bims-ciryme Biomed News
on Circadian rhythms and metabolism
Issue of 2022–10–16
two papers selected by
Gabriela Da Silva Xavier, University of Birmingham
  1. The effects of time-restricted eating and weight loss on bone metabolism and health: a 6-month randomized controlled trial.
  2. The intestinal clock drives the microbiome to maintain gastrointestinal homeostasis.
  1. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Oct 14.
    The effects of time-restricted eating and weight loss on bone metabolism and health: a 6-month randomized controlled trial.
    Maria Papageorgiou, Emmanuel Biver, Julie Mareschal, Nicholas Edward Phillips, Alexandra Hemmer, Emma Biolley, Nathalie Schwab, Emily N C Manoogian, Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez, Daniel Aeberli, Didier Hans, Caroline Pot, Satchidananda Panda, Nicolas Rodondi, Serge L Ferrari, Tinh-Hai Collet.
       OBJECTIVE: This study explored the impact of time-restricted eating (TRE) versus standard dietary advice (SDA) on bone health.
    METHODS: Adults with ≥1 component of metabolic syndrome were randomized to TRE (ad libitum eating within 12 hours) or SDA (food pyramid brochure). Bone turnover markers and bone mineral content/density by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed in the total population and by weight loss response.
    RESULTS: In the total population (n = 42, 76% women, median age 47 years [IQR: 31-52]), there were no between-group differences (TRE vs. SDA) in any bone parameter. Among weight loss responders (≥0.6 kg weight loss), the bone resorption marker β-carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen tended to decrease after TRE but increase after SDA (between-group differences p = 0.041), whereas changes in the bone formation marker procollagen type I N-propeptide did not differ between groups. Total body bone mineral content decreased after SDA (p = 0.028) but remained unchanged after TRE (p = 0.31) in weight loss responders (between-group differences p = 0.028). Among nonresponders (<0.6 kg weight loss), there were no between-group differences in bone outcomes.
    CONCLUSIONS: TRE had no detrimental impact on bone health, whereas, when weight loss occurred, it was associated with some bone-sparing effects compared with SDA.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23577
  2. Nat Commun. 2022 Oct 14. 13(1): 6068
    The intestinal clock drives the microbiome to maintain gastrointestinal homeostasis.
    Marjolein Heddes, Baraa Altaha, Yunhui Niu, Sandra Reitmeier, Karin Kleigrewe, Dirk Haller, Silke Kiessling.
      Diurnal (i.e., 24-hour) oscillations of the gut microbiome have been described in various species including mice and humans. However, the driving force behind these rhythms remains less clear. In this study, we differentiate between endogenous and exogenous time cues driving microbial rhythms. Our results demonstrate that fecal microbial oscillations are maintained in mice kept in the absence of light, supporting a role of the host's circadian system rather than representing a diurnal response to environmental changes. Intestinal epithelial cell-specific ablation of the core clock gene Bmal1 disrupts rhythmicity of microbiota. Targeted metabolomics functionally link intestinal clock-controlled bacteria to microbial-derived products, in particular branched-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. Microbiota transfer from intestinal clock-deficient mice into germ-free mice altered intestinal gene expression, enhanced lymphoid organ weights and suppressed immune cell recruitment. These results highlight the importance of functional intestinal clocks for microbiota composition and function, which is required to balance the host's gastrointestinal homeostasis.
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33609-x
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