bims-ciryme 2022-09-18 papers

Issue of 2022‒09‒18
two papers selected by
Gabriela Da Silva Xavier
University of Birmingham

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Sep 20. 119(38): e2206348119

Daytime eating prevents mood vulnerability in night work.

Jingyi Qian, Nina Vujovic, Hoa Nguyen, Nishath Rahman, Su Wei Heng, Stephen Amira, Frank A J L Scheer, Sarah L Chellappa.

Shift workers have a 25 to 40% higher risk of depression and anxiety partly due to a misalignment between the central circadian clock and daily environmental/behavioral cycles that may negatively affect mood and emotional well-being. Hence, evidence-based circadian interventions are required to prevent mood vulnerability in shift work settings. We used a stringently controlled 14-d circadian paradigm to assess mood vulnerability during simulated night work with either daytime and nighttime or daytime-only eating as compared with simulated day work (baseline). Simulated night work with daytime and nighttime eating increased depression-like mood levels by 26.2% (p-value adjusted using False Discovery Rates, pFDR = 0.001; effect-size r = 0.78) and anxiety-like mood levels by 16.1% (pFDR = 0.001; effect-size r = 0.47) compared to baseline, whereas this did not occur with simulated night work in the daytime-only eating group. Importantly, a larger degree of internal circadian misalignment was robustly associated with more depression-like (r = 0.77; P = 0.001) and anxiety-like (r = 0.67; P = 0.002) mood levels during simulated night work. These findings offer a proof-of-concept demonstration of an evidence-based meal timing intervention that may prevent mood vulnerability in shift work settings. Future studies are required to establish if changes in meal timing can prevent mood vulnerability in night workers.

Keywords: circadian disruption; mental health; mood vulnerability; shift work; sleep

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2206348119

Biology (Basel). 2022 Jul 08. pii: 1031. [Epub ahead of print]11(7):

The Effect of Traumatic Brain Injury on Sleep Architecture and Circadian Rhythms in Mice-A Comparison of High-Frequency Head Impact and Controlled Cortical Injury.

Holly T Korthas, Bevan S Main, Alex C Harvey, Ruchelle G Buenaventura, Evan Wicker, Patrick A Forcelli, Mark P Burns.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant risk factor for the development of sleep and circadian rhythm impairments. In this study we compare the circadian rhythms and sleep patterns in the high-frequency head impact (HFHI) and controlled cortical impact (CCI) mouse models of TBI. These mouse models have different injury mechanisms key differences of pathology in brain regions controlling circadian rhythms and EEG wave generation. We found that both HFHI and CCI caused dysregulation in the diurnal expression of core circadian genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1,2, Cry1,2) at 24 h post-TBI. CCI mice had reduced locomotor activity on running wheels in the first 7 d post-TBI; however, both CCI and HFHI mice were able to maintain circadian behavior cycles even in the absence of light cues. We used implantable EEG to measure sleep cycles and brain activity and found that there were no differences in the time spent awake, in NREM or REM sleep in either TBI model. However, in the sleep states, CCI mice have reduced delta power in NREM sleep and reduced theta power in REM sleep at 7 d post-TBI. Our data reveal that different types of brain trauma can result in distinct patterns of circadian and sleep disruptions and can be used to better understand the etiology of sleep disorders after TBI.

Keywords: circadian rhythm; concussion; mild TBI (mTBI); sleep; traumatic brain injury (TBI)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11071031