bims-cateng Biomed News
on Cell and tissue engineering
Issue of 2023–08–27
two papers selected by
Chance Bowman, Dartmouth College



  1. Pharmgenomics Pers Med. 2023 ;16 759-766
       Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorder, is caused by pathogenic variants in the DMD gene encoding a large structural protein in muscle cells.
    Methods: Two probands, a 6-year old boy and a 1-month old infant, respectively, were clinically diagnosed with DMD based on elevated levels of creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme. CNVplex and whole exome sequencing (WES) were performed for causal variants, and Sanger sequencing was used for verification.
    Results: CNVplex found no large deletions or duplications in the DMD gene in both patients, but WES discovered a single-nucleotide deletion in exon 48 (NM_004006.2:c.6963del, p.Asp2322ThrfsTer16) in the proband of pedigree 1, and a nonsense mutation in exon 27 (NM_004006.2:c.3637A>T, p.K1213Ter) in the proband of pedigree 2.
    Conclusion: The results of our study expand the mutation spectrum of DMD and enrich our understanding of the clinical characteristics of DMD. Genetic counseling was provided for the two families involved in this study.
    Keywords:  DMD gene; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; exon 27; exon 48; whole exome sequencing
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2147/PGPM.S416294
  2. Cell Stem Cell. 2023 Aug 16. pii: S1934-5909(23)00284-9. [Epub ahead of print]
      Chemical reprogramming offers an unprecedented opportunity to control somatic cell fate and generate desired cell types including pluripotent stem cells for applications in biomedicine in a precise, flexible, and controllable manner. Recent success in the chemical reprogramming of human somatic cells by activating a regeneration-like program provides an alternative way of producing stem cells for clinical translation. Likewise, chemical manipulation enables the capture of multiple (stem) cell states, ranging from totipotency to the stabilization of somatic fates in vitro. Here, we review progress in using chemical approaches for cell fate manipulation in addition to future opportunities in this promising field.
    Keywords:  cell identity; cell potency; cellular plasticity; chemical reprogramming; chemically induced pluripotent stem cells; lineage reprogramming; partial reprogramming; primary cells; regeneration; rejuvenation; small molecules
    DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2023.08.001