bims-lypmec 2023-10-15 papers

Issue of 2023‒10‒15
two papers selected by
Satoru Kobayashi, New York Institute of Technology

EMBO Rep. 2023 Oct 09. e57265

Dysfunction of lysosomes, the primary hydrolytic organelles in animal cells, is frequently associated with aging and age-related diseases. At the cellular level, lysosomal dysfunction is strongly linked to cellular senescence or the induction of cell death pathways. However, the precise mechanisms by which lysosomal dysfunction participates in these various cellular or organismal phenotypes have remained elusive. The ability of lysosomes to degrade diverse macromolecules including damaged proteins and organelles puts lysosomes at the center of multiple cellular stress responses. Lysosomal activity is tightly regulated by many coordinated cellular processes including pathways that function inside and outside of the organelle. Here, we collectively classify these coordinated pathways as the lysosomal processing and adaptation system (LYPAS). We review evidence that the LYPAS is upregulated by diverse cellular stresses, its adaptability regulates senescence and cell death decisions, and it can form the basis for therapeutic manipulation for a wide range of age-related diseases and potentially for aging itself.

Keywords: LYPAS; age-related disease; autophagy; lysosomal quality control; senescence

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202357265

Anal Chem. 2023 Oct 10.

Visualization of Lysosomal Dynamics during Autophagy by Fluorescent Probe.

Guofang Li, Langdi Zhang, Hua Zheng, Ling Huang, Zihong Li, Wenxiu Li, Weiying Lin.

Lysosomes are one of the important organelles within cells, and their dynamic movement processes are associated with many biological events. Therefore, real-time monitoring of lysosomal dynamics processes has far-reaching implications. A lysosome-targeted fluorescent probe N(CH2)3-BD-PZ is proposed for real-time monitoring of lysosomal kinetic motility. Using this probe, the dynamic process of lysosomes under starvation induction was successfully explored through fluorescence imaging. Importantly, we observed a new pattern of lysosomal dynamic movement, in which an irregular lysosome was slowly cleaved into two different-sized touching lysosomes and then fused to form a new round lysosome. This research provides a powerful fluorescence tool to understand the dynamic motility of intracellular lysosomes under fluorescence imaging.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03329