bims-cahedi 2023-05-07 papers

Issue of 2023‒05‒07
three papers selected by
Keshav K. Singh
University of Alabama at Birmingham

Cancer Control. 2023 Jan-Dec;30:30 10732748231175255

The Prevalence of Prostate Cancer Among Young Men Below 55 Years of Age in Nigeria.

Atara Ntekim, Ayorinde Folasire, Oluwaponmile A Odukoya.

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. It was initially a disease of older men above the age of 55 years. Of recent, there has been reports of increase in the number of young men <55 years with prostate cancer (PCa). The disease in this age group has been reported to be more lethal because of aggressive characteristics and metastatic potential. Different populations have different proportions of young-onset PCa. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of young men aged <55 years with PCa in Nigeria.METHODS: Data on the prevalence of young men <55 years with PCa was extracted from the 2022 report of the prevalence of cancer in Nigeria from 2009 to 2016 based on the records of 15 major Cancer Registries in Nigeria. This was a publication of the Nigerian Ministry of Health and represents the most up to date data.
RESULTS: In 4864 men diagnosed with malignancies before age 55, PCa was the second common, following liver cancer. Out of a total of 4091 cases of PCa in all age groups, 355 were diagnosed in men <55 years representing 8.86%. Furthermore, the proportion of young men with the disease in the Northern part of the country was 11.72%, whereas in the South, it was 7.77%.
CONCLUSIONS: PCa is the second most common cancer in young Nigerian men aged< 55 years preceded by liver cancer. The proportion of young men with PCa was 8.86%. It is therefore important to consider PCa in young men as a different entity and develop appropriate ways to control this disease to ensure survival and good quality of life.

Keywords: Nigeria; cancer; proportion; prostate; young men

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748231175255

Urol Pract. 2022 Jan;9(1): 64-71

Race-Specific Trends in Prostate Cancer Screening and Presentation before and after the 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force Statement.

Brandon Horton, Stacey Alexeeff, Stephanie Prausnitz, Andrew L Avins, Joseph Presti.

INTRODUCTION: Our goal was to assess temporal changes in the race-specific rates of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening, prostate biopsy, overall prostate cancer detection and metastatic cancer at presentation among screen-eligible men in Kaiser Permanente Northern California before and after the 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force Prostate Cancer Screening Statement.METHODS: This was a retrospective study spanning the years 2006 to 2017 in screen-eligible Kaiser Permanente Northern California members (Black men ages 45-69, all other men ages 50-69) with no history of prostate cancer. We compared the race-specific biennial rates of PSA testing, prostate biopsy, overall prostate cancer incidence and metastatic cancer at presentation.
RESULTS: A total of 422,664 to 567,660 men per biennial period were evaluated (72% White, 8% Black, 20% Asian). Following the 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force statement, all races experienced similar declines in screening (22%-25%), biopsy (47%-57%) and overall cancer detection (34%-48%) rates. We found an increase in metastatic rates (39%-105%).
CONCLUSIONS: Following the 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force Statement, in men under the age of 70, PSA screening, biopsy and overall prostate cancer detection rates significantly decreased in a similar fashion across all races, while rates of metastatic disease significantly increased in all races.

Keywords: early detection of cancer; prostate-specific antigen; prostatic neoplasms

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/UPJ.0000000000000274

Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2023 Apr 25. 914150231171838

Health Disparities Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Older Adults: A Structural Competency Approach.

Nik M Lampe, Harry Barbee, Nathaniel M Tran, Skyler Bastow, Tara McKay.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) older adults experience significant health disparities. Examining these disparities has become an international research priority, but gaps remain. In this review article, we summarize major contributions of and ongoing gaps in health disparities research among LGBTQ+ older adults, while focusing on four major content areas: (a) social determinants of health disparities, (b) mental, cognitive, and physical health disparities, (c) reproductive and sexual health disparities, and (d) seeking LGBTQ+-affirming and age-friendly care. Using a structural competency approach, we develop a four-part agenda for this research area that enhances our understanding of how macro-level systems, institutions, and structures drive health disparities among aging LGBTQ+ communities. We also outline future research on structural competency in LGBTQ+ older adult health, while providing recommendations for researchers and clinicians. These recommendations illuminate potential best practices for bettering the health and quality of life of LGBTQ+ older populations.

Keywords: LGBTQ+; aging; health; health disparities; older adults; structural competency

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00914150231171838