bims-chumac 2020-02-23 papers

Issue of 2020‒02‒23
seven papers selected by
Jay Dixit
Storytelling.NYC

J Interpers Violence. 2020 Feb 17. 886260519900293

Sexual Attitudes, Perceptions of Attractiveness, and Level of Coercion Affect Undergraduate Men's Judgments of Women's Responses to Sexual and Nonsexual Social Situations.

Nason EE, Yeater EA, Hoyt T.

The aims of this study were to (a) evaluate undergraduate men's (N = 108) judgments of the effectiveness of women's responses to increasingly coercive sexual victimization risk and nonsexual social situations and (b) examine whether individual difference factors (e.g., perceptions of attractiveness, rape empathy) influenced these judgments. As part of a larger study, undergraduate women were video recorded responding to a series of vignettes depicting increasingly coercive sexual and nonsexual social situations. Undergraduate men then rated the effectiveness of these responses in either decreasing risk for sexual victimization (for the sexual victimization risk situations) or increasing the likelihood of achieving a social goal (for the nonsexual social situations), as well as each woman's physical attractiveness. Multilevel modeling results revealed that both situational-level (i.e., level of coercion) and individual-level factors (i.e., rape empathy, perceived attractiveness of the women, and rape myth acceptance) were associated with men's judgments of the effectiveness of women's responses in sexually risky situations. Specifically, responses were rated as less effective in decreasing victimization risk as the level of coercion increased, and men who reported lower rape empathy, lower perceived attractiveness of the woman, and higher rape myth acceptance judged women's responses as less effective than men who reported higher rape empathy, higher perceived attractiveness, and lower rape myth acceptance. Attractiveness was the only significant predictor of men's judgments of women's responses to nonsexual situations, with more attractive women being perceived as more effective. The findings of the current study highlight the importance of understanding the interaction between individual difference variables and situational features in understanding men's judgments of women's responses.

Keywords: college students; rape myth acceptance; response effectiveness; sexual aggression; sexual victimization

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519900293

Rev Int Androl. 2020 Feb 17. pii: S1698-031X(19)30087-1. [Epub ahead of print]

[Subjective orgasm experience in the context of solitary masturbation].

Sierra JC, Ortiz A, Calvillo C, Arcos-Romero AI.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The subjective orgasm experience refers to the evaluation of sensations caused by orgasm from a psychological approach. The objective of this study was to examine the subjective orgasm experience in the context of solitary masturbation taking into account sex and age, as well as to compare this experience with perceived experience in the context of a sexual relations.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample was composed of 874 heterosexual adults from the general Spanish population (441 men [50.5%], 433 women [49.5%]). It was distributed into two age ranges: 18-34 and 50-93years. Participants completed a survey composed of a Background questionnaire and the Spanish version of the Orgasm Rating Scale.
RESULTS: It was shown that sex (p<.001) and age (p<.001) influence subjective orgasm experience in the context of solitary masturbation. Women and young people showed greater intensity. Furthermore, significant differences in the subjective orgasm experience between the context of solitary masturbation and the context of a sexual relations were found. It was estimated as more intense in a sex-with-partner context.
CONCLUSIONS: The subjective orgasm experience in the context of solitary masturbation is different to the one experienced in the context of a sexual relationship, being more intense in women and in young people.

Keywords: Age; Edad; Experiencia orgásmica subjetiva; Masturbación; Masturbation; Relaciones sexuales; Sex; Sexo; Sexual relationship; Subjective orgasm experience

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.androl.2019.10.001

J Sex Med. 2020 Feb 17. pii: S1743-6095(20)30047-3. [Epub ahead of print]

Diverse Sexual Behaviors and Pornography Use: Findings From a Nationally Representative Probability Survey of Americans Aged 14 to 60 Years.

Herbenick D, Fu TC, Wright P, Paul B, Gradus R, Bauer J, Jones R.

BACKGROUND: Convenience sample data indicate that substantial portions of adults have engaged in sexual behaviors sometimes described as rough; little is known about these behaviors at the population level.AIM: To describe, in a U.S. probability sample of Americans aged 18 to 60 years, (i) the prevalence of diverse sexual behaviors, described here as dominant and target behaviors; (ii) the age at first pornography exposure as well as prevalence, range, and frequency of pornography use; (iii) the association between past year pornography use frequency and dominant/target sexual behaviors; and (iv) associations between lifetime range of pornography use and dominant/target sexual behaviors.
METHODS: A confidential cross-sectional online survey was used in this study.
OUTCOMES: Lifetime engagement in dominant behaviors (eg, spanking, choking, name calling, performing aggressive fellatio, facial ejaculation, penile-anal penetration without first asking/discussing) and lifetime engagement in target behaviors (eg, being spanked, being choked, being called names during sex, having their face ejaculated on, receiving aggressive fellatio, or receiving penile-anal penetration without having discussed) were assessed; lifetime pornography use, age at first porn exposure, past-year frequency of porn viewing, and lifetime range of pornography were also assessed.
RESULTS: Women as well as men who have sex with men were more likely to report target sexual behaviors: having been choked (21.4% women), having one's face ejaculated on (32.3% women, 52.7% men who have sex with men), and aggressive fellatio (34.0% women). Lifetime pornography use was reported by most respondents. After adjusting for age, age at first porn exposure, and current relationship status, the associations between pornography use and sexual behaviors was statistically significant.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinicians need to be aware of recent potential shifts in sexual behaviors, particularly those such as choking that may lead to harm.
STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS: Strengths include U.S. probability sampling to provide population level estimates and the use of Internet-based data collection on sensitive topics. We were limited by a lack of detail and context related to understanding the diverse sexual behaviors assessed.
CONCLUSION: Clinicians, educators, and researchers have unique and important roles to play in continued understanding of these sexual behaviors in the contemporary United States. Herbenick D, Fu T-C, Wright P, et al. Diverse Sexual Behaviors and Pornography Use: Findings From a Nationally Representative Probability Survey of Americans Aged 14 to 60 Years. J Sex Med 2020;XX:XXX-XXX.

Keywords: Anal Sex; Population Health; Pornography; Sexual Behavior

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.01.013

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 13. pii: E1190. [Epub ahead of print]17(4):

Link between Financial Management Behaviours and Quality of Relationship and Overall Life Satisfaction among Married and Cohabiting Couples: Insights from Application of Artificial Neural Networks.

Baryła-Matejczuk M, Skvarciany V, Cwynar A, Poleszak W, Cwynar W.

BACKGROUND: To explain the link between household finances and the quality of the relationship between married or cohabitating partners and their life satisfaction, the Family Stress Model (FSM) was used and placed within the theoretical framework of the Couples and Finances Theory (CFT).METHODS: The measures used to examine the relationship between partners were the Financial Management Behaviour Scale, the Marriage Questionnaire (KDM-2) adapted to a version for cohabitating couples, The Shared Goals and Values Scale, Harsh Start-up Scale, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). In order to find out the relationship between variables, artificial neural networks (ANN) were applied. The research was conducted on a sample of 500 couples living in Poland (384 married and 116 cohabitating couples).
RESULTS: The results indicate that overall life satisfaction is most influenced by fundamental, direct, current ways of dealing with the daily financial routine and by saving and investing behaviours. Credit management and insurance behaviours are the most important for the quality of the relationship between partners.
CONCLUSIONS: The research shows that financial management behaviours have an impact on the quality of relationships as well as on the subjective well-being of people in a relationship, and their relationship dynamics. This finding may be used to highlight the psychological importance of financial management behaviours.

Keywords: artificial neural network (ANN); financial management behaviours; harsh start-up; overall life satisfaction; quality of relationships; relationship satisfaction; shared goals and values; subjective well-being

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041190

Biodemography Soc Biol. 2020 Jan-Mar;65(1):65(1): 31-40

Effects of wife's and husband's income on wife's reproduction: an evolutionary perspective on human mating.

Fieder M, Huber S.

From an evolutionary perspective, for women mate choice may be of crucial importance particularly concerning resources needed for rearing children. In modern societies, however, resources in terms of income are often provided by both women and men. Nonetheless, the effects of a wife's and husband's socioeconomic status on the wife's reproduction have not been investigated on a broader level. We therefore aim to investigate the effects of wife's and husband's income on wife's number of children and her probability of remaining childless using census data from nine countries mainly in the developing world for a total of 782,147 women aged 45-54 years who currently live with a husband and their spouses. Overall, both wife's and husband's income are significantly negatively associated with wife's number of children. Only in Israel do we find a positive association between husband's income and wife's offspring number. A wife's probability of remaining childless, however, increases with increasing own, but decreases with increasing husband's income. We conclude that in this sample of nearly all developing countries, effects of husband's socioeconomic status on wife's reproduction are acting through childlessness.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2019.1689351

Perception. 2020 Feb 17. 301006620905216

Turning Heads: The Effects of Face View and Eye Gaze Direction on the Perceived Attractiveness of Expressive Faces.

Ho PK, Newell FN.

Keywords: expression; eye gaze; face view; facial attractiveness; head orientation; head turn

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0301006620905216

Arch Sex Behav. 2020 Feb 18.

The Prevalence of Sexting Behaviors Among Emerging Adults: A Meta-Analysis.

Mori C, Cooke JE, Temple JR, Ly A, Lu Y, Anderson N, Rash C, Madigan S.

Sexting is the sharing of sexually explicit images, videos, and/or messages via electronic devices. Prevalence estimates of sexting have varied substantially, potentially due to broad age ranges being examined. The current study sought to synthesize relevant findings examining the prevalence of consensual and non-consensual sexting in a specific developmental period, emerging adulthood (≥ 18-< 29), to try to explain discrepancies in the literature. Searches were conducted in electronic databases for articles published up to April 2018. Relevant data from 50 studies with 18,122 emerging adults were extracted. The prevalence of sexting behaviors were: sending 38.3% (k = 41; CI 32.0-44.6), receiving 41.5% (k = 19; CI 31.9-51.2), and reciprocal sexting 47.7% (k = 16; CI 37.6-57.8). Thus, sexting is a common behavior among emerging adults. The prevalence of non-consensual forwarding of sexts was also frequent in emerging adults at 15.0% (k = 7; CI 6.9-23.2). Educational awareness initiatives on digital citizenship and psychological consequences of the non-consensual forwarding of sexts should be targeted to youth and emerging adults with the hopes of mitigating this potentially damaging and illegal behavior.

Keywords: Emerging adults; Meta-analysis; Sexting

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01656-4