bims-caglex 2026-06-14 papers

Int J Stem Cells. 2026 Jun 10.

Rejuvenation Potential of Developmental Genes Downregulated in Aging.

Byungkuk Min, Juhyeon Nam, Minseo Choi, Junyoung Hong, Areum Baek, Janghwan Kim.

Partial reprogramming with Yamanaka factors effectively reverses cellular aging but poses potential oncogenic risks, limiting clinical translation. To identify safer rejuvenation induction factors (RIFs), we integrated five aging datasets and compared them with single-cell transcriptomics data from 811 mouse embryonic cells in preimplatation stages. This analysis identified genes exhibiting an inverse relationship between aging (downregulated) and development (upregulated). We further refined this selection by isolating genes common in the intermediate stage of Yamanaka factor-mediated reprogramming. Based on the molecular characteristics of reprogramming factors, we successfully isolated four RIFs associated with ribosome biogenesis, mitochondrial import, translational regulation, and serine metabolism. The expression of these RIFs in aged fibroblasts effectively reduced senescence markers and increased gene expression patterns inversely associated with aging-associated transcriptional change. Unlike the established Yamanaka factors, these identified RIFs modulate development-associated pathways that decline with aging, without activating pluripotency-associated programs, suggesting a potentially safer rejuvenation strategy.

Keywords: Age-associated genes; Developmental gene expression; Partial reprogramming; Preimplantation embryos; Regenerative medicine; Single-cell transcriptomics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc25144

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2026 ;14 1830358

Stem cell dysfunction and rejuvenation strategies in ageing: emerging advances in regenerative medicine.

Khuzin Dinislam, Anas Shamsi, Syed Tasqeruddin, Saleha Anwar, Moyad Shahwan.

Ageing is a complicated phenomenon that is defined by the progressive decline in the body's functions that leads to weakened regenerative potential and greater vulnerability to various age-related diseases. There is evidence that highlights that stem cell dysfunction and exhaustion are the primary reasons for tissue degeneration that progresses with age and hence provide aid to regenerative therapeutic approaches. Stem cells have shown the ability to influence age-related cellular dysfunction in preclinical models mainly via paracrine signaling, immune modulation and tissue repair processes. Nonetheless, clinical evidence primarily confines to early-phase trials, showing inconsistent results based on cell type, delivery method and disease context. Several types of stem cells are being studied rigorously for their regenerative, immunomodulatory, and anti-ageing properties. Pre-clinical and early-phase clinical studies suggest potential benefits of stem cell-based interventions in musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders although effect sizes vary and long-term efficacy remains under investigation. Furthermore, emerging technologies such as tissue reprogramming, senolytics and niche modulation also contribute to improving therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge of stem cell biology and therapies from various preclinical and clinical studies, along with rejuvenation approaches.

Keywords: ageing; clinical trials; regenerative medicine; rejuvenation approaches; stem cell therapy; stem cells

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2026.1830358

Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2026 Jun 12.

Stem Cell and Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Therapeutic Potential and Mechanistic Insights in Anti-Aging.

Jinfeng Liu, Dong Li, Shuxing Wu, Na Liu.

Aging is driven by interconnected molecular and cellular processes (senescence, inflammation, proteostasis decline, mitochondrial dysfunction) that reduce tissue repair and organismal resilience, resulting in an increased prevalence of chronic degenerative conditions. Accordingly, the development of strategies to prevent, delay, or mitigate multiple age-related diseases is imperative. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and other pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer substantial therapeutic potential owing to their self-renewal and cellular plasticity, but their direct clinical use is limited by concerns of immunogenicity, tumorigenicity, and ethical constraints. ESC- and PSC-derived extracellular vesicles (ESC-EVs/PSC-EVs) have emerged as promising alternatives that may capture many of the regenerative and modulatory benefits of their parent cells while reducing associated risks. Cumulative evidence shows that EVs from young or stem-like cells mainly produce rejuvenating effects across tissues and molecular pathways. Here we summarize key biological features of stem cells and their EVs, outline mechanisms by which EVs impact aging hallmarks, and assess preclinical and early clinical findings on stem cell and EVs interventions for aging and age-related diseases. Careful optimization of EVs production, standardized characterization, and thorough safety and efficacy testing in diverse disease models and clinical contexts are essential to translate PSC-EVs approaches into viable therapies.

Keywords: Aging; Embryonic stem cell; Extracellular vesicles; Pluripotent stem cells; Rejuvenation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-026-11157-x