0007483
    The catalytic role of a research university and international partnerships in building research capacity in Peru: A bibliometric analysis.
    Christopher W Belter, Patricia J Garcia, Alicia A Livinski, Fabiola Leon-Velarde, Kristen H Weymouth, Roger I Glass.
       OBJECTIVE: In Peru, the past three decades have witnessed impressive growth in biomedical research catalyzed from a single research university and its investigators who secured international partnerships and funding. We conducted a bibliometric analysis of publications by Peruvian authors to understand the roots of this growth and the spread of research networks within the country.
    METHODS: For 1997-2016, publications from Web of Science with at least one author affiliated with a Peruvian institution were examined by year, author affiliations, funding agencies, co-authorship linkages, and research topics.
    RESULTS: From 1997-2016, the annual number of publications from Peru increased 9-fold from 75 to 672 totaling 6032. Of these, 56% of the articles had co-authors from the US, 13% from the UK, 12% from Brazil, and 10% from Spain. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH) was clearly the lead research institution noted on one-third of publications. Of the 20 most published authors, 15 were Peruvians, 14 trained at some point at UPCH, and 13 received advanced training abroad. Plotting co-authorships documented the growth of institutional collaborations, the robust links between investigators and some lineages of mentorship.
    CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests that international training of Peruvian physician-scientists who built and sustained longstanding international partnerships with funding accelerated quality research on diseases of local importance. The role of a single research university, UPCH, was critical to advance a culture of biomedical research. Increased funding from the Peruvian Government and its Council for Science, Technology and Innovation will be needed to sustain this growth in the future. Middle-income countries might consider the Peruvian experience where long-term research and training partnerships yielded impressive advances to address key health priorities of the country.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007483
  4. Elife. 2019 Jul 15. pii: e45374. [Epub ahead of print]8
    Gender variations in citation distributions in medicine are very small and due to self-citation and journal prestige.
    Jens Peter Andersen, Jesper Wiborg Schneider, Reshma Jagsi, Mathias W Nielsen.
      A number of studies suggest that scientific papers with women in leading-author positions attract fewer citations than those with men in leading-author positions. We report the results of a matched case-control study of 1,269,542 papers in selected areas of medicine published between 2008 and 2014. We find that papers with female authors are, on average, cited between 6.5% and 12.6% less than papers with male authors. However, the standardized mean differences are very small, and the percentage overlaps between the distributions for male and female authors are extensive. Adjusting for self-citations, number of authors, international collaboration and journal prestige, we find near-identical per-paper citation impact for women and men in first and last author positions, with self-citations and journal prestige accounting for most of the small average differences. Our study demonstrates the importance of focusing greater attention to within-group variability and between-group overlap of distributions when interpreting and reporting results of gender-based comparisons of citation impact.
    Keywords:  human biology; medicine; none
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.45374
  5. Am J Surg. 2019 Jul 09. pii: S0002-9610(19)30566-5. [Epub ahead of print]
    Scholarly output and the impact of self-citation among surgical fellowship program directors.
    Christopher G Yheulon, Andrew T Schlussel, Justin J Ernat, Danielle E Cafasso, Terri L Carlson, Margaret E Gallagher, Dwight C Kellicut.
       OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to define the publication patterns and the impact of self-citation among program directors of surgical fellowships.
    METHODS: Program directors were identified through the respective fellowship accrediting council and association websites for eleven surgical subspecialties. Using the Scopus database, the number of publications, citations, self-citations, and h-indices were calculated.
    RESULTS: 781 program directors were identified. The mean number ± SD of publications, citations, and h-index for the cohort were 74.6 ± 88.2, 2141 ± 3486, and 18.8 ± 14.5, respectively. The self-citation rate for the entire cohort was 3.17%. After excluding self-citations, the h-index remained unchanged for 72% of surgeons. After propensity score matching for h-index, colorectal surgeons (1.48%, p = 0.04) had significantly lower self-citation rates.
    CONCLUSION: Overall, self-citation is infrequent among program directors of surgical fellowships. There is a lower rate of self-citation among colorectal surgeons when compared to program directors in other specialties with similar baseline metrics.
    Keywords:  Fellowship; General surgery; H-index; Self citation; Self-citation; Surgery
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.07.002
  6. R Soc Open Sci. 2019 Jun;6(6): 181566
    Unravelling the gender productivity gap in science: a meta-analytical review.
    Julia Astegiano, Esther Sebastián-González, Camila de Toledo Castanho.
      Women underrepresentation in science has frequently been associated with women being less productive than men (i.e. the gender productivity gap), which may be explained by women having lower success rates, producing science of lower impact and/or suffering gender bias. By performing global meta-analyses, we show that there is a gender productivity gap mostly supported by a larger scientific production ascribed to men. However, women and men show similar success rates when the researchers' work is directly evaluated (i.e. publishing articles). Men's success rate is higher only in productivity proxies involving peer recognition (e.g. evaluation committees, academic positions). Men's articles showed a tendency to have higher global impact but only if studies include self-citations. We detected gender bias against women in research fields where women are underrepresented (i.e. those different from Psychology). Historical numerical unbalance, socio-psychological aspects and cultural factors may influence differences in success rate, science impact and gender bias. Thus, the maintenance of a women-unfriendly academic and non-academic environment may perpetuate the gender productivity gap. New policies to build a more egalitarian and heterogeneous scientific community and society are needed to close the gender gap in science.
    Keywords:  H-index; gender bias; science impact; success rate; women in science; women underrepresentation
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181566
  7. Cureus. 2019 May 09. 11(5): e4628
    Gender Disparity in Academic Neurosurgery.
    Tiffany Odell, Harjyot Toor, Ariel Takayanagi, Bailey Zampella, Javed Siddiqi, Sabeena Jalal, Khashayar Golbaz, Sadia Qamar, Faisal Khosa.
      Background In the 1960s, less than 10% of medical school graduates were women. Today, almost half of all medical school graduates are women. Despite the significant rise in female medical school graduates, there continues to be a large gender gap in most subspecialties, particularly surgical subspecialties such as neurosurgery. Objective The purpose of our study was to assess the factors contributing to differences in the academic ranks of male and female staff in academic neurosurgery programs in Canada and the United States (US). Methods Data about women in academic neurosurgery was collected from a number of sources, including Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA), Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), Canadian Resident Matching Service (CaRMS) FRIEDA, ACGME, CaRMS, Pubmed, and Scopus, to create a database of all neurosurgeons in the US and Canada. The analysis included neurosurgeons in academic and leadership ranks and also the H index, citations, publications, citations per year, and publications per year. Results Women represent only 12% of neurosurgeons in the US and Canada. When gender is further analyzed by academic appointment, women represent just over 12% of neurosurgeons at the assistant and associate professor levels (15.44% and 13.27%, respectively) but significantly less at the full professor level (5.84%). Likewise, only 7.45% of women hold first-in command leadership positions while 4.69% hold second-in-command positions within their institutions. Conclusions The existing data shows that women are significantly under-represented in academic neurosurgery. Lack of role models, experience, limited scientific output, and aspirations of a controlled lifestyle could be the potential contributing factors.
    Keywords:  gender disparity; h-index; publications; research productivity; women in neurosurgery; women in surgery
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.4628
  8. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2019 Jul 18.
    Academic output of German neurosurgical residents in 35 academic neurosurgery residency programs.
    Fatma Kilinc, Florian Gessler, Daniel Dubinski, Sae-Yeon Won, Johanna Quick-Weller, Volker Seifert, Bedjan Behmanesh.
       BACKGROUND: The scientific activity of neurosurgeons and neurosurgery residents as measured by bibliometric parameters is of increased interest. While data about academic output for neurosurgeons in the USA, the UK, and Canada have been published, no similar results for German neurosurgical residents exist. Within this study, we aim to evaluate the academic output of German neurosurgery residents in 35 academic residency programs.
    METHODS: Data for each resident were collected from the departmental websites, Pubmed, and Scopus. Further analyses evaluated the relationship between publication productivity, sex, and academic degree (Dr. med.).
    RESULTS: Data from 424 neurosurgery residents were analyzed. A total of 1222 publications were considered. A total of 355 (29%) of the 1222 publications were first-author publications. The average number of publications per resident was 2.9; the average h-index and m-quotient was 1.1 and 0.4, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in academic output and h-index among neurosurgical residents with a doctoral degree compared with residents without such degree (5.3 vs. 1.3, p < 0.0001 and 2.0 vs. 0.5, p < 0.0001).
    CONCLUSION: This is the very first study evaluating the academic output of neurosurgical residents in academic neurosurgical departments in Germany.
    Keywords:  Gender; H-index; M-quotient; Neurosurgery; Publication; Residents
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-019-04011-2
  9. J Alzheimers Dis. 2019 Jul 11.
    Gender Disparities in Authorships of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia Research Articles.
    Leoni C Menzel, Philipp W Kramer, David A Groneberg, Michael H K Bendels.
       BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease and dementia are an increasing burden affecting more than 50 million patients worldwide. Hence, research has increased significantly in recent decades. It is recognized that female authors are systematically underrepresented in research in general.
    OBJECTIVE: In this article, we examine gender disparities in academic research on dementia and Alzheimer's disease in the last decade.
    METHODS: 104,858 male and female authorships from 37,961 original research articles were analyzed. The global and country-specific distribution of women across first, co, and last authorships was determined with the inclusion of a citation and productivity analysis.
    RESULTS: 42.1% of all authorships and 50.2% of the first, 42.2% of the co, and 32.8% of the last authorships were held by women. Women were less commonly cited, published fewer articles and were also less likely to secure prestigious authorships in articles with multiple authors compared with men. Distinct differences were observed among the countries.
    CONCLUSION: Substantial growth in the number of prestigious female authorships has been observed to date and is predicted to continue in the future, with an emphasis on the progressive representation of women and a diminishing gender gap.
    Keywords:  Citation; Prestige Index; gender gap; odds ratio; productivity
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-190216
  10. Int Urogynecol J. 2019 Jul 12.
    Citation classics: the 100 most cited articles in Urogynecology.
    Ankita Gupta, Bridget Kennedy, Kate V Meriwether, Sean L Francis, Olivia Cardenas-Trowers, J Ryan Stewart.
       INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The objective of this study was to utilize objective citation analyses to describe the 100 most cited articles in the field of Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) and to review their characteristics.
    METHODS: We searched the Thomas Reuters Web of Science database for the most cited articles within all journals classified as Obstetrics and Gynecology (Ob/Gyn), Urology (Uro), Colorectal Surgery (CRS), and vital General Medicine (GM) journals (New England Journal of Medicine; Journal of the American Medical Association; Lancet; The BMJ). We reviewed search results for FPMRS content and compiled a list of the top 100 most cited articles relevant to FPMRS.
    RESULTS: We screened 34,934 articles yielded by the initial search and compiled the 100 most cited articles relevant to FPMRS. Of these 100 titles, 40% (42 out of 105) were published in Ob/Gyn, 46.7% (49 out of 105) in Uro, 1.9% (2 out of 105) in CRS, and 11.4% (12 out of 105) in GM journals. The most cited FPMRS article was "The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society" (3,810 total and 242 citations per year). Over half the articles were observational in nature and the majority (58%) of them were related to urinary incontinence in women.
    CONCLUSIONS: Highly cited FPMRS articles come from a variety of journals, and nearly 50% of the 100 most cited FPMRS articles are from the urology literature. The most cited articles were largely observational rather than interventional studies and mostly related to female urinary incontinence.
    Keywords:  Bibliometric analysis; Citation analysis; Citation classics; Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery; Urogynecology
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-019-04021-9
  11. J Assoc Physicians India. 2018 Sep;66(9): 64-68
    Qualitative Analysis of the Most Cited Publications from Leading Indian Medical Institutions.
    Anita S Malhotra, Nusrat Shafiq, K K Talwar, Samir Malhotra.
       Background and Objectives: The most important responsibility of physicians is research - advancement of medical knowledge is the core on which the other responsibilities, patient care and research, are based. This study was planned to conduct a qualitative analysis of the major publications from the the country's leading medical institutions.
    Methods: We used Scopus to generate a list of total number of publications from the topmost institutions, the number of citations, and citations per article. We calculated the h-index, g-index, i-10 index, and h5-index for these institutions. A more detailed analysis was carried out for the top 20 most cited papers in each of the institutions. Only descriptive statistics were used.
    Results: Among the top 10 medical institutions included, AIIMS, Delhi and PGIMER, Chandigarh were the top institutes, accounting for more publications and citations than the next eight institutions combined. The other institutions also managed to publish a large number of highly-cited papers. AIIMS was the leading institution when other indices were calculated. Among the most-cited articles, >80% had first/corresponding authors from outside India. A large number papers remained uncited, even after many years of publication.
    Interpretation and conclusions: Uncited papers could be a result research conducted with the purpose of getting the numbers needed for promotion (NNP). Importance of collaborative research was seen to be an important factor when citations are considered. Even with the huge resource deficit, our institutes managed to publish a decent number of highly cited articles, which can be boosted if funding situation is improved.
  12. Zool Res. 2019 Jul 18. pii: 2095-8137(2019)04-0239-02. [Epub ahead of print]40(4): 239-240
    An"impact"in publishing.
    Yong-Gang Yao, Yun Zhang, Yong-Tang Zheng.
      On 20 June 2019, Clarivate Analytics (2019) announced its Journal Citation Reports of 2018. From this, Zoological Research (ZR) received its first impact factor based on citations in 2018 for indexed papers published during 2016 to 2017. Although the new impact factor (1.556) is modest, it ranks ZR at 52 among the 170 SCI journals (quartile 2) in the Zoology category. This excellent result is not only a reflection of your enduring support, but also in recognition of our efforts to boost ZR from a Chinese-language only journal in 1980 to an English-language only journal of international standing by 2014.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.040
  13. Pan Afr Med J. 2019 ;32 164
    Write-up and dissemination of undergraduate and postgraduate research at the University of Rwanda: a cross-sectional study.
    Christian Nsanzabaganwa, Hubert Habineza, Naphtal Nyirimanzi, Christian Umuhoza, Katie Cartledge, Craig Conard, Peter Cartledge.
       Introduction: Research is essential in all areas of health development. However, medical students and residents frequently lack the time and training on performing research. This is especially prevalent in resource-limited settings. We aimed to compare the word counts of undergraduate and postgraduate dissertations with published projects in Rwanda, and to identify the proportion of postgraduate pediatric research projects that have been published since 2012.
    Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study of undergraduate and postgraduate research dissertations at the University of Rwanda. Dissertations were then compared to randomly selected published papers of Rwandan research. Each IMRaD (Introduction, Methodology, Results and Discussion) section word count was compared using Student's t-test.
    Results: 19/190 (10%) undergraduate dissertations and 22/41 (54%) postgraduate dissertations, were available in electronic format for word-count analysis. The mean total word count for postgraduate dissertations (5163 words) was significantly longer (p<0.001) than the randomly selected peer-reviewed journal articles (2959 words). Each section of the IMRaD structure of postgraduate dissertations was significantly longer than those of the control group. Undergraduates used a similar number of words to published papers, but used significantly more tables and figures. Of the 41 postgraduate dissertations, only four (10%), were published in peer-reviewed journals.
    Conclusion: This is the first study to assess the writing style of Rwandan medical students and pediatric postgraduate residents. A simple step to increase dissemination of research findings would be for institutions to modify academic regulations so that students write-up in manuscript form rather than dissertation format.
    Keywords:  Research; developing country; education; internship and residency; medical; writing style
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2019.32.164.18409
  14. Med J Aust. 2019 Jul 14.
    The MJA in 2019: a long tradition and increasingly high and broad impact.
    Paul B Foley, Christine E Gee, Nicholas J Talley Ac.
      
    Keywords:  Publishing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50273
  15. Med Teach. 2019 Jul;41(7): 844
    Top-rated AMEE MedEdPublish Papers - March 2019.
      
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2019.1625097
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