bims-antpol 2024-01-07 papers

Issue of 2024–01–07
two papers selected by
Rick Sheridan, EMSKE Phytochem

Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2023 Dec 12. 15(4): 30

Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents.

Blanca Sáenz de Miera, Raquel Cañadas, María González-Miquel, Emilio J González.

BACKGROUND: The valorization of orange peel waste (OPW) through the extraction of bioactive compounds is a clear example of the circular economy. OPW contains many value-added compounds, among which bioactive phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) could be extracted and used for industrial applications, such as pharmaceuticals or cosmetics.
METHODS: In this work, the extraction of phenolic compounds from orange peel was carried out by conventional (orbital shaker) and assisted (ultrasound and microwave) extraction techniques using deionized water, 80% (v/v) ethanol in water, and ethyl acetate as solvents. The effect of temperature, extraction time, and type of technique was evaluated and discussed following spectrophotometric (total phenolic content and total flavonoid content) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses of the extracts.
RESULTS: The most effective extraction in terms of efficiency was achieved by microwave-assisted extraction using 80% (v/v) ethanol in water as the extraction solvent, at 373 K for 6 min, which obtained 7.2 ± 0.1 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g OPW and 13.3 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g OPW, with the main bioactive compound extracted being hesperidin (58.2 ± 0.2 mg/g OPW). The most effective extraction in terms of energy consumption was achieved using ultrasound-probe-assisted extraction, yielding 8.8 ± 0.0 mg GAE/g OPW; 17.1 ± 0.1 mg QE/g OPW; 40.0 ± 0.2 mg hesperidin/g OPW, with an energy consumption of 18 kJ.
CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound and microwave-assisted extractions can be considered efficient extraction technologies for the valorization of OPW as they reduce extraction time and energy consumption and increase extraction yield.

Keywords: assisted extraction; hesperidin; natural phenolic compounds; orange waste valorization; sustainable solvents

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbe1504030

Sci Rep. 2024 01 02. 14(1): 125

Naturally occurring quercetin and myricetin as potent inhibitors for human ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1.

Peeradon Duangiad, Bodee Nutho, Thawatchai Chaijarasphong, Noppawan Phumala Morales, Thunyarat Pongtharangkul, Itaru Hamachi, Akio Ojida, Jirarut Wongkongkatep.

Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases 1 (ENPP1) is a key enzyme in purinergic signaling pathways responsible for cell-to-cell communications and regulation of several fundamental pathophysiological processes. In this study, Kyoto Green, a rapid chemical sensor of pyrophosphate, was employed to screen for effective ENPP1 inhibitors among five representative flavonoids (quercetin, myricetin, morin, kaempferol, and quercetin-3-glucoside), five nucleosides (adenosine, guanosine, inosine, uridine, and cytidine), and five deoxynucleosides (2'- and 3'-deoxyadenosine, 2'-deoxyguanosine, 2'-deoxyinosine, and 2'-deoxyuridine). Conventional colorimetric, fluorescence, and bioluminescence assays revealed that ENPP1 was effectively inhibited by quercetin (Ki ~ 4 nM) and myricetin (Ki ~ 32 nM) when ATP was used as a substrate at pH 7.4. In silico analysis indicated that the presence of a chromone scaffold, particularly one containing a hydroxyl group at the 3' position on the B ring, may promote binding to the active site pocket of ENPP1 and enhance inhibition. This study demonstrated that the naturally derived quercetin and myricetin could effectively inhibit ENPP1 enzymatic activity and may offer health benefits in arthritis management.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50590-7