bims-myxlip 2024-02-11 papers

Issue of 2024‒02‒11
three papers selected by
Laura Mannarino, Humanitas Research

Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2024 Feb 07.

A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Lurbinectedin in Soft Tissue Sarcomas.

Rita Khoury, Tarek Assi, Rebecca Ibrahim, Tony Ibrahim, Benjamin Verret, Clemence Henon, Ratislav Bahleda, Axel Le Cesne.

OPINION STATEMENT: Soft tissue sarcoma (STS), a substantial group of aggressive and rare tumors with tissue heterogeneity, is infrequently represented in clinical trials with an urgent necessity for newer treatment options. Lurbinectedin, an analog of trabectedin, is currently approved, in various countries, as a single agent, for the treatment of patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, preclinical and phase I and phase II trials have demonstrated the efficacy of lurbinectedin in different tumor types, including STS. The better understanding of the pathophysiology and evolution of STS as well as the mechanism of action of lurbinectedin in addition to the available data regarding the activity of this drug in this subset of patients will pave the way to newer therapeutic options and strategies.

Keywords: Cancer; Lurbinectedin; Sarcoma; Soft tissue; Trabectedin

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-024-01178-4

Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jan 28. pii: 558. [Epub ahead of print]16(3):

Geriatric Assessment of Older Patients Receiving Trabectedin in First-Line Treatment for Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas: The E-TRAB Study from The German Interdisciplinary Sarcoma Group (GISG-13).

Bernd Kasper, Daniel Pink, Christian Rothermundt, Stephan Richter, Marinela Augustin, Attila Kollar, Annegret Kunitz, Wolfgang Eisterer, Verena Gaidzik, Thomas Brodowicz, Gerlinde Egerer, Peter Reichardt, Peter Hohenberger, Markus K Schuler.

E-TRAB was a non-interventional, prospective trial investigating the feasibility and predictive value of geriatric assessments (GA) in older STS patients treated with trabectedin as first-line therapy. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS), quality of life and individual clinical benefit assessed by the patient-reported outcome measures QLQ-C30 and PRO-CTCAE. Further, several GA tools were applied and correlated with clinical outcomes and treatment-related toxicities. The final analyses included 69 patients from 12 German-speaking sites. The median age of patients was 78 years (range: 55 to 88). Baseline data on PROs and GA identified a diverse population of older patients with respect to their global health status, although a large proportion of them suffered from limitations, required geriatric help and had a high risk of morbidity. The Cancer and Age Research Group (CARG) score classified 38%, 29% and 23% of the patients with low, intermediate and high risks for therapy-related side effects, respectively. Median OS was 11.2 months [95%CI: 5.6; 19.4]. The study confirmed that trabectedin as first-line treatment in older patients with STS has an acceptable and manageable safety profile. Potential prognostic factors for clinical outcome and therapy-related toxicity were identified among the GA tools. Long Timed Up and Go (TUG) showed a significant correlation to OS and early death, whereas a high CARG score (>9) was associated with an increase in unplanned hospitalizations and the incidence of toxicities grade ≥ 3.

Keywords: PRO; STS; geriatric assessment; patient-reported outcome; soft tissue sarcoma; trabectedin

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16030558

Int J Surg Pathol. 2024 Feb 04. 10668969241226695

A Case of Myxoid Pleomorphic Liposarcoma with Rhabdoid Cells: A Diagnostic Pitfall.

Takuma Arai, Ikuma Kato, Yusuke Kawabata, Shinichi Tsujimoto, Yoshihiro Ishikawa, Shingo Kato, Masanobu Takeyama, Shoji Yamanaka, Kenichi Kohashi, Yoshinao Oda, Satoshi Fujii.

Myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma (MPLS) is an extremely rare tumor listed in the fifth edition of the WHO classification (2020). Histologically, it mainly comprises a mixture of myxoid and pleomorphic liposarcoma-like components. Genetically, it lacks FUS/EWSR1::DDIT3 fusion and MDM2 amplification. Herein, we describe an example of MPLS with rhabdoid cells in a 10-year-old girl who presented with a growing mass in the right inguinal region. The specimen from the wide excision measured 68 mm × 55 mm × 43 mm, and a circumscribed and lobulated mass was observed in the subcutaneous tissue. Histologically, oval-to-short, spindle-shaped, proliferating tumor cells with moderate nuclear atypia and mesh-like capillaries against a myxoid background were noted. Adipocytes were observed focally, while rhabdoid cells were observed multifocally. Immunohistochemically, the tumor showed inconsistent reactivity for desmin but was negative for MYOD1, myogenin, MDM2, and CDK4. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed no DDIT3 rearrangement. Despite adjuvant chemotherapy, the tumor metastasized to the thoracic cavity 24 months after excision. The metastatic lesions contained abundant lipoblasts rather than rhabdoid cells, and we concluded this tumor was a MPLS. The presence of rhabdoid cells could be a diagnostic pitfall, and recognizing such a variation in histology would help improve diagnostic accuracy.

Keywords: fluorescence in situ hybridization; immunohistochemistry; myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma; rhabdoid cell

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10668969241226695